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PubMed1991

Laboratory investigation, genetics, and experimental models in sarcomas.

The sarcomas, particularly those of soft-tissue origin, pose substantial diagnostic challenges for the clinician and pathologist. Several small round cell sarcomas, including Ewing's sarcoma, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, can be difficult to distinguish from one another. These same sarcomas can be difficult to distinguish from other small round cell tumors, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and neuroblastoma. Spindle cell sarcomas, including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, synovial sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma, present similar diagnostic challenges. This review discusses 1) recent advances in immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and cytogenetics that enable a specific diagnosis in virtually all sarcoma cases; 2) cell biology and oncogenetic implications of novel morphologic and genetic findings in sarcomas; and 3) clinical implications of the recent characterization of several family cancer syndrome genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Non-invasive investigations of the growth kinetics of a solid experimental tumor (sarcoma-180).

The investigations reported were performed to test applicability of non-invasive methods for the measurement of the parameters determining the growth of a solid experimental tumor and to measure these data for the tumor system sarcoma-180/NMRI-mice. It could be shown that non-invasive methods can be used for the measurement of tumor growth, especially the fraction of proliferating cells (growth fraction) which is of special importance for tumor therapy. For the tumor system under investigation, the growth is completely determined by an exponential decrease of the growth fraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Immunology of sarcomas.

Tumor antigens have now been demonstrated for most experimentally induced tumors by in vivo transplantation techniques, but the demonstration of antigens unique to human tumors has depended on in vitro methods. We have reviewed 1) the evidence that experimental sarcomas express tumor-specific transplantation antigens and that responses against these antigens can be protective in vivo; 2) the in vitro evidence for the existence to antigens associated with sarcomas; and 3) the use of cell hybridization techniques to produce monoclonal antibody to define the distribution of cell surface antigens expressed by human sarcoma cells.

Animals↗