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PubMed1999

Respiratory function testing in early childhood: where have we come from and where are we going?

After an initially slow beginning, we are currently witnessing something of a revolution in the field of respiratory function testing during early childhood, both with respect to the number of techniques available and the applications to which they are being put. There is now an urgent need for international, collaborative efforts to develop more objective, standardized methods of assessment (including improved, properly validated equipment and software) and reliable reference data for this age group. This would improve our understanding of exactly what these tests are measuring, and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic and preventive strategies to minimize suffering from respiratory illness not only during early childhood but, hopefully, throughout life.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications of surgery in the treatment of lung cancer: their relationship with the extent of resection and preoperative respiratory function tests.

We reviewed our experience with the surgical treatment of lung cancer, in order to investigate if the extent of the pulmonary resection and preoperative respiratory function tests correlate with the frequency of postoperative complications. The records of 292 patients who underwent lobectomy and of 64 who had pneumonectomy were analyzed. Postoperative complications developed in 148 patients. The incidence of bronchopleural fistula and cardiac rhythm disturbances was significantly higher after pneumonectomy than after lobectomy. A significant relationship was found between the preoperative ventilatory function tests and the postoperative frequency of intrapleural air spaces or atelectasis. The 30 day operative mortality was significantly related to the extent of the resection; postoperative deaths due to cardiorespiratory insufficiency were also associated to the severity of the obstructive pulmonary disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Right heart haemodynamic values and respiratory function test parameters in chronic smokers.

During coronary angiography in 24 chronic smokers with coronary heart disease, cardiac function measurements were taken and correlated with respiratory function tests. Fourteen patients had evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cardiac output had a direct correlation with vital capacity, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and velocity at 25% of FVC (V(max)25). Pulmonary artery resistance was inversely correlated with FEV1/FVC, while pulmonary artery oxygen saturation weakly correlated with FEV1 and V(max)25. The pulmonary artery pressure had a weak correlation with the pulmonary artery resistance and an intermediate correlation with the right atrium and the right ventricular pressures. Early diagnosis and therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in smokers may be possible without using invasive methods.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between respiratory function tests and evolution time in asthmatic patients.

A transversal and prospective study was performed to demonstrate a relationship between the evolution time of asthma episodes and alterations observed in the respiratory function tests (RFT) during asymptomatic periods. Asthmatic patients (n = 80) of both sexes, were studied, we investigated the evolution time of the asthmatic episodes and performed RFTs in the patients during their asymptomatic periods. Respiratory patterns were classified as normal, obstructive, or mixed (obstructive-restrictive), and a Spearman correlation test was performed. Twenty nine patients were male and fifty one female. All were between 5 and 49 years of age. Of the total number of patients, 13.7% fell into a normal pattern, 57.5% into an obstructive pattern and 28.7% in a mixed pattern. In the groups showing the shortest evolution time, the obstructive pattern was more common (75% of patients with less than 5 years of evolution time and 53.8% with an evolution time between five and ten years). The mixed pattern was more common in patients with more years suffering asthma (16.6% in the group of patients having 5 or less years of evolution and 50% in the group with more than 20 years). We found a Spearman value of 0.7, and we can conclude that there is more pulmonary damage associated to a longer evolution period of bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational respiratory function testing--an algorithmic approach.

Pulmonary function testing is an essential component of many occupational respiratory programs. Testing is performed for several different reasons. Proper selection of tests depends on whether they are used for screening a healthy population, establishment of a clinical diagnosis in a specific individual, or determination of work ability or disability. There are many pulmonary conditions and relevant exposures. The appropriate tests should be chosen based on the specific situation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

[Respiratory function test, a key in the etiologic diagnosis of dyspnea or a simple quantitative test?].

When confronted with a case of dyspnoea, three questions must be asked: is the dyspnoea due to a pulmonary organic disease? How severe is it? What is its nature or its origin? In the majority of cases these questions are answered by elementary lung function tests (spirometry and measurement of the residual volume), but for these answers to be valid it must be borne in mind that respiratory function test (RFT) is primarily a physical exercise: no measurement is valid unless the operator is fully involved and the subject explored participates to the best of his possibilities. RFT also is a mental exercise: the data obtained can be well understood only if the operator is conversant with the data described in this article. RFT has multiple applications, and yet this examination is notoriously underestimated and underused by the medical profession. Good practice is its best publicity.

Dyspnea↗