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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Analysis of residual ridges and ridge relationship by three-dimensional reconstruction method.

The purpose of this study was to develop a diagnostic system with which to determine the adequate area for artificial tooth arrangement on the posterior residual ridge. Edentulous plaster models and occlusion rims were measured by a non-contact type shape measurement system. Three trigonal pyramids and their impressions on the occlusion rims were used as landmarks for the analysis and superimposition of the analysis results for the upper and lower ridges. The data points were obtained at intervals of 0.5 mm in the lateral direction and of 0.25 mm in the anteroposterior direction, and were interpolated by cubic spline curves in the lateral direction. When the ridge contour of the reconstructed image came in contact with the tangent line inclined at 30 degrees to the tentative plane of occlusion at the buccal and lingual sides in the frontal section, the area between their points of contact on both sides was comparatively flat and was regarded as adequate for the artificial posterior tooth arrangement in this study. This diagnostic system seems to be useful in determining the adequate area for the artificial tooth arrangement on the posterior residual ridges of edentulous plaster models and in displaying their horizontal relationship.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2003

[Direct application of fiber-reinforced composites in splinting in a case of periodontitis. II].

Attachment loss through advanced periodontitis results in tooth mobility, and then loss of teeth. To prevent progression it is needed to eliminate any exciting agent and correct functional disorders in consequence of disease. Regeneration of periodontium is impossible and mastication is difficult because of tooth mobility. Long-term maintenance of mobile teeth is doubtful. We have to prevent the extraction of these teeth to stabilise them by a splint made of material that is inexpensive, reparable, provides sufficient support for the artificial tooth. Fiber-Reinforced Composite (FRC) fulfills the above requirements. In their case-reports the authors demonstrate the practical application of splinting with FRC materials. In these cases the FRC splints are not only periodontal splints but they act as orthodontic retainers or supports for an artificial tooth.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Design and development strategy for wearable and implantable artificial endocrine pancreas].

The ultimate goal of development of an artificial endocrine pancreas is for long-term strict glycemic control, and therefore, the trend in development is now from bedside-type to wearable- or implantable-type. With either a miniaturized extracorporeal glucose monitoring system based on microdialysis sampling method or a ferrocene-mediated needle-type glucose sensor covered with highly biocompatible membrane, and with subcutaneous insulin infusion algorithm using short-acting insulin analogue, long-term physiological glycemic control could be obtained by wearable artificial endocrine pancreas. The next step will be directed to the implantable one. Non-invasive infrared absorbance spectroscopy to fit into an artificial tooth prosthesis, an implantable artificial endocrine pancreas, in which measured glucose concentrations are transmitted telemetrically to implanted computer and pump system, might be developed.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1993

Study on high-strength plastic teeth. Tooth discoloration.

Conventional plastic teeth (CV teeth) are inferior to porcelain teeth in maintaining an adequate esthetic appearance with wear and discoloration, and thus have a shorter period of durability. Recently, high-strength plastic teeth (HS teeth) have been developed and applied to overcome the wear problems of CV teeth. Since HS teeth made of hard resin are still susceptible to staining with pigments, it has been observed that the esthetics of removable partial dentures made from such plastic teeth are gradually impaired in many patients. To investigate the susceptibility of HS teeth to pigments, we conducted an in vitro study by immersing three types of artificial teeth in three coloring liquids. It was found that the HS teeth tended to be less susceptible to the test pigments than the CV teeth to various degrees. In contrast, they showed markedly stronger susceptibility to the pigments than porcelain teeth. For all three artificial tooth types, daily tooth cleaning with an ultrasonic vibrator had a tendency to reduce the coloration in comparison with their counterparts without ultrasonic cleaning.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2002

[Lingualized occlusion in the South African context].

