SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Immunity, Humoral”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

[Changes in the population composition of the peripheral blood lymphocytes and the humoral immune response of persons inoculated with live influenza vaccines].

Live influenza vaccines prepared from influenza virus strains H/32/5 (H1N1) and H/1/2/17 (H3N2) induce the formation of humoral immunity only in a part of the vaccinees and cause the transitory quantitative deficiency of T-lymphocytes in their blood, resulting in the poorly pronounced booster effect of the subsequent revaccination.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed1982

[Development of humoral immunity to heterologous antigen in the parenteral and peroral administration of pertussis vaccine].

The influence of pertussis vaccine administered by different methods on the development of humoral immune response to heterologous antigen obtained from the bovine spinal cord has been studied on rabbits. Pertussis vaccine introduced into the body of animals simultaneously with the heterologous antigen has been found to induce, besides protective anti-pertussis immunity, the development of reagin immune response to the antigen of cerebrospinal tissue. The reagin response was more pronounced in the animals receiving pertussis vaccine parenterally. At the same time, on days 10-15 after immunization by both methods a decrease in the IgG and IgM levels and their subsequent increase were registered. These data suggest that the parenteral administration of pertussis vaccine creates a higher allergic background in the body in comparison with oral immunization.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1982

Cell mediated and humoral immune responses in human typhoid fever.

The leucocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) and the Widal test have been used to investigate the cell mediated (CMIR) and humoral immune responses (HIR) in 43 typhoid patients in comparison with the responses in 83 control subjects in two groups (65 normal persons and 18 sewerage workers) who were occupationally exposed to human faeces. The patients and the sewerage workers showed significantly higher CMIR than the normal persons. The O, H, and Vi antibody titres were significantly higher in the patients than in both control groups. Neither the CMIR nor the antibody titres differed significantly between the adult and paediatric patients. While we confirm that a CMIR does develop in typhoid patients, we found no correlation between the CMIR and the occurrence of complications. Neither the duration of the illness (after the first week) nor chloramphenicol therapy affected the CMIR or the HIR.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Indices of cellular and humoral immunity in chronic myeloproliferative diseases].

The populations of lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins were explored in 20 patients with erythremia, 26 patients with sub-leukemic myelosis, 38 patients with pronounced chronic myeloid leukemia, and 33 patients with the blastic phase of the illness. The patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases manifested cellular immunodeficiency that was aggravated as the disease progressed. In the pronounced stage, the patients showed relative preservation of humoral immunity whereas in the terminal stage they developed humoral deficiency. Study of the time-course of changes in the immunological characteristics has demonstrated that deterioration of the characteristics starts during blast transformation of myeloproliferative diseases. This may serve as a criterion for predicting exacerbations and early diagnosis of the blastic phase.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Humoral immune responses against minute virus of mice vectors.

BACKGROUND: Owing to their oncolytic properties, autonomous rodent parvoviruses and derived vectors constitute potential anti-tumor agents. METHODS: Humoral immune responses to minute virus of mice (MVMp) were characterized. In particular, the generation of neutralizing antibodies on subsequent therapeutic virus applications was evaluated in a mouse melanoma model. Mice bearing subcutaneous melanomas were injected intratumorally with virus and re-injected 10 days later in a second tumor on the other flank. Four days after the first or second injection, the tumors and lymph nodes were analyzed by RT-PCR for gene expression. RESULTS: Injection of MVMp in tumor-bearing B6 mice resulted in viral gene expression in tumors and draining lymph nodes. A repeated virus administration did not lead to detectable viral transcription if it was preceded by a virus infection 10 days earlier. This protection correlated with the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies following the first virus application. The restrictions on viral gene expression after a consecutive MVMp injection could be alleviated in subsequent applications by the use of viruses consisting of MVMp genomes packaged into capsids of a related parvovirus. Neutralizing antibody induction was irrespective of the route of administration and of the presence of a tumor and persisted at significant levels at least up to 26 weeks after the viral infection. MVMp infection of B6 mice stimulated the generation of IgM and IgG anti-viral antibodies, the latter mainly of the T-helper (Th) 1-dependent IgG2, and the T-cell-independent IgG3 subclasses. CONCLUSIONS: Neutralizing antibodies impede the effectiveness of a subsequent virus administration, but can be overcome by pseudotyping.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Immunomodulatory effect of cyclophosphamide on host humoral immunity in Dunning's R-3327 adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

The object of the present investigations was delineation of the exclusive effects of cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) on host humoral response to tumor, as evaluated by the level of circulating antigen/antibody complexes (AACs), which may reflect the chemo-responsiveness of hosts and provide a rationale for new therapeutic strategies. Our data, recorded in Copenhagen X Fischer rats bearing Dunning's R-3327 Mat Ly-Lu adenocarcinoma of the prostate, show no modulatory effect of cyclophosphamide at 10 mg/kg, a nonspecific immunosuppressive effect at 30 mg/kg, and a definite immunostimulatory effect on host humoral immunity at 100 mg/kg. Sequential determination of AAC levels at different stages of tumor growth, i.e. from the primary to the metastatic stage, performed with the original purpose of demonstrating that any disturbance in the immunoregulatory mechanism of the host was due to cyclophosphamide rather than to changes in tumor load, revealed that levels of AACs parallel disease progression in the initial stages of primary tumor growth but rapidly decrease to near-normal levels in the presence of heavy tumor burden.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

Humoral immune parameters in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) II. The effects of size and gender under different environmental conditions.

