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PubMed2002

Comparison of two new rapid serology tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese patients.

BACKGROUND: Rapid serology test is a simple and convenient way for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. However performances of these tests are usually less satisfactory than expected, particularly in developing countries. AIM: To evaluate the performances of two newly developed rapid serology tests for Helicobacter pylori infection. PATIENTS: Consecutive Chinese dyspeptic patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS: Gastric biopsies were obtained from antrum and corpus for rapid urease test and histological examination. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection was based on two or more positive results in rapid urease test, histology and [13C] urea breath test. Patients' sera were tested against two rapid serology tests: ASSURE Hp Rapid Test (Genelabs Diagnostics, Singapore) and SureStep (Applied Biotech, San Diego, CA, USA). RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were evaluated and Helicobacter pylori infection was diagnosed in 78 (53%) patients by gold standard. The sensitivities of ASSURE Hp and SureStep were, respectively, 94% and 71% (p=0.0003). Specificities of the two test kits were both 90%. The overall accuracy of ASSURE Hp was significantly higher than SureStep (92% versus 80%, p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Both rapid serology tests appear to be specific in diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in the Chinese populations. However the ASSURE Hp test is more sensitive and accurate than the SureStep test.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The use of serologic tests for Lyme disease in a prepaid health plan in California.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reason(s) why serologic tests for Lyme disease are performed, who initiates the test requests, and how the test results are used in a clinical setting. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Prepaid health plan in northern California. PATIENTS: Consecutive sample of 117 patients for whom at least one serologic test for Lyme disease was performed during a 3-month period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reason for ordering and result of the serologic test, differential diagnoses, and treatment. RESULTS: One of 117 patients had antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. Fifty-six percent of test requests were initiated by the physician and 35% by the patient. Of 66 tests ordered by the physician, 20% were performed because of suspected early Lyme disease, 6% as follow-up of a tick bite, 2% to confirm a prior history of Lyme disease, 14% as a workup for arthritis, and 60% as one of a battery of laboratory tests for vague symptoms. Of 41 tests initiated by the patient, 51% were performed because of a history of a tick bite. The reasons for ordering 10 tests were undetermined. CONCLUSION: Only 19% of all serologic tests for Lyme disease were performed because the physician suspected Lyme disease in the patient. Particularly in light of the low probability of contracting Lyme disease in California, it appears that this serologic test is being overused. Indiscriminate testing increases health care costs and does not appear to affect treatment decisions. Education is needed regarding the limitations of this serologic test.

California↗
PubMed2006

Prospective study of a new serological test (ASSURE TB Rapid Test) for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively compare a rapid tuberculosis serological test, ASSURE TB Rapid Test, with traditional smear and culture methods for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). DESIGN: All consecutive in-patients aged > or = 18 years suspected of having active PTB and admitted between June 2001 and March 2003 were tested with three sputum samples for smear and culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and serology (done within 3 days). RESULTS: Of 238 patients initially enrolled (male: female 2.5:1, mean age 56.6 years), the final analysis included 216 patients. For the final diagnosis of PTB, the sensitivity and specificity of the serological test were respectively 60.2% (95%CI 50.5-69.1) and 82.3% (95%CI 74.2-88.2) compared to 53.4% (95%CI 43.8-62.7) and 98.2% (95%CI 93.8-99.5) for the smear test. A combination of smear and serology provided an increased sensitivity of 74.8% (95%CI 65.6-82.2), but a lower specificity of 80.5% (95%CI 72.3-86.8). CONCLUSION: The new serological test showed a moderate increase in sensitivity but a decrease in specificity compared to smear examination. The combination (smear + serology) test further increased the sensitivity while maintaining a moderate specificity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis--combined serological testing and classification of individual animals and herds.

Several serological tests for detection of antibodies to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis, which is the causative agent of Johne's disease are validated, some of which are available commercially. These tests differ in sensitivity and specificity. Test results reported to farmers or veterinarians are therefore dependent upon the test in use. In the present study, three commercially available tests are used to test 2748 bovine sera from 119 Bavarian herds serologically. Serological results are compared with individual animals and on herd level. A scheme for serological testing and classification of herds as well as of individual animals based on a combination of serological test results is proposed.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1956

Present status of serological tests for syphilis.

