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Results for “Postoperative Period”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Tear film function and corneal sensation in the early postoperative period after LASEK for the correction of myopia.

PURPOSE: Subepithelial nerves and stromal nerves of the cornea are damaged during LASEK surgery for the correction of myopia. This leads to a reduction in corneal sensation and to alterations of the tear film function in the early postoperative period. The aim of this study was to evaluate tear film function, corneal sensation and subjective symptoms of dry eye in the early postoperative period after LASEK for the correction of myopia. METHODS: LASEK surgery was performed in 20 eyes of 10 consecutive patients for the correction of myopia (-1.0 to -9.0 D, mean -4.86 D). Subjective symptoms of a dry eye were evaluated with a standardised questionnaire. Schirmer test with and without local anaesthesia, tear film break-up time, fluorescein staining of the cornea and corneal esthesiometry (Cochet-Bonnet) were performed before surgery and 1 week, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after LASEK. Additionally corneal staining and subjective symptom severity scores were assessed 3 days after surgery. RESULTS: Corneal sensation was reduced 1 week after LASEK and recovered during the first month after LASEK. The tear film break-up time was reduced 1 week and 1 month after LASEK and reached preoperative values 2 months after surgery. Fluorescein staining was increased 3 days and 1 week after LASEK. Subjective symptom severity scores were increased 3 days, 1 week, 1 month and 2 months after LASEK. Schirmer tests values with local anaesthesia were significantly reduced at 3 months after surgery, but not at 3 days, 1 month, or 2 months. Schirmer test values without local anaesthesia were significantly decreased 2 and 3 months after LASEK, but not after 3 days and 1 month after LASEK. CONCLUSIONS: LASEK alters ocular surface haemostasis and reduces corneal sensation in the early postoperative period. Subjective symptoms of dry eye were described during the first 2 months after surgery.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Complications of pneumatic ureterolithotripsy in the early postoperative period.

PURPOSE: To document the perioperative and early postoperative complications of pneumatic ureterolithotripsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1997 and December 2003, pneumatic ureterolithotripsy was performed in 665 male and 314 female patients for stones >0.5 cm. The age range was 9 months to 72 years (mean 41 years). Preoperatively, intravenous urography, urinalysis, and urine culture were done. Cefepime 1 g was given as prophylactic antimicrobial therapy 1 hour prior to surgery. A plain film of the urinary tract was taken immediately before the procedure. The operations were carried out with the patient under general anesthesia. Rigid ureteroscopes (6.9F ACMI "micro-6" or 8F-10F Storz) and the Vibrolith (Elmed, Ankara, Turkey) pneumatic lithotripter were used. The fragments were extracted with forceps or baskets. Urinalysis and culture as a routine postoperative evaluation and a plain film or ultrasonogram of the urinary tract when needed were done 1 week after the procedure. RESULTS: The stones were completely removed in 847 patients (86.5%); 783 (80%) of them went home on the day of surgery. A ureteral stent was needed in 401 patients (41.0%). Perioperative complications were migration of the stone into the kidney in 70 patients (7.2%), mucosal damage in 34 (3.5%), ureteral perforation in 17 (1.7%), ureteral avulsion in 4 (0.4%), and conversion to open surgery in 3 (0.2%). During the early postoperative period, flank pain (18.4%), pelvic discomfort (5.5%), macroscopic hematuria (7.3%), and urinary tract infection (5%) were recorded. CONCLUSION: Ureterolithotripsy by a pneumatic lithotripter is a minimally invasive, highly tolerable procedure with a low complication rate and short hospital stay when performed meticulously with appropriate instruments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Patient controlled analgesic therapy in the early postoperative period.

Fourteen patients with postoperative pain were allowed to self-administer preset doses of pethidine intravenously via a logic-controlled motor syringe. Plasma samples were collected during anaesthesia and the postoperative self-administration period, and the concentrations of pethidine and nor-pethidine were determined. Separate single-dose studies in eight patients yielded pharmacokinetic parameters which made possible computer simulations of continuous plasma concentration curves for the anaesthesia and postoperative self-administration period. The consumption of pethidine showed great interindividual variations with a mean consumption for the entire group of 26 mg per hour. The patients established steady-state plasma concentrations with far less than the maximum amount of pethidine allowed. The mean measured plasma concentration of pethidine which provided adequate analgesia was 738 +/- 149 ng/ml. Simulated and measured plasma concentrations were in close agreement. The individual mean drug consumption per hour during self-administration correlated closely with the individual elimination rate of pethidine. No serious side effects were observed. Thus, patient-controlled analgesic therapy offers an individualized analgesic supply to meet an analgesic demand which is governed by each patient's appreciation of pain.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Infections in the early postoperative period following keratoplasty--a report of seven cases].