The effects of size and gender on several humoral immune parameters in cod were examined under different environmental conditions. Serum samples were collected from wild cod of different sizes. Two samplings were undertaken: In the spring in relatively cold waters off the north west coast of Iceland and in the fall in relatively warm waters off the west coast of Iceland. Most of the parameters increased with increasing cod size, except the haemolytic activity which decreased. Higher serum protein levels were seen in cod sampled in the fall than in the spring. In cod sampled in the spring there was an apparent difference between specimens < 75 cm in length and the larger specimens with respect to haemolytic activity and iron concentration. None of the parameters were influenced by the gender of the cod.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed2002

Modulation of orientation and exploratory behavior in mice during development of humoral immune response.

We demonstrated opposite changes in the orientation and exploratory behavior of (CBAxC57Bl/6)F(1) mice in the open field test during the formation of primary humoral immune response. These changes depended on initial behavioral activity: the exploratory behavior was suppressed in animals with initially high activity, stimulated in animals with medium reaction, and remained unchanged in mice with initially low activity. The detected changes in the exploratory behavior during the formation of immune response were leveled in the total population (not divided by initial behavioral status).

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Follow-up of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees: determination of viraemia and specific humoral immune response.

Chimpanzees were inoculated intravenously with the H strain of hepatitis C virus (HCV), and analysed for viraemia using the polymerase chain reaction and for a humoral immune response using first and second generation anti-HCV ELISAs and an immunoblot assay (4-RIBA). In all seven chimpanzees studied, viraemia occurred several weeks before a significant increase in serum alanine transferase (ALT) activity, whereas the first circulating anti-HCV antibodies became detectable at the time of significant increase in ALT levels, provided the second generation ELISA or 4-RIBA was used. On the basis of the duration of viraemia the chimpanzees studied could be assigned to two different groups: those in which viraemia disappeared in conjunction with or shortly after seroconversion, and those remaining viraemic for many weeks after the appearance of antibodies. The clearance of HCV from the circulation did not correlate with the antibody pattern determined using 4-RIBA, i.e. the HCV-specific assays currently available do not enable us to predict whether an infected chimpanzee will develop persistent viraemia. Only two of the seven chimpanzees analysed developed anti-core protein (c-22) antibodies, which appeared at the same time as the first ALT peak, whereas all animals developed antibodies to the non-structural protein, c-33, and these antibodies persisted.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed2005

Role of helper T cells in the humoral immune responses against 53-kDa outer membrane protein from Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Outer membrane protein with a 53-kDa molecular weight (Ag53) isolated from Porphyromonas gingivalis evokes strong humoral immune responses in many periodontitis patients. To examine the effects of cytokines produced by Ag53-specific Th cells on the IgG production against Ag53, we established Ag53-specific Th-cell lines from patients with early onset periodontitis and from healthy volunteers. We then developed a mixed lymphocyte culture system between Ag53-specific Th cells and auto- or allo-derived T-cell-depleted leukocytes produced from the subjects whose HLA class II haplotypes were completely matched. Interferon-gamma production was observed in all Th cell lines from patients and healthy subjects. As for Th2 type cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 production varied greatly in Th cells regardless of the periodontal condition of the donor. Only Th cell lines with a high Th2/Th1 ratio induced Ag53-specific IgG production when cocultured with T-cell-depleted leukocytes. Thus, the difference in Th2/Th1 balance may regulate the Ag53-specific IgG production.

Aggressive Periodontitis↗

PubMed1996

Humoral immune response against lipopolysaccharide and cytoplasmic proteins of Brucella abortus in cattle vaccinated with B. abortus S19 or experimentally infected with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:9.

The humoral immune responses against three different antigens of Brucella abortus were monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cattle vaccinated with B. abortus S19 or experimentally infected with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:9. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM responses against (i) B. abortus lipopolysaccharide (LPS), (ii) total cytoplasmic proteins depleted of LPS (LPS-free CYT), and (iii) B. abortus 18-kDa cytoplasmic protein were measured. Vaccinated animals and Yersinia-infected animals developed high anti-LPS IgM and IgG titers, which overlapped with those obtained with sera from B. abortus 544-infected animals used as positive controls. In contrast, only a slight or negative IgG and IgM response against LPS-free CYT and the 18-kDa protein was detected in vaccinated or Yersinia-infected cattle, although its levels were always significantly lower than those of B. abortus 544-infected animals. These data indicate that cytoplasmic proteins of B. abortus could be useful for the differential diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Immunosuppression by leukemia viruses. Effect of Friend leukemia virus on humoral immune competence of leukemia-resistant C57BL/6 mice.

