PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Recruitment Detection, Audiologic”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of normal-hearing carriers of the gene for the autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hearing loss.

Normal-hearing carriers of genes for autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hypacusis can apparently be detected in families where this hearing disorder appears. In a group of 32 persons from four families, 13 carriers of the gene with subjectively good hearing and normal audiometric curves were found. Due to the pathologically elevated threshold of stapedial reflexes and in some cases to the presence of positive recruitment, these 13 persons fit in the clinical concept of an incipient disease. Beside these subclinical aberrations, the audiometric examination revealed a moderate to severe sensorineural hypacusis in 17 persons with already developed hearing impairment. Careful examinations with suprathreshold tests may enable us to detect carriers of the gene for autosomal dominant progressive sensorineural hypacusis; this circumstance can be utilized for establishing prognoses with respect to hearing function in the affected families.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The loudness of tinnitus.

Although tinnitus causes considerable suffering to many patients, its loudness is small in most cases. Traditionally the loudness is measured with a binaural loudness balance procedure. It is stated that when there is recruitment in the ear to which the test tone is presented, the intensity of the test tone is smaller than its loudness. Therefore in the case of recruitment in the ear to which the test tone is presented, the loudness of tinnitus will be underestimated. In this study the loudness in a group with recruitment in the ear to which the test tone was presented was compared with the loudness in a group with a normal ear to which the test tone was presented. The present results show that although recruitment does have a certain effect, it is very small.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss (rapid deafness).

28 ears of 28 patients, aged 15 to 60 years, whose sensorineural hearing loss had developed over a period of a few hours to 3 days, were defined as having rapidly progressing sensorineural hearing loss (rapid deafness), in comparison with so-called sudden deafness with instantaneous onset. For other criteria, their hearing loss was idiopathic and the rate of hearing loss was confirmed by reliable means. The rate was greatest within the first 1-3 days. Of the 28 patients, 12 (43%) recovered completely, while another 12 improved markedly. The prognosis in rapid deafness was relatively good, but the recovery time was longer than in spontaneously healing sudden deafness. Sensorineural hearing loss in contralateral ears more often preceded rapid deafness (9 cases, 32%). No clear-cut difference could be found between rapid deafness and sudden deafness.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cross-modal matching of loudness and brightness as a recruitment test for hearing-impaired children.

Normal 5-year-olds have been reported to be able, in a simple game situation, to match brightness to loudness in the same way as a control group of adults. This study investigated supplanting the normal ear in an alternate binaural loudness balance test (ABLB) with the visual modality, as a recruitment test designed especially for bilaterally hearing-impaired children. The results of normal 10-year-olds, with simulated hearing losses, suggest that category scaling was adopted naturally as a simplifying strategy in preference to ratio scaling (absolute judgements). No proportional increase in the matching function slope was evident, despite the amount of recruitment measured with an ABLB. The instructions needed to combat this strategy render the test unfeasible with hearing-impaired children.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Critical bandwidth in Menière's disease.

The critical bandwidth in loudness summation was estimated in 20 patients with typical Menière's disease using noise bands centered around 1 kHz. A reduction of the normal loudness difference between broad-band noise and narrow-band noise was present at all except the highest levels. Judged individually, 7 of the 20 patients appeared to have a widened critical band, but in the pooled data the size of the critical band was normal. This was the case in patients with a hearing loss less than 50 dB HL as well as in patients with a hearing loss greater than or equal to 50 dB HL. Expressed in terms of the critical band mechanism as an internal filter system, the single filter appears to have normal bandwidth but the interaction between adjacent filters is defective. The anatomical localisation of this interaction is discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1980

Significance of the SISI test and its relation to recruitment.

The aim of the present article is to reconsider critically some arguments currently used to support the significance of the SISI test. The first topic discussed is the possible relationship between a positive SISI result (i.e. a small difference limen for intensity) and the presence of recruitment. It is concluded that there is no relationship between these via the loudness function. The second topic concerns some statistical factors which have a bearing on the utility of the SISI test. It is argued that the significance of the SISI test may be largely determined by the prevalence rates of cochlear and retrocochlear disorders.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Verification of the air-bone gap using cancellation and evoked responses.