Keratoplasty was performed on 3482 eyes from 1965 to 1986 in our hospital. Five eyes (0.14%) were infected in the early postoperative period. Two eyes had endophthalmitis. These seven eyes were operated on again and with local and systemic antibiotics treated as well. Followed up for 36 days to 7 years, six eyes remained safe (5 eyes transparent and 1 eye semi-transparent.) The visual acuity reached 0.3 in two eyes, 0.2 in one eye and finger counting to 0.1 in three eyes. The seventh eye was enucleated because of serious infection. Several factors of infection in the early postoperative period following keratoplasty, causative organisms, the relations between the types of operation in the early postoperative period following keratoplasty were also discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[The early postoperative period in patients with tumors of the posterior cranial fossa].

The studies carried out during an early postoperative period in patients with posterior fossa tumors were made to analyse the role of the degree and the level of brain stem damages in formation of cerebral reactions. The three groups of cases were selected in accordance with the course of the postoperative period: 1.1-with exitus letalis (irreversible damages); 1.2-rehabilitation in persistent focal damages; 2-restoration with functional safety of brain stem. Differences of the integral cerebral reactions (the state of consciousness, emotional-affective disorders, awakening state) as well as the brain stem syndromes (formation of pathological systems, reciprocal relations between intact and destroyed brain stem structures) and diencephalic-subcortical syndromes were considered.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Increased dispersion of refractoriness in patients with atrial fibrillation in the early postoperative period after coronary artery bypass grafting.

INTRODUCTION: Increased atrial effective refractory period (AERP) dispersion is well correlated with vulnerability to atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the preoperative electrophysiologic characteristics of atrial abnormalities that may play an important role in the development of AF postoperatively in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have not been investigated in detail. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent CABG were enrolled in this study. Eighteen patients (14 men and 4 women; mean age 57.7 +/- 5.2 years) with AF in the early postoperative period and 38 patients (28 men and 10 women; mean age 56.3 +/- 6.4 years) without AF were compared with regard to preoperative clinical, echocardiographic, angiographic, and electrophysiologic parameters. Preoperative PA interval and AERP dispersion values were higher (P < 0.05) in patients who developed AF in the early postoperative period. PA interval (P < 0.05, odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.17-2.30), AERP in the high right atrium (AERP(HRA); P < 0.05, odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.97), AERP in the right posterolateral atrium (AERP(RPL); P < 0.05, odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.63-0.98), AERP in the distal coronary sinus (AERP(DCS); P < 0.05, odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.74-1.02), and AERP dispersion (P < 0.001, odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.47) were independently related to post-CABG AF in univariate analysis. Increases in preoperative PA interval and AERP dispersion were found to be associated with a high risk for development of post-CABG AF. CONCLUSION: AERP dispersion is a suitable electrophysiologic indicator for atrial vulnerability. The presence of increased preoperative AERP dispersion and PA interval may indicate patients at high risk for development of AF in the early postoperative period after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Atrial Fibrillation↗

PubMed2004

[The course of the nearest and long-term postoperative periods in children operated on the injured spleen].

The course of the nearest postoperative period was studied in 56 children operated on for closed injury of the spleen. Spleenectomy was performed in 17 (30.3%) patients, in 39 (69.6%) patients spleenectomy was supplemented with autolientransplantation. In the nearest postoperative period after spleenectomy complications were noted in 3 (5.3%) cases, lethal outcome took place in 1 case (1.7%). Long-term results of treatment were analyzed in 56 children: in 17 of them spleenectomy had been performed, in 39--spleenectomy with autolientransplantation. The results of the investigation have shown that the greatest number of complications took place in the group of patients after spleenectomy (48), while after autolientransplantation there were only 13. The complications were mainly due to reduced immune resistance of organism.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The surfactant system of the lungs in the postoperative period].

Pulmonary surfactant has been investigated in the postoperative period in 68 patients. Acute postoperative respiratory failure develops in patients with marked disturbances of respiratory mechanics. In patients with shock changes in surface-active substances develop on the 2nd-5th day after its onset.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The mechanical properties of the lungs in patients with congenital heart defects in the immediate postoperative period].

Static compliance and inspiratory resistance were assessed in 218 patients aged over 3 years after open-heart surgery for correction of congenital heart disease during the immediate postoperative period without complications. Cst in the immediate postoperative period in patients with Fallot's tetralogy, intraventricular septum defect, intraatrial septum defect, and incomplete form of atrioventricular communication was higher than in patients operated on for Fallot's tetralogy with a previous systemic-pulmonary anastomosis and pulmonary artery atresia, whereas Rinsp was virtually the same in all groups. Age-specific differences were noted. The data are recommended for use as reference values in stress.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A method for determining the body water compartments in patients with mechanical jaundice in the preoperative and postoperative periods].