The search for the ideal artificial tooth arrangement that maximizes denture stability, comfort, aesthetics, and function has occupied the dental literature for many years and still continues to do so. Of the many occlusal schemes that have been presented to the dental profession, that of lingualized occlusion has emerged as one of the more popular. The popularity of lingualized occlusion stems from the simplicity and flexibility of the concept and from its wide application to clinical practice (Parr & Ivanhoe, 1996). The registration of a repeatable correct centric jaw relation is not always possible. We don't know whether the patient will use centric relation during normal function. It is therefore useful to provide the patient with some freedom of movement around centric. lingualized occlusion provides freedom in centric. For many dentists the arrangement of artificial denture teeth into balanced occlusion is difficult and time consuming. As a result this task is most often performed by the dental technician. In the South African countryside dental laboratories are often far away. If dentists perform the arrangement of the denture teeth, time and costs can be saved. The mounting of denture teeth in lingualized occlusion is simple and fast. This will motivate dentists to arrange denture teeth themselves, with obvious benefits for both the patient and the dentist. The School of Oral Health Sciences of the University of Stellenbosch teaches this concept to its undergraduate students in order to improve the prosthetic service to the large edentulous population of South Africa.

Centric Relation↗
PubMed2001

Video instruction to establish a panel of experts to compare tooth cleaning by 4 electric toothbrushes.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Laboratory robots can reveal differences in the cleaning of artificial tooth surfaces by different electric toothbrushes. The primary aim of this study was to establish, through video instruction, a panel of experts in tooth cleaning with an oscillating rotating electric toothbrush in an attempt to mimic the highly reproducible laboratory robot. A secondary aim was to use the "expert" panel, in an attempt to distinguish between tooth cleaning efficacy of 4 head/model combinations of the oscillating rotating electric brush. METHOD: A 24-subject panel, after video training and home habituation for up to 12 weeks with the basic model of electric brush, participated in a single examiner blind, 4-cell, randomised, cross-over study balanced for residual effects. In each period, subjects suspended tooth cleaning for 4 days. Plaque was then scored by area before and after tooth brushing for 2 min in tandem with the instructional video with the allocated brush head/model combination. RESULTS: Differences between subjects was significant, but overall plaque removal with all brushes was of the order of 85% with one subject achieving >97% plaque removal. There were significant differences between the brushes with the oscillating rotating brush with the faster head movement, in most analyses, significantly more effective than the slower oscillating rotating brush with 2 head combinations. The faster oscillating rotating brush was also significantly more effective than the most recently introduced oscillating rotating reciprocating model. CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies have shown that single uses of watch-and-follow video instruction significantly improve toothcleaning with electric toothbrushes. The present study shows that extended training using these videos results in almost complete plaque removal even when prebrushing plaque levels have been enhanced by a 4-day period of no oral hygiene. Furthermore, the establishment of an "expert" panel can distinguish between brushes of different cleaning efficiencies. However, given the level of achievement of all panel members with all brushes, the absolute differences observed are of doubtful clinical significance for gingival health. Finally, the slightly-reduced plaque removal by the 3 directional head action brush can be explained by the inability within the present protocol to habituate the subjects in its use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Wire friction from ceramic brackets during simulated canine retraction.

The present study was designed to investigate the nature of friction between orthodontic wire and various ceramic brackets. The amount of tooth movement with metal and ceramic brackets was measured, and the wire surfaces were examined microscopically immediately after artificial tooth movement. The amount of tooth movement produced by the ceramic brackets was significantly less than that produced by metal bracket. The wire surfaces were scratched more obviously by ceramic brackets than by metal bracket. Slot surfaces and edges of the ceramic brackets were substantially more porous and rougher than those surfaces of the metal bracket. These material differences between metal and ceramic brackets significantly affect the efficiency of orthodontic tooth movement.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1990

Occlusal force distribution in lower complete overdentures.

A space between the denture base and a root cap can effectively control the distribution ratio of occlusal force to abutment teeth and an alveolar ridge. The purpose of this study on abutments was to analyse the effect of variation in space (0 mm (no space), 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm) on the above ratio. Six subjects, 38-65 years of age, each with an edentulous maxilla and several teeth remaining in the mandible, were selected for this experiment. The lower experimental denture had embedded a transducer which could detect a change in the vertical force applied to the experimental tooth. This transducer was capable of changing the vertical space between a denture base and an experimental tooth. Each subject was asked to increase the occlusal force applied to the denture from zero to the maximum loading rate of 5 kgf s-1. The occlusal force and the force exerted on the experimental tooth were recorded in each space 1 month after insertion of new dentures. The following results were obtained: (i) when the occlusal force was applied to the artificial tooth just above the abutment tooth, the mean ratio in the 0 mm space was 60% of the force applied to the denture, the ratio in the 0.3 mm space was 50%, and the ratio in the 0.6 mm space was 30%; (ii) if the occlusal force was applied to the point 10 mm distant from the point just above the experimental tooth, the magnitude of the ratio was decreased by 60-80%.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

An alternative treatment for the severely resorped maxillary lateral incisor: a sequela of ectopic eruption.

