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Results for “INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE”

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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Intraocular pressure control after clear corneal phacoemulsification in eyes with previous trabeculectomy: a controlled study.

PURPOSE: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) control in eyes with or without clear corneal phacoemulsification following trabeculectomy. METHODS: The study group included 30 eyes that underwent uneventful clear corneal phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation following trabeculectomy without antimetabolites. Thirty eyes that had undergone filtering surgery without cataract extraction were selected as controls. Case and control groups were matched with respect to age, gender, IOP, number of glaucoma medications, glaucoma type (primary open-angle glaucoma/pseudoexfoliative glaucoma), trabeculectomy time and follow-up. Comparisons between the study and control groups (intergroup) and within the same group at different time-points (intragroup) were performed for IOP, glaucoma medications and bleb morphology. Success rates were investigated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the factors influencing final success by logistic regression. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure (p = 0.04) and glaucoma medications (p = 0.001) increased during an average follow-up of 26.1 +/- 9.9 months in both groups. Intragroup differences became statistically significant after the 6-month visit, but intergroup differences remained insignificant. Bleb height decreased significantly following phacoemulsification in the study group (p = 0.017). Success rates decreased with time in both groups, with no intergroup difference (p = 0.46). The final success rate was negatively correlated with IOP and number of glaucoma medications used at the study entry, while there was a positive correlation between the baseline and final success rates. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy success decreased in a time-dependent manner in eyes with and without subsequent phacoemulsification. Uncomplicated clear corneal phacoemulsification was not found to have any additional unfavorable influence on IOP control in eyes with filtering blebs.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Effects of general anaesthesia on the intraocular pressure in man. Trichloroethylene in nitrous oxide and oxygen.

The effect of TCE on the intraocular pressure was investigated in eight patients under thiopentone nitrous oxide/oxygen anaesthesia, using a muscle relaxant (pancuronium bromide). Pulmonary ventilation was controlled and the end-tidal carbon dioxide was maintained at 5 per cent. In every patient the intraocular pressure was observed to rise as TCE was administered and then to return to the initial level when the administration of TCE ceased.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The influence of nitric synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on the intraocular pressure in endotoxin induced uveitis in rats].

We studied the influence of the nitric synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) on the induction of uveitis in Wistar rats. The inflammation was induced by a footpad injection of endotoxin in rat. The clinical signs were evaluated in a slit-lamp, the intraocular pressure was measured using Tono Pen tonometer. We showed, that in endotoxin-induced uveitis the intraocular pressure elevation was observed and that L-NAME application reduced the inflammation and the level of the intraocular pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Oxygen free radicals adversely affect the regulation of vascular tone by nitric oxide in the rabbit retina under high intraocular pressure.

Flash electroretinograms (ERG) were recorded in the rabbit eye submitted to high intraocular pressure (HIOP) induced by the suction-cup method. When intraocular pressure rose to 100 mmHg, ERG was suppressed but rapidly recovered even under HIOP when animals were pre-treated either intravitreously with a nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, or intravenously with free radical scavengers, superoxide dismutase (SOD)+catalase. In contrast, injection of a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, nitro-L-arginine, into the vitreous cavity inhibited the protective effect of SOD+catalase during HIOP-induced ERG extinction. These results suggest that nitric oxide could play a role in the regulation of ocular vessel tone and that severe ischemia can impede this effect through oxygen-derived free radical generation.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Transient keratectasia caused by intraocular pressure elevation after laser in situ keratomileusis.

Transient keratectasia developed in association with a marked intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in a 26-year-old man who had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia of -9.0 diopters. The keratectasia subsided promptly after the IOP was normalized by an intravenous administration of mannitol. Keratectasia did not recur. Intraocular pressure elevation can cause keratectasia in a structurally compromised cornea after LASIK.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Benign pleomorphic adenoma arising from the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland associated with elevated intraocular pressure.

A 46-year-old man complained of a painless mass in the left upper eyelid. At age 51 years, the patient complained of dull pain in the left eye and diplopia. His left intraocular pressure had increased to 33 mm Hg. No proptosis was noted. The nontender mass in the eyelid was palpable. Computed tomography showed a mass anterior to the orbital rim compressing the globe. The lesion was removed en bloc by a transconjunctival approach. Histopathologic examination of the excised mass showed myxomatous stroma and highly cellular epithelial areas. Postoperatively, the left intraocular pressure normalized. To our knowledge, benign pleomorphic adenomas arising from the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland associated with elevated intraocular pressure, as demonstrated in our patient, may be rare.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1978

Intraocular pressure after suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation. The effect of pre-treatment with tubocurarine or gallamine.

Intraocular pressures were recorded in two series of fifteen patients after the administration of suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation. One series received tubocurarine 0.05 mg/kg and the other gallamine 0.3 mg/kg 4 min before the suxamethonium. The pressures were compared with those in a control group of fifteen patients who received normal saline before the suxamethonium. An increase in intraocular pressure occurred in 80% of patients and was similar in all three groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The aging effect on intraocular pressure in an apparently normal population.

