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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Diagnosis and successful treatment of subacute erysipelas in a captive dolphin.

Ersipelas, a common disease of swine, is caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The organism was isolated in a blood culture taken from an infected captive dolphin. The dolphin showed typical subacute symptoms of square- and diamond-shaped skin lesions as seen in swine. It was surmised, in retrospect, that the disease was secondary to a primary pneumonia. The symptoms, clinical pathology and other special examinations, treatment and response are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: genetic characterization of midwest US isolates and live commercial vaccines using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

This is the first report of molecular characterization of US erysipelas field isolates and vaccine strains of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Erysipelas in pigs is mainly caused by E. rhusiopathiae serotypes 1a, 1b, and 2. In 2001, erysipelas reemerged as a clinical problem in pigs in the midwestern United States. In this work 90 erysipelas isolates (58 recent and 28 archived field isolates as well as 4 live-vaccine strains) were genetically characterized. Because of the limited availability of antiserum, 74/90 isolates (44/58 recent isolates) were serotyped. The serotype of the majority (79.6%) of the 44 recent isolates tested was determined to be 1a, 13.6% were serotype 1b, and 6.8% of recent isolates were serologically untypeable. Among all 90 isolates, 23 different PFGE patterns were identified. There were 43 isolates identified as serotype 1a with 4 genetic patterns: 38/43, 1A(I); 3/43, 1A(III); 1/43, 1B(V); and 1/43, 3B. Sixteen serotype 1b isolates had 11 unique genetic patterns: 4/16 were genotype 1B(III), 2/16 were genotype 3A(I), and 1/16 was in genotype groups 1A(V), 1A(VI), 1A(VII), 1B(I), 1B(IV), 1B(VII), 2, 4, and 5. Six genetic patterns were distinguished among the 10 serotype 2 isolates: 1A(IV) (1/10), 1A(V) (1/10), 1B(VI) (1/10), 2 (4/10), 7 (1/10), and 8 (2/8). Erysipelas vaccine strains (modified live) were similar to each other but different from current field strains, sharing 78.6% identity with the most prevalent genotype 1A(I) based on the PFGE-SmaI pattern. Compared with serotyping, PFGE genotyping is a more distinguishing technique, easy to perform and not dependent on the limited availability of antiserum.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Unusual cutaneous lesions of familial Mediterranean fever].

BACKGROUND: Familial mediterranean fever belongs to the periodic fever syndromes. During the attacks, fever is associated with abdominal pain, arthralgia, or both. Cutaneous involvement occurs in 7 to 46 p. 100 of cases and mainly consists in erysipelas-like erythema. We report on three patients treated for familial Mediterranean fever who developed unusual cutaneous lesions. OBSERVATIONS: All the patients had long past history of familial mediterranean fever without cutaneous involvement except, for the third patient who had pseudo-erysipela. The first patient had diffuse Sweet's syndrome-like lesions, the second developed long lasting panniculitis of the thigh and the third had a persistent and lichenified erysipela-like plaque. In two patients, skin histology revealed an inflammatory infiltrate with neutrophils. In all cases, an increase in the colchicine dose led to the rapid resolution of the lesions. DISCUSSION: In our 3 case reports, the lesions were particular because of their atypical clinical appearance, their long duration, and they differed from the usual pseudo-erysipela aspect. Histopathologically, the lesions were similar to pseudo-erysipela, which has led some authors to hypothesize that cutaneous lesions of familial mediterranean fever belong to neutrophilic dermatoses. This hypothesis is supported by the response to the increase in colchicine doses.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Bacterial dermo-hypodermatitis in adults. Incidence and role of streptococcal etiology].

INTRODUCTION: The frequency of bacterial dermohypodermal infections would appear to be increasing in western countries, particularly severe necrotizing forms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We attempted to determine: (1) the incidence of the two most well-defined forms of bacterial dermohypodermal infections (erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis) in a retrospective study of hospitalized cases seen over a period of 13 years in the Limoges University Hospital and (2) the role of streptococci as causative agents in bacterial dermohypodermal infections in the adult by collecting bacteriological data in 174 cases of erysipelas and 31 cases of necrotizing fasciitis. RESULTS: This retrospective analysis confirmed that the annual incidence of erysipelas was constantly increasing over the study period (1978-1991) while the annual incidence of necrotizing fasciitis was much lower and more constant. The two incidence curves were not parallel. Bacteriology, detection of streptococci (groups A, B, C or G) in skin specimen was better with direct immunofluorescence (64 p. 100) than with latex agglutination (47 p. 100) or classic culture techniques (28 p. 100) for erysipelas. Streptococci were determined to be the causative agent in 79 p. 100 (137/174) of the cases of erysipelas using at least one of the 3 bacteriological tests and/or serology. Group A streptococci predominated (67 p. 100 of the cases). For necrotizing fasciitis, streptococci was identified with classical culture technique, latex agglutination and/or serology in 12/131 cases (39 p. 100), again with a group A predominance (7 cases). In the other cases, multiple microbial flora (12 cases) were found including Staphylococcus aureus (3 cases) and Serratia liquefaciens (1 case). CONCLUSION: These results show that streptococci (group A predominantly and group G to a lesser extent) were the major, though not exclusive, causative agents in bacterial dermohypodermal infections in the adult, including necrotizing forms.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Primary and secondary hospitalization criteria].

The reference therapy for erysipelas is penicillin G given intravenously. Since I.V. injections are difficult to perform at home, hospitalization would seem mandatory. However, many cases of erysipelas are actually treated at home (cf. results of the 2 surveys concerning general practice). The lack of studies on non-hospitalized erysipelas patients makes it difficult to answer the following question: "What are the criteria for primary and secondary hospitalization?" The literature suggests, mostly indirectly, that the reasons of primary hospitalization are: the severity of general (fever, impairment of general condition, confusion) or local (blisters, purpura, skin necrosis, extent of the cellulitis, facial involvement) signs and symptoms, old age, associated diseases (diabetes, alcoholism, obesity, cardiovascular disease), the practical modalities of the treatment (penicillin given intravenously, bed rest), or the necessity to eliminate deep venous thrombosis. The reasons for secondary hospitalization are above all the (true or suspected) failure of oral antibiotherapy at home, or the occurrence of local complications. True criteria of primary or secondary hospitalization remain to be defined by adequate prospective studies performed in both in and outpatients. They will depend of the emerging possibilities of successfully treating erysipelas by oral antibiotics.

Erysipelas↗
PubMed1980

[Antibodies to non-type-specific group A streptococcal cell wall antigens in human sera].

The use of gel immunodiffusion for the determination of antibodies to nontype-specific cell-wall protein antigens of group A streptococcus allowed to eliminate reactions caused by antibodies to type-specific antigens, group polysaccharide and teichoic acid. Antibodies to nontype-specific antigens, and particularly to two such antigens, occurred more frequently in the blood sera of patients with rheumatism in the active phase than in patients with rheumatism in the inactive phase, erysipelas and with non-rheumatic cardiac diseases, and in donors. Antibodies to nontype-specific antigens occurred in the blood sera of patients with rheumatism in the inactive phase and with non-rheumatic cardiac diseases as frequently as in donors. The occurrence of these antibodies in the blood sera of erysipelas patients was significantly more frequent than in donors; but antibodies to two nontype-specific antigens occurred in erysipelas patients, in contrast to patients with rheumatism in the active phase, not more frequently than in donors. Patients with rheumatism and erysipelas seem to differ in their immune response to certain nontype-specific streptococcal antigens.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