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PubMedDate not supplied

[Sexual dysfunctions and bipolar disorder: a study of patients submitted to a long- term lithium treatment].

AIM: A wide range of psychotropic drugs has been reported to affect human sexual functioning. Most of the literature regarding the relationship between sexual function and psychotropic drugs deals with antidepressants-induced sexual side effects, mainly due to SSRIs. Lithium is a first-line long-term treatment for mood disorders, primarily bipolar disorder; unfortunately, there are a limited number of studies specifically concerning sexual side effects in patients on long-term lithium treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study concerns fifty-one clinically stable outpatients of both sexes (M=24, 47.1%; F=27, 52.9%), mean age 33.1+/-11.5 yrs, affected by bipolar I/II disorder according to DSM IV-TR criteria, submitted to long-term lithium treatment alone, compared to 176 healthy subjects (M=96, 54.5%; F=80,45.5%), mean age 30.2+/-8.7 yrs, as control group. Patients and controls were submitted to a questionnaire purposely developed for the study. RESULTS: A significantly higher percent of patients with respect to controls reported to have "never" or "rarely" sexual intercourses (45% vs 20%), sexual fantasies (25.4% vs 13.6%), and desire (37.3% vs 9.5%); moreover, a significantly lower amount of patients with respect to controls reported pleasure (73% vs. 91%) and satisfaction (57% vs. 83%) during intercourses. 18% of patients reported a worsening in sexual life after the onset of bipolar disorder; 30% of patients related their sexual problems to the introduction of lithium treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Notwithstanding the interpretative limits given by the use of questionnaires, our data seem to confirm even in patients under monotherapy, the negative influence of lithium on sexual excitation and desire, already depicted in patients with bipolar disorder under polytherapy.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of glazed and polished ceramics on human enamel wear.

This in vitro study compared the effect of glazed and polished dental ceramic on the wear of human enamel. Five ceramics were tested under standard load after 150,000 and 300,000 simulated chewing cycles. Wear was determined from collected digital data and analyzed before and after loading. Statistical comparisons were analyzed. Polished ceramics produced less enamel wear. The amount of enamel wear for opposing IPS Empress ceramic was significantly higher (P < .001) than wear provoked by the other ceramics. The enamel wear rate was higher at the first 150,000 cycles, and polishing increased ceramic roughness, except for the IPS Empress ceramic. Polishing of dental ceramics at the contact area produces less antagonistic enamel wear.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1991

Expression of human aldose and aldehyde reductases. Site-directed mutagenesis of a critical lysine 262.

Human aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) and aldehyde reductase (EC 1.1.1.2) are implicated in the development of diabetic complications by a variety of mechanisms, and a number of drugs to inhibit these enzymes have been proposed for the therapy and prevention of these complications. To probe the structure and function of these two enzymes, we used site-directed mutagenesis in the cDNAs of both enzymes to replace lysine 262 with methionine. Wild-type and mutant enzymes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified by anion exchange and affinity chromatography. N-terminal sequence analysis, Western blots, and kinetic studies confirmed the identity of the recombinant wild-type enzymes with the native human placental and liver enzymes. Recombinant aldose reductase (hAR) and aldehyde reductase (hGR) have apparent kinetic constants virtually identical to their respective native enzymes. The mutant aldose reductase (hARK262 greater than M) shows a 66-fold increase in Km for NADPH with respect to the wild type (1.9 +/- 0.4 microM versus 125 +/- 14 microM), whereas the Km for DL-glyceraldehyde increased 35-fold (20 +/- 2 versus 693 +/- 41 microM). The same constants for the mutant aldehyde reductase (hGRK262 greater than M) increased 97- and 86-fold, respectively (from 2.0 +/- 0.4 to 194 +/- 16 microM and from 1.6 +/- 0.4 to 137 +/- 3 mM). These results indicate that lysine 262 in aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase is crucial to their catalytic activity by affecting co-factor binding.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1991

Lithium toxicity in two dogs.