Statistical analysis of intraocular pressure was conducted on approximately 200,000 healthy subjects who were examined at the Aichi Prefectural Center of Health Care in Nagoya, Japan, during the last decade. The IOP was estimated with either Schl øtz or noncontact tonometers, which consistently showed a decreasing tendency of IOP with age in both sexes. Multivariate analysis on systemic values disclosed that obesity, systolic BP, and age were the most influential factors of IOP. Stratification of the sample by systolic BP, obesity index, and age indicated that young, obese, and hypertensive subjects had the highest IOP, while old, lean, and hypotensive subjects showed the lowest IOP. It was confirmed that the IOP is physiologically maintained by a counterbalance between the IOP-lowering effect of age and the IOP-raising effects of obesity and systolic hypertension, which are largely age dependent.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of continuous strenuous exercise on intraocular pressure.

The effect of a continuous 110-km march with a 20-kg backpack load on intraocular pressure (IOP), plasma osmolarity, blood lactate, pH, and other related laboratory parameters was studied in 22 healthy young volunteers. Intraocular pressure decreased significantly at all marching intervals and returned to baseline level 3 hr after the completion of marching. The maximal average reduction during marching was 4.1 mmHg, 26.5% below the baseline level. The IOP decreased again 48 hr after the march and returned to baseline level 48 hr later. There were two peaks of increased plasma osmolarity (one during the march and the other 48 hr after the march). There was no correlation between IOP changes and levels of pH, blood lactate, serum proteins, and electrolytes or hematologic parameters. These findings suggest that IOP reduction is related inversely to plasma osmolarity during and after strenuous exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Distribution of intraocular pressure among healthy Pakistani.

Because the course of glaucoma is often an insidious one and most cases remain asymptomatic until the visual field has been clearly diminished, the frequency distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) is important from both an academic and clinical viewpoint. However, diagnostically, glaucoma is a disease suited to a preventive approach. Due to differences in intrinsic constitution, diet and environmental conditions, there is a clear need for well collected population-based IOP data in different countries. In the present study, after controlling for the factors that can effect IOP, we investigated the distribution of intraocular pressure in 7201 healthy subjects of both sexes of Karachi, Pakistan. In both sexes, distribution of IOP slightly skewed towards the higher values. In males and females, 85.1% and 82.2% individuals ranged from 11 to 18 mmHg, 4.3% and 3.2% ranged from 8 to 10 mmHg, 7.1% and 11.2% ranged from 19 to 21 mmHg, respectively. Ocular hypertension (IOP > 21 mmHg) was found in 3.5% males and 3.7% females. Intraocular pressure increased with age in both eyes of both sexes. The averages per decade increase were 0.3 mmHg and 0.5 mmHg in male and female respectively. This study reports that an average per decade increase, women have 0.4 mmHg higher IOP than men. The male-female difference was not statistically significant until the age groups reached 31-40 years, after which the differences became significant. Right and left eyes IOPs were found to be 14.3 +/- 0.17 and 14.4 +/- 0.12 mmHg in male and 14.6 +/- 0.14 and 14.8 +/- 0.15 mmHg in females respectively. This survey shows that mean IOP of Pakistani population is similar to the IOP found in other epidemiologic investigations; the prevalence of ocular hypertension, however, seems to be slightly higher. Knowledge of the normal level of IOP in various age groups of both sexes will help to screen glaucoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of local application of 1% dopamine on intraocular pressure and pupillary diameter.

This paper deals with the experimental results of the effect of 1% dopamine on intraocular pressure, pupillary diameter and hemodynamic parameters after its local application in the rabbit eye. Our results show that locally applied dopamine caused an initial increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) (1 h), followed by its decrease that was the most pronounced 3 hours later. Mydriasis was an immediate effect of dopamine, which persisted until the end of the second hour. There were no changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Although the exact mechanism of dopamine effect on IOP is not known yet, our results point out that this is mainly due to the decrease fo aqueous humor formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect of posture on the intraocular pressure of patients with retinal vein obstruction.

The effect of change of posture on the level of the intraocular pressure was studied in 22 patients who had suffered 'occlusion' of a central retinal vein, 14 patients with occlusion of a tributary of the central vein, and 23 normal subjects. The results showed a significant difference in behaviour between subjects in the control group and both groups of patients with retinal vein occlusions. In general it appears that the normal person maintains a relatively rigid control of ocular tension. The eyes are maintained at similar pressures which vary very little with change in posture. In contrast, the patient with a retinal vein occlusion (whether central or tributary) does not appear to have a similar degree of control. The eyes are not maintained at closely similar pressures, and each eye shows a change of pressure with change of posture which is considerably greater than that shown by the eyes of normal persons. The significance of these results is discussed with particular reference to the clinical association of retinal vein occlusion and chronic simple glaucoma, in which latter condition a similar lack of postural control of the intraocular pressure is found.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The prediction of intraocular pressure rise following argon laser trabeculoplasty.