Literature data concerning the techniques of body fluid determination in patients with mechanical jaundice in the pre- and postoperative periods have been briefly reviewed. A well-known technique of determining total, extra- and intracellular body fluid using urea, sodium rodonate and I13-albumin has been modified. The possibility of one-time determination of body fluids and the results of the author's studies are presented. It has been established that the preoperative period in patients with mechanical jaundice is characterized by considerable disturbances in fluid balance due mainly to total and extracellular body fluid; in the most severe cases there are changes in intracellular space volume. It has been established that upon correcting infusion therapy positive changes are observed on the second or third day of the postoperative period.

Blood Volume↗

PubMed2005

Is intraocular pressure in the early postoperative period predictive of antimetabolite-augmented filtration surgery success?

PURPOSE: To determine whether intraocular pressure (IOP) in the early postoperative period after trabeculectomy or combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy, augmented with antimetabolite, correlates with IOP at one year in surgeries considered to be successful at that time point. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: A chart review of antimetabolite-augmented surgical procedures done by DJG and JBS between January 1994 and November 2000 identified 82 primary or secondary trabeculectomies and 53 combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomies with at least one year of follow-up. The success rate for each surgical subgroup was calculated and IOP on postoperative days (POD +/- SD) 1, 7 (+/-2), 30 (+/-5), 90 (+/-10), and 180 (+/-20) was correlated with IOP at one year (POY 1, between month 12 and 15) using linear regression. IOP at each time point was compared among eyes that achieved success at one year with and without the use of IOP-lowering agents. RESULTS: Of the 82 eyes having undergone antimetabolite-augmented trabeculectomies and the 53 eyes having undergone combined surgeries with at least one year of follow-up, the surgical success rates at POY 1 were 87.8% (72 of 82 eyes) and 92.5% (49 of 53 eyes). Of these, 42 eyes (58.3%) from 39 patients in the trabeculectomy group and 27 eyes (55.1%) from 24 patients in the combined surgery group did not require glaucoma medications at one year postsurgically, and were considered complete surgical successes. Mean preoperative IOP mm Hg +/- SD was 26.0 +/- 8.5 for the trabeculectomy group and 18.2 +/- 4.5 for the phaco-trabeculectomy group. Postoperative IOP at POD 1, POD 7, POD 30, POD 90, POD 180, and POY 1 respectively for the eyes undergoing trabeculectomy were 13.9 +/- 10.4, 9.5 +/- 6.2, 12.0 +/- 5.5, 12.0 +/- 5.2, 12.8 +/- 5.9, and 12.1 +/- 4.3, and for the combined surgery group were 20.8 +/- 12.5, 9.7 +/- 5.7, 12.2 +/- 5.4, 11.1 +/- 3.4, 11.6 +/- 4.6, and 10.3 +/- 4.3. Intraocular pressure on postoperative day one correlated poorly with intraocular pressure at POY 1 for the trabeculectomy group (R2 = 0.0788), and not at all for the combined procedures group (R2 = 0.018). The correlation was slightly better for intraocular pressure at postoperative day 90 for the trabeculectomy group (R2 = 0.546), and at postoperative day 180 for the combined group (R2 = 0.37), but still rather low. Eyes requiring glaucoma medication use at POY 1 in the trabeculectomy group had higher (P < 0.009) intraocular pressure at POD 30 and at all subsequent visits than eyes not requiring these medications. Eyes requiring glaucoma medication use at POY 1 in the phaco-trabeculectomy group had higher (P < 0.0025) intraocular pressure at POD 30, POD 180, and POY 1 than eyes not requiring these medications. CONCLUSION: Intraocular pressure in the early postoperative period correlates very poorly with intraocular pressure one year after successful antimetabolite-augmented trabeculectomy or combined cataract extraction and trabeculectomy. Starting one month after glaucoma surgery, intraocular pressure is substantially lower in eyes that will ultimately not require the use of ocular hypotensive agents to achieve clinical success one year postoperatively.

Aged↗

PubMed1981

[Tramadol during the postoperative period].

The effect of tramadol, a new synthetic opioid, on respiration and circulation was examined in 42 patients during the postoperative period after upper abdominal surgery. Pulmonary disorders were present in some patients. Tramadol did not affect the haemodynamic parameters; but the tidal volume increased and the respiratory rate fell. Forced vital capacity, which was reduced after the operation, increased, possibly due to the analgesic effect of tramadol. The drug appears to be a suitable choice during the postoperative period, especially in patients with pulmonary disorders.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Energy metabolism during intensive care of children in the early postoperative period].

