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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Assessment of the respirable dust levels in the nation's underground and surface coal mining operations.

This report presents a chronological overview of the status of respirable dust exposures in underground and surface bituminous coal mines since inception of the 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act. Data for various intervals from 1970 through 1977, are presented for selected mining operations. Comparisons are made using data available from the mine operators' sampling program and from MSHA surveys. The data demonstrate the marked decrease that has occurred in respirable dust exposures since inception of the 1969 Act.

Coal↗
PubMed1976

[The struggle against dust in the Belgian coal mines. Situation at the beginning of 1976].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1976. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting, water infusion and wet pneumatic picks, are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1974

[Dust prevention in Belgian coal mines. Situation at the beginning of 1974].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1974. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting, water infusion and wet pneumatic picks, are given separately; in some cases two or more of these techniques are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, are also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1979

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Conditions at the beginning of 1979].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1979. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting and water infusion are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1977

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Status at the beginning of the year 1977].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1977. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting, water infusion and wet pneumatic picks, are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of hard headings in which different methods of dust suppression are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1983

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Status at the beginning of 1983].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1983. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal treated by the classical methods of wet cutting and water infusion are given separately. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1980

[Dust control in the Belgian coal mines. Status at the start of the year 1980].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1980. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting and water infusion are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Belgium↗
PubMed1978

[Dust control in Belgian coal mines. Status at the beginning of 1978].

The present communication gives a general view of the methods of dust control in the Belgian coal mines at the beginning of 1978. The statistical data received from the mines are presented in tabular form. The length and the output of coal faces treated by the classical methods of pre-spraying of the wall, wet cutting, water infusion and wet pneumatic picks, are given separately; in some cases two or more of these technics are used together on the same coal face. The number of stone drivages in which different methods of dust control are used, is also given.

Coal Mining↗
PubMed1996

Causation, impairment, disability: an analysis of coal workers' pneumoconiosis evaluations.

The relation of exposure, impairment, and awarded disability in coal dust disease cases is often unclear. Surveillance data from large mining populations has demonstrated a decline in pulmonary function associated with coal dust exposure, even in miners with normal roentgenographs, though the frequency with which this results in impairment is not well defined. This study examines a more specific group, 374 disability claimants, for whom evaluation data is less extensive. In this group, several pulmonary function variables declined in association with years mining, even after controlling for roentgenograph status and smoking. This was particularly seen among underground miners, although the declines were small and of marginal statistical significance. Awards were evaluated for 203 resolved cases. Among 59 with completely normal roentgenographs and pulmonary function tests (PFTs), 38 (64%) received some disability award. These findings support development of a more rational impairment/disability system for those with potential coal dust disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Structuring strain data for storage and retrieval of information on fungi and yeasts in MINE, the Microbial Information Network Europe.

A distributed Microbial Information Network Europe (MINE) is being constructed by a number of major microbial culture collections in countries of the European Community, with the support of the Biotechnology Action Programme (BAP) of the Commission of the European Community. The representatives of the collections participating in MINE have agreed to adopt a general format for the computer storage and retrieval of strain data. This uniform format will facilitate the electronic combination and exchange of data from different collections in order to produce integrated catalogues and the use of identical commands to search the different databases. It is recommended to other collections who may wish to contribute data to the MINE network or between themselves. Three kinds of records can be linked to the leading 'species records': strain records, synonym records, and alternative morphonym records. A minimum data set of 30 fields (similar to the fields used for producing catalogues) is defined that facilitates the exchange of data between the national nodes and serves as a directory to strains available at other nodes. It is suggested that the full strain record comprise 99 fields, grouped in 12 blocks: internal administration--name--strain administration--status--environment and history--biological interactions--sexuality--properties (cytology, biomolecular data)--genotype and genetics--growth conditions--chemistry and enzymes--practical applications. Several fields are divided into subfields of different ranks. Delimiters are used either to separate a range of entries that have to be indexed or to divide an entry from the reference to its source or remarks that should not be indexed. The contents and structure of the fields proposed for filamentous fungi and yeasts are described and in some cases illustrated by examples. Uniformity of input is essential for indexed fields and desirable for non-indexed fields. Seven thesaurus files are envisaged to ensure consistency.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1991

Scale model studies of the transport of airborne pollutants on coalfaces.

