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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

An enzymologic study of corpora lutea in early pregnant rats treated with abortifacient agents.

Luteal metabolism was investigated in corpora lutea of early pregnant rats treated with four abortifacient agents. In corpora lutea of rats treated with prostaglandin F2alpha or of rats 1 day postpartum, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity increased 140 to 170% and 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20alpha-HSD) was activated to significantly high levels, whereas malic enzyme activity decreased to 29% of control values. In aminoglutethimide-treated rats, the activities of G6PDH and malic enzyme decreased, while 20alpha-HSD activity was maintained at a very low level. With the increased dose, complete abortion was observed. In corpora lutea of these aborted rats, 20alpha-HSD was activated moderately and G6PDH values were slightly higher than control values, whereas malic enzyme activity fell to lower levels. All rats treated with clomiphene citrate aborted within 63 hours after the last injection. The activities of G6PDH, malic enzyme, and ATP citrate lyase in these corpora lutea decreased to 66, 68, and 72% of control levels, respectively; 20alpha-HSD activity was maintained at a very low level, and activities of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate kinase were not appreciably altered. These findings indicated that, at the beginning of luteolysis and fetal resorption, the activities of steroidogenic enzymes decreased and 20alpha-HSD was not yet activated. Therefore, we could gauge the early changes of luteolysis by measuring the activities of G6PDH, MALIC ENZYME, AND ATP citrate lyase as well as 20alpha-HSD.

ATP Citrate (pro-S)-Lyase↗
PubMed1982

Menorrhagia associated with the wearing of IUD--the results of treatment with clomiphene citrate.

The influence of clomiphene citrate was tested in 206 women suffering from menorrhagia following the insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD). Eighty-three percent felt relief during the therapy, 10% did not benefit and 7% complained of a worsening of their symptoms. Among the women who felt an improvement, 85% responded to the 250 mg/cycle dosage, and 15% required the 350 mg/cycle dosage. Women with shortened menstrual cycles required the higher dose treatment, i.e. 350 mg, compared with women with normal cycles (36% vs. 28%, respectively). The influence of placebo was 6%. The hypothesis is raised that the mechanism of action of clomiphene citrate is the correction of the hormonal disturbances in the luteal phase of the cycle following insertion of the IUD.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1982

Gossypol as oral contraceptive for male: trial case report.

Gossypol has been used as oral contraceptive for man in People's Republic of China. There are also some reports of studies in which gossypol acetic acid is used in animal experiments. In this study we used tablet preparation of gossypol, which is actually used as oral contraceptive for male in People's Republic of China, on a volunteer. The administration of 20 mg/day gossypol tablets for 19 days resulted in a tendency of decreasing sperm density and total sperm count, but had no effect on serum LH, FSH, PRL or testosterone. Furthermore, the volunteer had no complaints of side effects and his general laboratory findings were normal. Ten days after the termination of gossypol administration, sperm density returned to its preadministrative level. Our study suggests gossypol may be effective as a male oral contraceptive with no acute side effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of the beta-Neocept test for early pregnancy.

We tested the validity of the beta-Neocept test for early pregnancy against that of the plasma human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit radioimmunoassay (beta-HCG RIA). The beta-Neocept test had a sensitivity of 88%, a specificity of 93%, a positive predictive value of 95%, a negative predictive value of 84% and an accuracy of 90%. In view of these performance characteristics, its low cost and its ease of use, the beta-Neocept test could be used as the initial pregnancy test when there is a high probability of pregnancy, as there was in this study population, which consisted of 111 women attending endocrine infertility clinics. The more expensive beta-HCG RIA could be reserved for special indications and for patients in whom the results of the urinary hemagglutination inhibition tests are inconsistent with the clinical signs and symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Combined intra-uterine and ectopic pregnancy following the treatment with clomiphen (author's transl)].

Report on a case of combined pregnancy in a 25 year old patient who was treated with Clomiphen for anovulatory cycles. The left tubal pregnancy was removed at 12 weeks gestation. The intra-uterine pregnancy resulted in a term delivery of a 3 kg. 670 g. normal infant. Combined pregnancies rarely occur without treatment with ovulation inducing agents by superfecundation and superfetation. Ovulation inducing agents increase the theoretical possibility of combined pregnancy. Obstetricians should be alert to the possibility of combined pregnancy following induction of ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Inadequate cervical mucus--a cause of "idiopathic" infertility.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and treat a group of patients referred for "idiopathic" infertility in whom no apparent cause for infertility, apart from inadequate cervical mucus, was found. Hormone investigations revealed that these patients could be divided into two groups: those with low sex steroid profiles despite apparent ovulation, and a second group with normal sex steroid profiles. All patients were treated with ovulation-inducing agents in an attempt to produce "controlled" ovarian hyperstimulation and an improved cervical mucus. Four of six patients conceived. The rationale behind the use of ovulation-inducing agents in this situation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Male contraception.

To share contraceptive measures between partners is a goal which should be reached in the future. The possibilities on the male side are still limited in comparison with the techniques available for women. During the last 20 years many efforts have been undertaken to study and evaluate possible methods for fertility control in the male, based on interaction with the hormonal axis, sperm maturation and sperm transport. The requirements for such a method in the male are the same as in female: high efficacy, little or almost no side-effects, high practicability and compliance and the possibility for easy reversibility in a high percentage of men. Despite their increasing acceptability worldwide, the existing male methods, condom and vasectomy, do not fully meet these requirements and therefore a search for alternative male methods is warranted. At present, the following medical approaches to male fertility control have been tested or are under consideration: (i) selective inhibition of FSH: antibodies, inhibin; (ii) inhibition of pituitary-gonadal axis: steroids such as testosterone, progestin-testosterone combinations, LHRH analogues with and without testosterone substitution; and (iii) selective inhibition of spermatogenesis by gossypol, a phenolic compound from cotton plant. Whether one of these methods will reach the desired goal for male fertility control has yet to be determined.

Contraception↗
PubMed1980

Therapeutic effect of tamoxifen related to estrogen receptor level.

Cytoplasmic oestrogen receptor (ER) determinations were performed in 59 postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer. Fifty percent of the patients were found to be ER+. Forty patients were treated with tamoxifen (TAM) and 19 patients were treated with tamoxifen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The response rate of TAM-treated patients was 30% (12/40). Of the 21 ER+ patients, ten (48%) responded to therapy. The ER values of these patients were significantly higher than the ER values of nonresponders (P less than 0.01). No correlation could be found between the ER value and the duration of remission in TAM-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes in relative fatty acid composition of serum lecithin and cholesterol ester after treatment with two gonane progestins administered alone and in combination with ethinyl estradiol.

Twenty women, oophorectomized as part of treatment for cervical carcinoma of the cervix participated in the study. Ten of them were given desogestrel (DG) 150 micrograms/day for 3 weeks followed by DG + 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol (EE) for 6 weeks, and finally EE alone for 3 weeks. The other 10 women were given 150 micrograms levonorgestrel (NORG) and EE in a similar way. Before treatment and after each period of treatment the relative fatty acid composition of serum lecithin and serum cholesterol ester were assessed by gas-liquid chromatography. In both groups ethinyl estradiol, when administered alone, increased arachidonic acid in serum lecithin. This increase was not observed on the DG + EE or the NORG + EE combination indicating that both progestins counteracted this estrogenic effect.

Adult↗