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PubMed1987

Long-distance commuting and population change in Georgia, 1960-80.

The authors investigate counter-urbanization and population change in Georgia between 1960 and 1980 by examining commuting patterns. "The immediate objective is to construct the entire set of commuting fields of both large metropolitan areas to metropolitan and nonmetropolitan employment centers. We then proceed to the relationship between commuting from nonmetropolitan areas to all levels of Georgia's urban hierarchy and population change in these nonmetropolitan settings. By matching population growth and decline areas with explicit employment ties...the nature of the population changes is much better understood." Data from the 1960, 1970, and 1980 censuses for 581 Census County Divisions (CCDs) in Georgia are analyzed. It is concluded that "most nonmetropolitan growth taking place in Georgia is associated with intensification of metropolitan commuting fields along with growth of nonmetropolitan centers and their influence along the very periphery of metropolitan spheres of employment influence. However, a significant share of Georgia's nonmetropolitan population revitalization is explained by growth independent of direct metropolitan influence. It would appear then that nonmetropolitan growth centers are an important part of the basis for population decentralization in Georgia. Metropolitan spill-over alone cannot account for counterurbanization on this portion of the American economic landscape."

Americas↗
PubMed1986

Urban concentration and rural growth: a two-sector analysis.

"This paper examines the mechanism and extent of urban concentration using a two-sector growth model. The cause of urbanization is sought in the existence of urban scale economies. Assuming that temporary production decisions are concerned with optimal labor inputs and that profit incomes are reinvested according to relative profitability, the model shows persistent tendency for urban concentration and the transition of the economy from unlimited to limited labor supply. A simple example suggests that urban concentration is more likely than rural expansion with urban contraction."

Demography↗
PubMed1987

Forecasting the reorganization of the settlement pattern in a region of formation of a territorial-production complex.

The author investigates the formation and development of territorial-production complexes (TPCs) in the USSR. "The main issue in preliminary studies for a TPC is to determine the long-term industrial and territorial structure of the TPC, as well as to set the sequence of priorities for the construction and start-up of plants in specialized sectors complementing and serving the various industries making up the TPC. Forecasts [must be] made for the size of the population and the dimensions of the industrial and social infrastructure subserving the industrial units in the TPC to be expected by the end of a specified period of time. Our purpose is to determine the dynamics of the above-enumerated elements of the system, as well as the main population growth parameters of all cities and rural areas in a specified region."

Demography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migration patterns in India.

"The chief objective of the present paper is to comprehend the broad spatial patterns of internal migrations in India." Aspects considered include data constraints, the magnitude of internal migration, interstate migration, migration to rural and to urban destinations, spatial patterns, and areas of origin and destination.

Asia↗
PubMed1980

Indonesia: population distribution and redistribution.

The author describes "the broad pattern of contemporary population distribution in Indonesia and the major changes which have occurred in this pattern between the 1930, 1961 and 1971 census enumerations and the 1976 intercensal survey." In the final section, he outlines some of the major demographic, social, economic, political, and geographic factors associated with these patterns of distribution and redistribution.

Asia↗
PubMed1982

Migration between core and peripheral regions: a description and tentative explanation of the patterns in 22 countries.

"In the developed world at least, the century-long migration towards the high density core regions is over. To establish this thesis, internal migration statistics for 22 countries are examined, covering the period 1950-1979. Of these 22 countries, five categories are distinguished: (1) the countries of north-western Europe...; (2) the countries of North America...; (3) countries on the periphery of western Europe...[and] Japan and New Zealand; (4) the countries of eastern Europe...; and (5) two advanced developing countries in eastern Asia...." Migration trends among countries in the five categories are described, and a tentative explanation of these patterns is offered. "[An] appendix contains the data from which the figures in the text have been constructed, the exact sources from which the data have been taken, and the constituent administrative subdivisions of the regions chosen for study."

Demography↗
PubMed1982

Social-demographic development of Vologda Oblast during the intercensal period 1970-79.

"Demographic trends in Vologda Oblast are analyzed on the basis of 1979 census results as a case study of an oblast involved in the [development] program for the Nonchernozem Zone of the RSFSR. The trend in the 1970-79 intercensal period was for continuing growth of urban population, especially in the two major urban centers of Vologda and the iron and steel city of Cherepovets, and depopulation of rural areas. The age-sex structure is distinguished by a strong aging trend and sex imbalance, especially in rural areas. Despite the proclaimed aim of fostering abandonment of tiny rural places (with 25 residents or less), the number of places in that size class actually increased during the intercensal period (from 40% of all rural places in 1970 to 52 percent in 1979)."

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1986

Shifts in the distribution of rural population in the non-Chernozem zone of the RSFSR.

"Rural population change within the Non-Chernozem zone of the RSFRS [Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic] is examined over the period 1959-79 at several levels of analysis: the Non-Chernozem zone as a whole, its major economic regions, individual oblasts, individual rayons and individual farms and rural places. The overriding tendency at all levels of analysis has been the increasing spatial concentration of rural population." The authors observe that "this concentration assumes a variety of forms, from the concentration of rural population in the suburban zones of large cities and the immediate surroundings of rayon seats to a decline in the number of rural places (from 180,000 in 1959 to 118,000 in 1979) and the growth of local centers against a general background of rural population decline. The authors hint that the observed tendency is a positive development, in keeping with the policy of converting Soviet agriculture to a more intensive path of development."

Agriculture↗