Using the cancellation method as well as evoked responses, we investigated their application in the estimation of the air-bone gap in patients undergoing operation on middle ear structures. The cancellation method had a closer relationship with pure-tone audiometry than evoked responses in predicting the air-bone gap. This was caused by recruitment, by which the cancellation method was not affected. The results of brainstem-evoked responses to bone and air conduction signals showed therefore an underestimation in the prediction of the air-bone gap. Combining the cancellation method with evoked responses elicited to air conduction signals permitted the estimation of the cochlear reserve without the need of threshold measurement by bone conduction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Critical bandwidth in patients with acoustic neuroma.

Eleven patients with verified acoustic neuroma had critical band estimation performed by the method of loudness summation using noise bands centered around 1 kHz. The normal loudness difference between broad band noise and narrow band noise was reduced at all levels except the highest. Judged as single individuals, 9 of the 11 patients had a normal critical band. The pooled data indicated a normal critical band, both in patients with hearing loss less than 50 dB HL and in patients with hearing loss greater than or equal to 50 dB HL. The results are similar to those obtained in patients with Ménière's disease (Bonding, 1978c) and thus CB-measurements cannot be utilized for differentiating between cochlear and retrocochlear lesions. However, at the highest test levels applied the loudness difference between broad band noise and narrow band noise appeared to have some correlation to the presence or absence of recruitment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Critical bandwidth in presbycusis.

Twenty patients with presbycusis and a rather flat audiometric pattern had critical band estimation performed by the method of loudness summation, using noise bands centred around 1 kHz. The pooled data indicated a normal critical band both in patients with a hearing loss less than 50 dB HL and in patients with a hearing loss greater than or equal to 50 dB HL. The normal loudness difference between broad band and narrow band noise was reduced at all levels except the highest, giving rise to very flat CB functions. This reduction was more pronounced at the highest test levels in recruiting ears than in non-recruiting ears. A theory is suggested for parts of the anatomical and physiological correlate of the empirical phenomenon, the critical band.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

Response factors in the choice of reference ear in ABLB.

Response patterns and the limits of loudness judgement accuracy were explored in a clinical presentation of the alternate binaural loudness balance (ABLB) procedure, and compared across the two methodological alternatives of using the better or poorer ear as reference ear. It was found: 1) that in the range of judgement uncertainty, responses were strongly influenced by stimulus presentation order; 2) that the magnitude of the range of uncertainty was similar across both methodologies. A suggested clinical procedure which controls for these effects is presented as an Appendix.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1979

Critical bandwidth in loudness summation in sensorineural hearing loss.

Critical band estimation was performed in thirty-three patients with sensorineural hearing loss by the method of loudness summation, using noise bands centred around 1 kHZ. In 17 patients the hearing loss was of hereditary origin, in 16 patients of various, mostly unknown, origin. The normal loudness difference between broad band noise and narrow band noise decreased with increasing hearing loss, most pronounced in recruiting ears. Judged individually, 1/3 of the patients appeared to have a widened critical band, but several biases appeared to be responsible for these results. The pooled data indicated a normal critical band, both in patients with hearing losses less than 50 dB HL and in patients with hearing losses greater than or equal to 50 dB HL. Based on this finding, the validity of the critical band as a measure of the frequency selectivity of the ear is discussed and a theory is proposed for the anatomical and functional correlate of the critical band in loudness summation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of interaural intensity differences on binaural summation of brainstem auditory-evoked potentials.

With binaural stimulation the two specific parameters that can modify the neural responses substantially are the intensity differences and the time of arrival of the stimulus at the two ears; these events on electrophysiological evidence, being mediated at the superior olivary complex and at the inferior colliculus, the origins of Waves III and V respectively. Comparison of the brainstem auditory-evoked potentials to monaural stimulation with that due to binaural stimulation reveals a significant increase only in the amplitude of Wave V. The amount of increase is reduced from 68.7% with equal intensities at the two ears to 44% with a 10-dB interaural intensity difference. With a 20-dB interaural intensity difference the amplitude of Wave V reverts to that due to monaural stimulation. The 68.7% greater amplitude for Wave V was not due to effective increase in loudness sensation on binaural stimulation (which is equivalent to a monaural increase in intensity of 3 dB) but to binaural summation. In contrast to Wave V, Wave III decreased in amplitude below that resulting from monaural stimulation with intensity differences of 10 and 20 dB at the two ears. This supports the suggestion of inhibitory processes at that level of the brainstem. As only Wave V shows binaural summation the region of inferior colliculus is suggested as the site for the occurrence of this phenomenon. Binaural interaction can also be demonstrated within a limited range with intensity differences at the two ears.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1981

Magnitude estimates of loudness adaption at 60 dB SPL.