Forty-five patients with poorly controlled chronic open angle glaucoma underwent pneumotonography immediately prior to argon laser trabeculoplasty. The coefficient of facility of outflow (c-value) was calculated from the pneumotonography and correlated with the intraocular pressure rise one hour after the argon laser trabeculoplasty. It appeared that there was a strong relationship between a low c-value indicating a poor outflow facility and a large intraocular pressure rise following argon laser trabeculoplasty. The implications of being able to predict the intraocular pressure rise after argon laser trabeculoplasty are discussed.

Glaucoma, Open-Angle↗
PubMed2004

[Visual fields changes in chronic angle closure glaucoma patients after their intraocular pressures were well controlled].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the progression of visual field loss and to explore the prognosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in patients with chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) after their intraocular pressures were well controlled under 21 mmHg. METHODS: Forty-seven eyes of 29 patients in the Department of Ophthalmology in PUMC Hospital were included. All the patients had at least two separate tests of visual fields using the 24-2 program of the Humphery Visual Field Analyzer after their intraocular pressure were well controlled under 21 mmHg after sugery. The visual fields of patients were followed routinely for at least 1 year. In addition, all patients were divided into 2 groups according to follow-up period: 1-2 years group and over 2 years group. Visual field scores were calculated with the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS) method. The visual fields were divided 5 sections and the sensitivity and defect depth of each section were calculated. RESULT: No statistically significant differences were found in terms of AGIS scores, localized sensitivities and localized defects within the time interval of the observation. CONCLUSION: Glaucomatous optic neuropathy is not likely to progressively deteriorate in CACG cases once their intraocular pressure are well controlled under 21 mmHg.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of the effects of latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost on circadian intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

PURPOSE: To compare 24-hour reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) by latanoprost 0.005%, travoprost 0.004%, and bimatoprost 0.03% in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OH). DESIGN: Randomized, double-masked, crossover study. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four patients with POAG and 20 with OH. METHODS: Patients were treated with latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost for 1 month. The treatment sequence was randomized, and washout lasted 30 days for each trial drug. Four 24-hour tonometric curves were recorded for each patient: 1 at baseline and 1 after each treatment period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intraocular pressure was measured at 3, 6, and 9 am; noon; 3, 6, and 9 pm; and midnight by 2 treatment-masked well-trained evaluators using a handheld electronic tonometer with the patient in supine and sitting positions and a Goldmann applanation tonometer with the patient sitting at the slit lamp. Supine systemic blood pressure was recorded at the same times. A randomized-blocks analysis of variance was used to analyze data. RESULTS: All 3 drugs were highly effective in reducing IOP when compared to baseline. Mean IOP reductions were similar after the 3 prostaglandin analogs, and none of the differences among treatments reached statistical significance. The drugs' effect was significantly greater during the daytime (9 am-9 pm) than during the nighttime (midnight-6 am) with all prostaglandin analogs. In 7 of 44 patients (16%), nocturnal IOP was significantly higher than diurnal IOP, both at baseline and under the 3 prostaglandin analogs. CONCLUSIONS: From a clinical point of view, the overall results seem to indicate that the 3 prostaglandin analogs are powerful agents in controlling round-the-clock IOP in POAG and OH patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Intraocular pressure after cataract surgery with Healon.

We studied the intraocular pressure (IOP) following extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation in 75 cases. Sodium hyaluronate (Healon) was used in all cases. In 40 cases, Healon was left in the eyes; in 35, the eyes were irrigated to remove Healon from the anterior chamber. When Healon was left in the eyes, 35% had an IOP increase of greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg during the initial ten hours, compared to 11% of the group in which Healon was irrigated out. Twenty hours after surgery, the irrigated eyes had an average lower IOP than the nonirrigated eyes, 15.6 mm Hg versus 23.8 mm Hg.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1996

Short-and long-term effect of clear corneal incisions on intraocular pressure.

PURPOSE: To evaluate short- and long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery using clear corneal incision to assess whether there is a statistically significant postoperative IOP decrease. SETTING: Advanced Vision Care, West Hills, California. METHODS: We retrospectively 135 eyes of 89 randomly selected patients who had scleral tunnel or clear corneal cataract surgery with a follow-up of at least 6 months. Patients with pre-existing glaucoma were excluded. RESULTS: In the clear corneal group (n = 84), mean IOP was statistically significantly lower (P = .019) 12 months after surgery than preoperatively (13.65 versus 15.57 mm Hg). Although there was a trend toward decreased IOP in the scleral tunnel incision group (n = 51), the difference was not statistically significant (P = .178). CONCLUSION: We found a trend toward lower IOP that, if permanent, raises serious implications about the necessity of combined procedures in patients with both glaucoma and cataract.

Aged↗