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Results for “TREMATODE INFECTIONS”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea.

A total of 19 species of food-borne intestinal trematodes have been reported in humans in the Republic of Korea. They include 12 species of the Heterophyidae, Metagonimus yokogawai, M. takahashii, M. miyatai, Heterophyes nocens, H. heterophyes (imported), H. dispar (imported), Heterophyopsis continua, Pygidiopsis summa, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Centrocestus armatus, Stictodora fuscata, and S. lari; four species of the Echinostomatidae, Echinostoma hortense, E. cinetorchis, Echinochasmus japonicus, and Acanthoparyphium tyosenense; and one species each of the Neodiplostomidae, Neodiplostomum seoulense, Plagiorchiidae, Plagiorchis muris, and Gymnophallidae, Gymnophalloides seoi. Fresh water fish harbor the metacercarial stage of M. yokogawai, M. takahashii, M. miyatai, C. armatus, E. hortense, E. cinetorchis, E. japonicus, or P. muris. Brackish water fish serve as the second intermediate hosts for H. nocens, H. continua, P. summa, S. falcatus, S. fuscata, and S. lari. Brackish water bivalves are the source of infection with A. tyosenense. Tadpoles and frogs are the second intermediate hosts for N. seoulense, but the major source of human infection is the grass snake Rhabdophis tigrina, a paratenic host. The metacercariae of G. seoi are observed in oysters. The natural definitive hosts are, in most cases, mammals such as rats, cats and dogs. However, several species (C. armatus, S. lari, E. japonicus, A. tyosenense, and G. seoi) have birds as natural definitive hosts. Host-parasite relationships, pathogenesis and pathology, immunity, clinical aspects, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of these intestinal trematodes are briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Seasonal prevalence of some zoonotic trematode infections in cattle and pigs in the north-east montane zone in India.

Seasonal variations in the prevalence of Fasciola gigantica and Eurytrema pancreaticum in cattle, and Opisthorchis noverca, Artyfechinostomum malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and Gastrodiscoides hominis in pigs, were studied post-necropsy over a 1 year period in a humid, subtropical north-east hilly region in India. The overall prevalence rate was 53.02% in cattle (n = 960) and 12.92% in pigs (n = 960). Fasciola gigantica and E. pancreaticum occurred throughout the year with peaks during cold winter months. Both species showed a high intensity of infection in winter and a low intensity during summer and autumn. The rate of infection due to A. malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and G. hominis rose to a peak during June-September and thereafter declined to a low level (November-March). Except for the month of February, O. noverca occurred throughout the year, with the highest rate of infection in late autumn and winter. The abundance of infection due to A. malayanum, Fasciolopsis buski and G. hominis was high during late summer and early autumn. Opisthorchis noverca showed a higher density during late autumn and winter.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of isoniazid pharmacokinetics in the blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with concomitant chronic Trematode infections].

Isoniazid pharmacokinetics was studied in 93 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis including 47 patients with concomitant chronicTrematode infection. After enteral administration of the drug its blood concentrations were shown to be low due to the decreased absorption function of the small intestine and impaired absorption and excretion functions of the hepatobiliary system. It was concluded that in such patients intramuscular administration of isoniazid was advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Problem of chronic Trematode infections in endemic regions].

A complex of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory surveys has furnished evidence on a wide spread of chronic Trematoda infestation in endemic territories, especially among small nations. The disease results in inhibition of gastric acid production, hepatobiliary system functions of absorption, and excretion appear suppressed, intestinal absorption gets impaired. It is suggested that parenteral mode of drug administration be used in such populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pathology of the digestive organs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and trematode infection].

One hundred and thirty two new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis including 97 patients with concomitant chronic Trematoda infestation were examined. It was shown that the helminthic invasion inhibited the functions of the liver and thin intestine and was one of the causes of low bacteriostatic concentrations of tuberculostatics in blood when the drugs were administered enterally. It is concluded that parenteral administration of the drugs' and intramuscular one isoniazid in particular are advisable for such patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An analysis of the results of clinical trials of praziquantel analogs in intestinal cestode and trematode infections. 1. The treatment of intestinal cestode infections (diphyllobothriasis, taeniasis, hymenolepiasis)].