Previous reports indicate that adaptation measured by the technique of successive magnitude estimations is not found above 30 dB SL (Fishken et al., 1977; and others). Although the present study confirmed this finding at 60 dB SPL for the original procedure, it was found that a modification of the magnitude estimation procedure resulted in significant loudness adaptation at this intensity. Introduction of a 20-dB increment for 5 s, every 30 s, resulted in a marked and statistically significant decline in successive loudness judgements of the 60-dB tone. In addition, the decline in reported loudness magnitude was cumulative and progressive throughout the 7-min duration of the monaural stimulus. This is typical of classical results found with simultaneous dichotic loudness balances.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of measures of frequency resolution and recruitment in patients undergoing neuro-otological investigation.

Loudness recruitment and reduced frequency resolution both occur in cochlear types of hearing loss. One theory of loudness recruitment suggests that, as intensity is coded partly by spread of excitation across the nerve fibre array, recruitment is a direct consequence of the broad spread of excitation associated with poor frequency resolution. The present study investigated the relationship between these two quantities. The study involved a simple measure of frequency resolution (three-point psychoacoustical tuning curve, PTC) and conventional measures of recruitment obtained from patients undergoing neuro-otological investigation. Results from 376 ears of 226 patients without any material conductive impairment are presented. Measures of recruitment included the alternate binaural loudness balance test (ABLB) and estimates of dynamic range given by the sensation levels of the uncomfortable loudness level and the acoustic reflex threshold. Once covariation with hearing threshold level had been accounted for, no clear relationship emerged between frequency resolution and any of the measures of recruitment. This finding does not support the notion that frequency resolution and recruitment are specifically related. Rather, PTCs provide information complementary to measures of recruitment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Visual influences on auditory pluck and bow judgments.

In the McGurk effect, visual information specifying a speaker's articulatory movements can influence auditory judgments of speech. In the present study, we attempted to find an analogue of the McGurk effect by using nonspeech stimuli--the discrepant audiovisual tokens of plucks and bows on a cello. The results of an initial experiment revealed that subjects' auditory judgments were influenced significantly by the visual pluck and bow stimuli. However, a second experiment in which speech syllables were used demonstrated that the visual influence on consonants was significantly greater than the visual influence observed for pluck-bow stimuli. This result could be interpreted to suggest that the nonspeech visual influence was not a true McGurk effect. In a third experiment, visual stimuli consisting of the words pluck and bow were found to have no influence over auditory pluck and bow judgments. This result could suggest that the nonspeech effects found in Experiment 1 were based on the audio and visual information's having an ostensive lawful relation to the specified event. These results are discussed in terms of motor-theory, ecological, and FLMP approaches to speech perception.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2005

Estimates of loudness, loudness discomfort, and the auditory dynamic range: normative estimates, comparison of procedures, and test-retest reliability.

The purpose of this series of experiments was to establish normative reference values for absolute and relative judgements of loudness discomfort and for the auditory dynamic range (DR), and to evaluate intersubject variability and intra-subject test-retest reliability for the respective measures of loudness discomfort. To establish the normal auditory DR, audiometric thresholds and loudness discomfort levels (LDLs) were measured from a group of 59 normal-hearing adults without sound tolerance problems. The resulting estimates of the LDL and DR were on the order of 100 dB HL and 95 dB, respectively. A subset (n = 18) of this larger group participated in further studies in which loudness growth functions and the upper limit of the auditory DR were measured by categorical scaling judgments. The findings revealed no significant differences between the test methods for absolute (LDL) and relative (categorical scaling) judgements of loudness discomfort, intersubject variability, or intrasubject test-retest reliability, and suggest that the simple LDL estimate of loudness discomfort is an efficient and valid clinical measure for characterizing the "threshold of discomfort."

Adult↗