Two cases of lithium toxicity are reported on in dogs having had lithium hypochlorite chlorinated water as their sole source of drinking water. Clinical signs in one dog included polyuria, polydipsia, loss of body mass; dehydration, diarrhoea and general weakness and in the other case, polyuria, polydipsia, loss of body mass and seizures. Withdrawal of the water resulted in complete recovery.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Metrological and operating characteristics of thermoluminescent and photographic film dosimeters for the centralized individual dosimetric monitoring of medical personnel].

Characteristics of a TLD thermoluminescent kit with LiF detectors of TLD and DTG-4 types (diameters 3.5 and 5 mm) and TLD-400 were compared with those of a kit of IFKU-1 individual photographic film badges. Individual thermoluminescent dosimeters record a total dose of occupational and background irradiation, and film badges--a dose of occupational irradiation only. It should be taken into account in radiation-hygienic interpretation of individual dosimetric control readings.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1988

[Influence of regenerating and evaluation procedures on the supralinear behavior of LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters].

Measurements with LiF dosimeters in the absorbed dose range up to 6 Gy have shown a strong influence of the annealing and reading procedure on inset and extent of the supralinearity. With this regard three TLD readers and two annealing procedures have been investigated. The results are explained by a theoretical model which takes the formation of vacancies by hydroxyl ions into account. A slight effect of the LET is also observed. Since a straight line fit to the measured dose dependent deviations from linearity is possible, a quadratic equation for the calculation of correct absorbed dose values could be derived.

Fluorides↗
PubMed1986

[Ovarian radiation dosage during hysterosalpingography].

Doses delivered to ovaries during a standardized hysterosalpingography is determined in 30 patients with LiF dosimeters placed on the anterior and the posterior wall of the lower abdomen. It varies between 0.1 and 0.6 rad and is essentially dependent on the thickness of traversed tissues. This work is based on rare-earth screens experience.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Analyses of phosphorylase kinase by transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Under conventional electron microscopy negatively stained phosphorylase kinase exhibits a bilobal structure resembling two bridged opposing parentheses. In this predominant particle orientation, usually only one bridge is observed; however, in many particles two bridges can be seen. Scanning transmission electron microscopy of unstained phosphorylase kinase shows very similar structures, with a particle mass equivalent to that of the hexadecameric holoenzyme. Partial digestion of the enzyme with chymotrypsin, which preferentially hydrolyzes the alpha-subunits, causes no significant changes in the structure; however, when both the alpha and beta subunits are degraded by trypsin, single lobed particles appear, i.e. the connecting bridges are missing. Mass analysis of scanning transmission electron microscopy images of trypsinized enzyme indicates that the protease does, in fact, split the particle into halves. Transmission electron microscopy of an alpha gamma delta complex isolated after incubation of the holoenzyme with LiBr shows only small particles approximately one-fourth the size of the holoenzyme. Thus, integrity of the beta subunit may be necessary in order for the two lobes of phosphorylase kinase to be bridged. These data also indicate that the subunits are arranged as a bridged dimer of octamers 2 (alpha 2 beta 2 gamma 2 delta 2).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Energy response of LiF (TLD-100) and CaSO4:Dy TL dosimeters to different diagnostic spectra.

Energy response of LiF (TLD-100) and CaSO4:Dy TL dosimeters to different diagnostic X-ray spectra has been studied. Through energy response the X-ray spectrum influences the dose to be measured with a thermoluminescence dosimeter. The energy responses of both dosimeters were calculated with typical diagnostic high voltages 60-140 kVp and with 1-50 mmAl total filtrations for 2-pulse and constant potential generators. Theoretical X-ray spectra were used. Pulse form and small differences in high voltage and in total filtration do not cause any significant error in measured dose due to energy response. The ratio of the energy responses of CaSO4: Dy and LiF does not produce a sufficiently strongly sloping curve as a function of high voltage for the determination of the half-value layer with typical diagnostic exposure values.

Calcium Sulfate↗