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PubMed1990

[Effect of drug volume on spinal anesthesia with isobaric tetracaine].

The effects of drug volume on spinal anesthesia with 10 mg tetracaine in 1 ml or 2 ml isobaric solution were studied in 100 demographically compatible patients in a randomized double-blind manner. Identical technique was used for every patient in the study except for the volume of anesthetic solutions. Drugs were administered in a lateral decubitus position and patients remained horizontal during the study. Hoghest cephalad spread of analgesia varied from T12-T3, with a median sensory level of T7 in those who received 2 ml solutions, compared with T12-T5 and a median level of T10 in those who received 1 ml solutions. The time for maximum spread was longer in 2 ml--group (7.54 +/- 1.76 min vs 4.85 +/- 1.54 min). The 2-segment regression times were 180 +/- 53.44 min (mean) with a range of 75-270 min, and 219 +/- 34.11 min (mean) with a range of 150-300 min respectively for the 2 ml--group and the 1 ml--group. The differences were statistically significant. Complete motor blockade of the lower extremities as assessed by the modified Bromage scale was achieved in 35 out of 50 patients given 2 ml solutions, while all those who received 1 ml solutions achieved complete motor blockade. The onset times of maximum blockade were 5.42 +/- 1.59 min (mean) with a range of 2-10 min, and 5.98 +/- 1.79 min (mean) with a range of 2-12 min respectively. The difference between the degree of maximum motor blockade was also statistically significant but was insignificant regarding the time to maximum motor blockade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal anesthesia of only one lower extremity with hypobaric tetracaine].

For spinal anesthesia of only one lower extremity, effect factors, assumed to influence the level of anesthesia including the degree of head-down position of the patients during injection, the volume of the drug and the rate of its injection, are studied using 0.2% hypobaric tetracaine solution in water. Seventy-two patients having the surgery of one lower extremity were divided into 7 groups according to the difference in the degree of head-down position (0, 2 and 5 degrees), in the volume (3, 5 and 7 ml) and the rate (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 ml.s-1) of injection of tetracaine solution. Patients, in lateral position with the operative side up during injection and 20 minutes after injection, were checked for the level of hypesthesia and analgesia on both operative side and non-operative side. Except 2 groups of the patients who were in horizontal position during injection or who are injected with 7 ml of tetracaine solution all at once, the upper level of analgesia in the operative side is well controlled at T10, although in some patients the additional injection of small amount of tetracaine solution was needed. In these patients, the analgesic level in the non-operative side is restricted within S level, and HR and BP changes were very slight. The rate of injection had no effect on the analgesic level on both operative side and non-operative side.

Adolescent↗