At times dental crowding, maxillary arch inadequacy, or an abnormal lingual or horizontal position restricts the eruption of the maxillary cuspid. This ectopic eruption can cause the canine to compress the blood supply to the periodontal tissues of the adjacent lateral incisor. If undiagnosed and untreated, physiological and chemical changes are induced, and the lateral root undergoes resorption. When the resorption is severe enough to endanger the retention of the lateral, an endeosseous stabilizer can be placed through the root and extended into the bone to stabilize the tooth artificially. Two cases demonstrate the technique and success of such treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The upper anterior sectional denture.

An upper anterior sectional denture is described which consists of (1) a cast cobalt-chromium framework with two passive clasps that contact undercuts on the distal surfaces of the most posterior remaining teeth and (2) a labial flange that carries the replaced tooth or teeth and engages the labiointerproximal gingival undercuts of the anterior teeth adjacent to the edentulous ridge. The cast framework is inserted occlusogingivally, and the labial flange is inserted labiolingually. Both sections are held together by the frictional resistance of the split post of the framework that fits into a tube on the labial flange and hollowed-out artificial tooth. With this type of prosthesis, certain clinical problems can be handled without abutment tooth preparation and with a minimal amount of chair time.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Bone grafting at the stage of mixed and permanent dentition in patients with clefts of the lip and primary palate.

Secondary bone grafting of a residual alveolar cleft has become a well established procedure. However, little attention has been paid to the benefits of these bone grafts in patients with clefts of the lip and alveolus only. This retrospective and comparative study includes 21 patients who had received a secondary or a late secondary bone grafting procedure from tibia and whose mean clinical and radiographic follow-up after the bone graft was 5.5 years. Eighteen patients treated without bone grafting served as controls. Length and width of cleft, presence or absence of permanent lateral incisor, size of nasal floor bony defect, and interdental alveolar bony height in the cleft area were investigated. The results showed that bone grafting was indicated particularly in wide clefts with missing lateral incisors. Eruption of a tooth close to the cleft was facilitated and the bony support for teeth neighboring the cleft was improved. In some cases, additional support of the alar base of the nose was achieved and closure of an oronasal fistula facilitated. A further advantage of bone grafting of clefts of the primary palate was that it might make it possible to insert a titanium implant carrying an artificial tooth in the cleft area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Denture tooth selection: size matching of natural anterior tooth width with artificial denture teeth.

This project, conducted by the Removable Prosthodontic faculty, compared the mesiodistal widths of the six maxillary anterior teeth with the widths of denture teeth from six different denture tooth manufacturers. Four hundred eighty-eight casts of dental students were measured from the distal aspect of each canine across the facial surfaces of the six anterior teeth with a flexible plastic millimeter rule. Denture teeth from six manufacturers were compared (370 molds). The results indicated that denture teeth are predominantly smaller and natural teeth are larger.

Cuspid↗
PubMed1996

Characterization of an unusual fluoride-resistant Streptococcus mutans isolate.

A fluoride-resistant Streptococcus mutans isolate NCH105 was characterized and compared with wild-type strain UA130. The growth and lactic acid production of strain NCH105 were found to be unaffected by the presence of fluoride at the initial medium pH values of 6.5 and 6. In addition, NCH105 was found to be capable of lowering the pH of the medium to approximately 5.5, which is the critical level where enamel demineralization begins in vivo. Lactic acid production, glucose uptake at pH 6.5 and 6, as well as ATPase activity at pH 5 were found to be unaffected by fluoride. Finally, strain NCH105 is capable of binding as well as the wild-type bacterium to artificial tooth pellicles. These results are unusual when compared with previously isolated fluoride-resistant mutants and suggest that NCH105 may have the ability to colonize the tooth surface and initiate dental caries.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