The studies have demonstrated a high efficacy of prasiquantel in therapy of enteric cestodiases. No differences in the efficacy and tolerance of prasiquantel analogs manufactured by various pharmaceutic firms (azinox, CIS; pikiton, China; biltricide, Bayer, India; cesol, Merk, India; cisticide, Merk India) were detected. Prasiquantel single dose (15 mg/kg) efficacies in diphyllobothriasis, taeniarhynchiasis, and taeniasis made up 91.4, 98.5, and 100%, respectively. In hymenolepiasis the efficacy of a total dose (40 and 50 mg/kg given twice with a 10-day interval) was 88.9%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Structural and cytochemical study of the hemocytes in normal and trematode-infected Lymnaea truncatula.

The ultrastructural study of adult Lymnaea truncatula hemocytes reveals a preponderance of spreading cells at different stages of differentiation. A few round cells may represent a distinct population of hemocytes. As in L. stagnalis, spreading cells are remarkable in that they synthesize peroxidase that is stored in secretory granules, but in L. truncatula hemocytes, endogenous peroxidase activity is also localized in multivesicular bodies. The ultrastructure and peroxidase content of hemocytes do not seem to be affected in snails with established parasites. Evidence that parasites interfere with normal hemocyte functions is that in the few capsules that occurred in parasitized snails the hemocytes did not spread normally and their peroxidase granules were resorbed into multivesicular bodies.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2005

Trematode infection correlates with shell shape and defence morphology in a freshwater snail.

Parasitism often influences the phenotype of individuals. Many of the resulting changes are due to changes in resource allocation that come with infection. Here we examine the effect of a trematode parasite on the shape and defence morphology of a New Zealand freshwater snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum. The trematode Microphallus sp. asexually produces hundreds of metacercarial cysts in the snail. The length, width and 2-dimensional area of each snail were measured. Snails were also assessed for their degree of spininess. Snails were dissected to determine gender, brooding condition and parasitism. Snails infected with Microphallus sp. were found to be significantly less spiny than uninfected snails. Microphallus-infected snails were also found to have a significantly greater width to length ratio at larger sizes than their uninfected counterparts. These trends could be explained in at least 3 ways. (1) Infection causes the snails to not produce spines and to become wider. (2) Spiny and narrower snails are more likely to die when they become infected. (3) Spiny and narrower snails are more resistant to infection. The changes in phenotype observed are unlikely to be adaptive for either the host or parasite and probably represent physiological by-products of the host-parasite relationship.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Otitis media and a neck lump--current diagnostic challenges for Paragonimus-like trematode infections.

A 29 year-old Nigerian studying in the UK presented with a neck lump and otitis media. Paragonimus-like trematode eggs were found in the neck lump aspirate. Morphologically these eggs resembled Paragonimus uterobilateralis or Achillurbainia congolensis. We favoured the diagnosis of achillurbainiasis over extrapulmonary paragonimiasis on the basis of clinical features and because we could not amplify DNA sequences using PCR primers specific for Paragonimus species. We discuss current diagnostic challenges for this rare parasitic infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effect of trematode infection on amphibian limb development and survivorship.

The causes of amphibian deformities and their role in widespread amphibian declines remain conjectural. Severe limb abnormalities were induced at high frequencies in Pacific treefrogs (Hyla regilla) exposed to cercariae of a trematode parasite (Ribeiroia sp.). The abnormalities closely matched those observed at field sites, and an increase in parasite density caused an increase in abnormality frequency and a decline in tadpole survivorship. These findings call for further investigation of parasite infection as a cause of amphibian deformities in other sites and species.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Trematode infections. Opisthorchiasis, clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, and paragonimiasis.

The parasitic diseases of the liver and lung are caused by trematodes or flukes--Opisthorchis viverrini, O. felineus, Fasciola hepatica, and Paragonimus westermani. Humans get infected by eating the second intermediate host of the fluke, for example, fish, crab, or water plant. The disease runs a chronic course. The diagnosis is made by the recover of eggs in stools or sputum, or by serodiagnosis. Praziquantel is the drug of choice except in falcioliaisis.

Adult↗