Studies have been carried out to investigate airflows in coalmine models, with special regard to the transport of airborne pollutants, and to examine how they relate to what happens at full-scale in an actual underground mine. If such models can be shown to provide data representative of actual mine ventilation engineering, then they can provide cost-effective alternatives to full-scale investigations. The work set out in the first instance to identify the properties of: (a) the bulk airflow and associated transport of airborne pollutants along a longwall coalface; and (b) the transport of material out of regions that were partially enclosed or poorly ventilated (e.g. in the cutting zone, in headings). For the former, an appropriate quantity is the dispersivity of the coalface airflow, for the latter the mean retention time. Both quantities may be rendered non-dimensional with respect to dimensions characteristic of the system and to velocities of the airflow. Their behaviour in relation to a third dimensionless quantity, the flow Reynolds' number is also important. Experiments were performed, using smoke or dust tracers, to investigate how these properties are interrelated and how they scale between small-scale and full-scale systems. They were carried out in a 1/10-scale laboratory model, in a full-scale surface model, and underground in an actual coalmine. The basis of most of the experiments was the 'tracer decay' method, in which the transport properties of the aerodynamic system under investigation were determined from observations of the changes in tracer concentration with time immediately following the removal of the tracer source. During these experiments, the feasibility of using small-scale models to investigate ventilation problems was clearly indicated and preliminary scaling relationships which may be used as an initial basis for predicting the transport and local build-up of pollutants in mines were developed. It is expected that applications of the ideas and methodology described will be relevant to other industries.

Air Movements↗
PubMed1989

Locations of fatal work injuries in the United States: 1980 to 1985.

Surveillance of injury at work is beset with problems of method and definition. As a result, national agencies have widely varying estimates of the number of fatal work injuries in the United States. One plausible method for identifying fatal work injuries is to use the Place of Injury variable, which is entered on all US death certificates but is not encoded by the National Center for Health Statistics. To use this method, one would assume that work injuries largely occur at "typical work sites," ie, places coded as industrial, farm, and mine and quarry. Data to test this method were derived from the National Traumatic Occupational Fatality data base maintained by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Analysis of this data base showed that work-related fatal injuries mostly occur in places where many non-work-related injuries also occur. Only about one third of fatal work injuries took place at locations coded as industrial, farm, and mine and quarry. As a method for identifying fatal work injuries, the Place of Injury variable appears to have little value.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Development of a model to aid in reconstruction of historical silica dust exposures in the taconite industry.

The ability to reconstruct employee exposure histories would be a valuable research tool for the evaluation of occupation as a factor in disease. In many cases, however, historical environmental data are available but have not been used to compute past exposures because of differences in sampling methods. This paper describes a quantitative model to convert historical environmental data (from taconite mine and mill operations) into a form consistent with current sampling methods and results and, therefore, will enable past exposure histories to be used. (Past exposure histories are to be determined in an epidemiological study.) In this study, parallel sampling results from the environmental data base were used to obtain a coefficient for the conversion of impinger-particle counts (old sampling method) to filter-respirable mass sampling results (new sampling method). Parameters in the model were estimated using multiple regression techniques. Results show that a consistent ratio exists between impinger-particle counts and filter-respirable mass concentrations for samples collected at the same locations.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed2003

eVOC: a controlled vocabulary for unifying gene expression data.

Expression data contribute significantly to the biological value of the sequenced human genome, providing extensive information about gene structure and the pattern of gene expression. ESTs, together with SAGE libraries and microarray experiment information, provide a broad and rich view of the transcriptome. However, it is difficult to perform large-scale expression mining of the data generated by these diverse experimental approaches. Not only is the data stored in disparate locations, but there is frequent ambiguity in the meaning of terms used to describe the source of the material used in the experiment. Untangling semantic differences between the data provided by different resources is therefore largely reliant on the domain knowledge of a human expert. We present here eVOC, a system which associates labelled target cDNAs for microarray experiments, or cDNA libraries and their associated transcripts with controlled terms in a set of hierarchical vocabularies. eVOC consists of four orthogonal controlled vocabularies suitable for describing the domains of human gene expression data including Anatomical System, Cell Type, Pathology and Developmental Stage. We have curated and annotated 7016 cDNA libraries represented in dbEST, as well as 104 SAGE libraries,with expression information,and provide this as an integrated, public resource that allows the linking of transcripts and libraries with expression terms. Both the vocabularies and the vocabulary-annotated libraries can be retrieved from http://www.sanbi.ac.za/evoc/. Several groups are involved in developing this resource with the aim of unifying transcript expression information.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The efficacy of speleotherapy in salt mines in children with bronchial asthma based on the data from immediate and late observations].

Speleotherapy was conducted in 216 children with bronchial asthma treated in conditions of salt mines situated near the town of Nakhichevan. The assessment of clinical, immunological and functional parameters showed that the best results had been achieved in atopic asthma running a light or moderate course. Speleotherapy courses noticeably diminished broncho-obstructive syndrome, improved pulmonary ventilation. The improvement proved stable in the majority of the patients. It is recommended to include speleotherapy in salt mines into combined rehabilitation treatment of pediatric asthmatics.

Adolescent↗