The authors first discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the various serological tests now in common use, or coming into use, for the detection and management of syphilis and also compare the different antigens used in those tests. They lay stress on the difficulties caused by the "unit" system of recording results, whereby identical findings with two or more tests may be given different numerical values for each test, and suggest that results should instead be given in dilution reactivity end-points (dils).False positive reactions to serological tests and discrepancies in the results of different tests are then considered; it is pointed out that these discrepancies may be due to causes in the patient himself, in transit, or in the testing laboratory.Finally, the authors consider that in view of the growing number of serological tests for syphilis, and of modifications to those tests, there is now a need for selecting, in different areas of the world, a certain number of procedures which can be standardized for routine testing. Regional serological evaluation studies can be used to this end. A brief outline is given of the United States Public Health Service programme to assist State laboratories to maintain a high level of efficiency in serological testing and thus to exert an influence on other laboratories within each State.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Serologic testing for sexually transmitted diseases.

This article addresses current issues regarding serologic testing for selected STDs, particularly those for which serologic testing has been useful for diagnosis, monitoring therapy, or seroepidemiology. For each selected pathogen, the authors discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the serologic tests as diagnostic assays, as measures of disease incidence and relevance, and as prospective markers identifying risk alterations in a given population. Also, for some conditions such as syphilis, the usefulness of serology as a measure of therapy or success of disease intervention is briefly outlined.

Chancroid↗
PubMed1979

Amebic liver abscess. Report of a case presenting with nonreactive serologic tests for Entamoeba histolytica.

We present a patient with an acute amebic liver abscess with nonreactive serologic tests. Motile hematophagous trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica were seen microscopically in scrapings from the wall of the abscess. Postoperative serologies revealed rapidly rising then falling titers by SAFA and IHA antibody assays. Serologic tests for amebiasis may be reative in greater than 95% of patients with invasive amebiasis. Nevertheless, a reactive serologic test should not be relied upon exclusively to establish the diagnosis. Sequential serologic testing and surgical intervention to obtain material for microscopic examination, gram stain and bacteriologic culture are warranted in patients with hepatic abscess and nonreactive serologic tests for antibodies to E. histolytica.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis on Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections by DNA-probe assay in comparison with serological tests].

To evaluate the usefulness of DNA diagnosis as a diagnostic approach to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, we compared the DNA-probe assay with serological tests in 32 patients who were clinically suspected of having Mycoplasma pneumonia. The DNA-probe assay was carried out using the Gen-probe kit. Serological tests included complement fixation and passive hemagglutination tests. At first visit 10 patients were positive for the DNA-probe assay, while only 2 of them were positive for serological tests. The other 3 patients became positive for serological tests during the clinical course. In accordance with clinical improvement, these patients became negative for the DNA-probe assay. Three patients were negative for DNA-probe assay while they were positive for the serological tests. However, these patients had already received antibiotics; therefore, their conditions were considered to have been improved at the time of the study. The other 19 patients were negative for both the DNA-probe assay and serological tests. These patients might have suffered from respiratory tract infections of pathogenic organisms other than M. pneumoniae or the number of M. pneumoniae might have been too small to be detected by the DNA-probe assay. The results of the present work demonstrate that the DNA-probe assay was valuable in the diagnosis of mycoplasmal infections at the early stage, which indicates that DNA diagnosis provides useful information to determine the most appropriate therapeutic regimen.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Diffusion in gel-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-a new serological test for leptospirosis.

A new serological test, diffusion in gel-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DIG-ELISA) was developed and compared with the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the serological diagnosis of leptospirosis. The results suggest that DIG-ELISA is a viable alternative to the MAT because of its simplicity, sensitivity, versatility and potential for standardisation.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed2006

An office-based serological test for detection of current Helicobacter pylori infection: is it useful?

OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of a new office-based serological test for the detection of current Helicobacter pylori infection with gastric histopathology. METHODS: An office-based serological test for detection of current H. pylori infection was performed in 92 consecutive patients with dyspeptic symptoms. The result of this test was compared blindly with the rapid urease test and histopathology for H. pylori on gastric biopsies. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of this test were calculated against the histopathology. RESULTS: Among 92 patients, H. pylori was detected by histopathology and rapid urease test in 61 (66%) and 56 (60%) patients, respectively. Meanwhile the serological test diagnosed current H. pylori infection in 55 patients (59%). On comparison against the histology, the sensitivity and specificity of this new serological test was 85 and 90%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of this test were 94 and 76%, and the accuracy was 87% in this study. CONCLUSION: The specificity and sensitivity of the serological test was found comparable with histopathology in the diagnosis of current H. pylori infection. This test is a useful tool for rapid diagnosis of H. pylori in out patients' setting.

Adult↗