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Results for “TUBERCULOSIS IMMUNITY”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Mycobacterium tuberculosis defective in phthiocerol dimycocerosate translocation provides greater protective immunity against tuberculosis than the existing bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine.

We demonstrate that Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is unable to export the complex lipid phthiocerol dimycocerosate has a decreased capacity to replicate in mice and affords sustained protective immunity against M. tuberculosis infection Protection was significantly better than that provided by the existing vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and this improved protective efficacy was maintained for at least 24 weeks after vaccination. Protection afforded by this attenuated strain coincided with a number of factors that were not associated with BCG vaccination: long-term persistence of the strain within the host, sustained and potent induction of antimycobacterial interferon-gamma-secreting cells equal to that induced by virulent M. tuberculosis, and elicitation of T cells recognizing dominant M. tuberculosis antigens absent from BCG. These results suggest that the BCG vaccine may be too attenuated to afford effective protective immunity against tuberculosis, and vaccine strains that can provide sustained delivery of mycobacterial antigens are promising antituberculosis vaccine candidates.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Cellular mediated and humoral immunity of tuberculosis].

Review on cellular mediated and humoral immunity in tuberculosis, the research of which Robert Koch has fundamentally initiated. Problems of immunity are playing a role in the course of tuberculous infection and disease, in BCG-vaccination and in therapy. T-lymphocytes and activated macrophage system contribute to regulate resistance to tuberculous infection. the role of antituberculous antibodies in the course of tuberculous is still not fully clear. Genetic control mechanisms of immune response seem to exit also in tuberculosis, observed in animal experiments (mice). There can be selected 2 lines of animals with with quite different tuberculous resistance, highly sensible and more resistant strains to tuberculous infection, reacting also differently in their immune response. Immunological methods have a significance already obvious for estimation of prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Transfer of adoptive immunity to tuberculosis in mice.

A system is described for studying adoptive immunity to tuberculosis in syngeneic mice. Donor mice were immunized with 10(4) BCG intravenously, and lymphoid cells were harvested 28 days later. Adoptive immunity was measured in recipient mice in terms of the inhibition of growth of BCG in the liver and spleen following intravenous injection. Adoptive immunity was expressed optimally when recipients were sublethally irradiated (500 R), challenged with 10(4) to 10(5) viable organisms, and given sensitized lymphoid cells intravenously. Adoptive immunity was not manifest until 14 days after challenge and was effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv as well as BCG. Immunity could be conferred by spleen, lymph node, peritoneal exudate, and resident peritoneal (washout) cells. The lymphoid cells conferring immunity were shown to be thymus-dependent lymphocytes by virtue of their nonadherence to glass wool and sensitivity to anti-theta serum plus complement. The sensitized cells were relatively susceptible to both in vitro and in vivo X-irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Protective efficacy of different cell-wall fractions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Immunization with various cell-wall fractions of M. tuberculosis H37Ra, progressively depleted of lipids (cell-wall-insoluble fraction; CWIF), soluble proteins (cell-wall core; CWC), mycolic acids and arabinogalactans (cell-wall-protein-peptidoglycan complex; CW-PPC) elicited significant levels of both humoral and cell-mediated immune response. Mice immunized with these fractions, when challenged with an LD50 dose of M. tuberculosis H37Rv, exhibited significant protection as revealed by high survival rates and decreased bacterial load in lungs, liver and spleen, as compared to nonimmunized animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The purification and identification of circulating immune complexes in tuberculosis.

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) have been documented in patients with tuberculosis. Like most other disease-related CIC, the composition of CIC in tuberculosis is unknown. Using the new technique of conglutinin affinity chromatography, we isolated and purified CIC from 6 patients with mycobacterial disease and compared these with CIC from 6 patients with other disorders. The CIC material from both groups was found by Ouchterlony analysis to be similar, containing IgG, IgA, and variable amounts of Clq, C3, and C4. Relative purity was confirmed by the absence of other serum components such as fibrinogen, alpha 1-antiprotease, alpha 2-macroglobulin, and transferrin; trace amounts of albumen were present in all samples. On sucrose density ultracentrifugation, CIC material from both groups demonstrated a well-defined major peak in the 9S to 12S range and a much smaller peak at 7S. After dissociation of CIC at pH 2.8, only a broad band in the 7S region was noted. Ouchterlony analysis demonstrated a positive precipitation reaction between CIC and rabbit anti-BCG in 5 of 6 patients with tuberculosis and 1 of 6 patients without tuberculosis. Anti-BCG activity was demonstrated by precipitation inhibition in 5 of 6 tuberculous and 2 of 6 nontuberculous samples. In all but one of the tuberculous samples tested, these reactions were confined to the 9S to 12S fraction. We conclude that some of the CIC found in patients with tuberculosis are composed of immunoglobulin, complement, and antigen derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Adult↗