Energy metabolism have been investigated using indirect calorimetry technique combined with determination of daily nitrogen excretion with urine, in the early postoperative period in children, aged 4 to 14 years after thoracic surgery. No significant increase in total energy expenditure in the earliest postoperative period have been observed. The changes were associated predominantly with the structure of energy expenditure and were most vividly manifested in younger children aged 4 to 8 years.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Basal cortisol and ACTH in the immediate postoperative period in ACTH-producing hypophyseal adenomas].

BACKGROUND: Evaluate the usefulness of basal cortisol and ACTH during the immediate postoperative period following hypophyseal surgery, as early indicators of remission in patients with Cushing's disease. METHODS: Nine patients with Cushing's disease and on whom selective transphenoidal adenomectomy was performed were included in the study. Basal cortisol and ACTH levels were compared the first week after surgery, with definitive results being obtained after a month's time during which basal cortisol levels below 165 nmol/l indicated patients cured of Cushing's disease. RESULTS: Cortisol levels determined post-op, in five patients in remission, were found to be lower than those in patients who were not cured (63 +/- 55.8 versus 606 +/- 267 nmol/l, p < 0.01). However, ACTH levels were not lower. All the patients in remission had initial cortisol levels lower than 182 nmol/l, whereas the uncured patients had levels higher than 404 nmol/l. There was a correlation between cortisol measured in the first week and the definitive value (r = 0.81, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Cortisol in the immediate postoperative period following hypophyseal surgery is a good indicator of definitive adrenocorticotropic function and permits the identification of those patients in remission.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1992

[Hemostatic changes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the postoperative period in relation to the volume of surgical blood loss].

Hemocoagulation changes were studied in 71 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the postoperative period. Red blood parameters and graphic coagulogram were determined. A moderate hypercoagulation syndrome was found in patients with operative blood loss of 500 g in the early and immediate postoperative period. With a rise in the operative blood loss volume and hemodilution degree changes appeared indicating a tendency to hypocoagulation shifts. In patients having moderate blood loss (501-1500 g) the hypocoagulation syndrome was associated with dilution coagulopathy. In larger blood loss (over 1500 g) the hypocoagulation syndrome was aggravated both by hemodilution coagulopathy and the expenditure of blood coagulation factors with the increase in fibrinolytic blood activity. These cases require therapy aimed at the prevention and management of arising hemocoagulation disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Nursing diagnoses of patients in immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the nursing diagnoses for patients in the immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We elaborated and validated an instrument for data collection and registration. Fifteen 15 adult patients were evaluated in the immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, four men and 11 women, with average age of 45 years. Identified nursing diagnoses were: Impaired Skin Integrity (100%), Risk for Infection (100%), Sensory/Perceptual Alterations (100%), Risk for aspiration (100%), Risk for Ineffective Breathing Pattern (80%), Hypothermia (60%), Risk for Altered Body Temperature (40%), Altered nutrition: more than body requirements (33,3%) and Acute pain (26,7%). All patients were admitted in ambulatory regimen and were discharged from Post anesthesia Care Unit, still presenting the nursing diagnoses of Impaired Skin Integrity and Risk for infection.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Low oxygen saturation during early postoperative period in adult patients receiving opioids by intravenous patient-controlled analgesia].

BACKGROUND: Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) provides effective postoperative analgesia. However, there are few reports concerning the adverse outcome of respiratory depression. METHODS: We measured arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) continuously during early postoperative period in 38 adult patients receiving opioids by intravenous PCA. We assessed the severity and incidence of desaturation, defined as SpO2 below 90% for more than 10 seconds. RESULTS: Nine patients showed desaturation and were studied after the surgery of the extremities, body surfaces, thorax or abdomen. Two patients showed desaturation with combination of surgery of long duration and obesity. Six patients, all of whom with liver cirrhosis, underwent thoracic and abdominal procedures, and showed desaturation because of respiratory dysfunction and hypoxemia caused by the surgery itself. One patient showed respiratory depression due to the opioids. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that careful monitoring with a pulse oximeter and giving oxygen are essential to prevent desaturation during early postoperative period.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Effect of enterally administrated oxygenated water on electrical activity of the small intestine in early postoperative period in rats].

The effect of oxygen, structurally-binded with water (oxygen water), on electrical activity of rat jejunum in early postoperative period. It was shown, that in contrast to effect of 0.9% NaCl, there is normalization of electrical activity parameters (frequency and slow wave amplitude) of jejunum in early postoperative period under the influence of oxygen water.

Action Potentials↗