Infection of genetically resistant C57BL/6 mice with Friend leukemia virus resulted in a marked but transient immunodepression of the humoral immune response to sheep erythrocytes. The primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes was depressed in mice infected 1 or 3 days before challenge immunization, but no suppression was observed when the interval was greater. The suppression coincided with the time of transient viremia in the mice. The secondary immune response to sheep erythrocytes was inhibited when virus was injected within a few days before booster immunization. Induction of immunologic "memory" to sheep erythrocytes was also blocked in C57BL/6 mice given virus before priming with the SRBC. The immunosuppressive activity appeared due to a marked but transient effect of the virus on antibody precursor cells, as ascertained by cell transfer experiments. These observations are pertinent to the general question to the cellular site of action of immunosuppressive tumor viruses and the relationship between immunosuppression and the neoplastic properties of the RNA viruses.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

[Effect of levamisole on the cellular and humoral immunity indices in patients with chronic brucellosis].

In chronic brucellosis patients receiving levamisole and placebo the dynamics of quantitative and functional characteristics of cell-mediated and humoral immunity have been studied. The immunomodulating effect of levamisole, manifested only in the process of treatment by a rise in the number of circulating lymphoid cells, their functional capacity, a decrease in the disproportion of immunoregulatory cells and the amount of circulating immune complexes, has been established. The positive dynamics of immunological characteristics have been found to improve both immediate and remote results of the clinical effectiveness of levamisole.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed1988

[Effect of hemosorption on the level of medium molecular mass polypeptides and humoral immunity in patients with peritonitis].

An examination of 43 patients with acute diffuse peritonitis of various etiology has revealed different direction of the dynamics of indices of humoral immunity (M, G, A immunoglobulins, general complement activity, circulating immune complexes) depending on the level of middle mass polypeptides (MMP) in the patient's blood. Hemosorption in peritonitis was established to allow rapid and effective elimination of MMP in patients with high content and thus control critical endotoxicosis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of cellular and humoral immunity as well as of resistance to the rabies virus in rabies vaccination].

Experiments in CBA and BALB/c mice showed that after vaccination against rabies alongside with humoral immune response there developed a clone of cells sensitized to rabies antigen which, upon a secondary exposure to it, responded by increased blast formation. The immunological memory to the rabies antigen was found to be specific and to persist for up to 100 days (the observation period). Immunization of mice with rabies vaccine using various schedules and in combination with interferon inducers revealed no correlation between the lymphocyte blastogenesis parameters and virus-neutralizing antibody levels or the intensity of immunity to street rabies virus. The lymphocyte blasttransformation test with nonspecific mitogens may also be used for evaluation of the toxicity of new preparations.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

[Status of humoral immunity in patients with severe craniocerebral injuries in the acute and late periods].

A group of 105 patients with contusion foci in the brain was studied for humoral immunity (determinations of IgA, IgG and IgM) in the process of their surgical and conservative treatment, on days 1, 7, 21, 30 and 60. and at 1, 3 and 5 years following contusion foci removal. The decreased levels of IgA, IgG and IgM were revealed at all periods of the traumatic disease. The greatest impairment of immunologic response was observed on day 1 and 7 of disease which was correlated with the severe status of patients, duration and depth of unconsciousness, the severity of general cerebral and focal symptomatology and with attendant bronchopulmonary complications. Immunological methods of investigation in conjunction with clinical ones are of great diagnostic and prognostic value.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolated and combined effects of low-level ionizing radiation and hydroquinone on the humoral immunity in the regional lymph nodes].

The whole-body exposure of mice to 0.1 Gy gamma-radiation resulted in stimulation of T-cell dependent humoral immune response in lymph nodes. At the same time enhancement of susceptibility of immunocompetent cells to damaging effect of hydroquinone was observed. Under irradiation with doses of 0.5 or 1 Gy which cause dose-dependent immunosuppression, hydroquinone induced stimulation of antigen production.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Humoral immunity is the dominant barrier for allogeneic bone marrow engraftment in sensitized recipients.

We evaluated the relative contribution of the humoral and cellular arms of the immune response to bone marrow cells transplanted into sensitized recipients. We report here for the first time that humoral immunity contributes predominantly to allosensitization. Although the major role for nonmyeloablative conditioning is to control alloreactive host T cells in nonsensitized recipients, strikingly, none of the strategies directed primarily at T-cell alloreactivity enhanced engraftment in sensitized mice. In evaluating the mechanism behind this barrier, we found that humoral immunity plays a critical role in the rejection of allogeneic marrow in sensitized recipients. Adoptive transfer of as little as 25 microL serum from sensitized mice abrogated engraftment in secondary naive recipients. With the use of microMT mice as recipients, we found that T-cell-mediated immunity plays a secondary but still significant role in allorejection. Targeting of T cells in sensitized B-cell-deficient microMT mice enhanced alloengraftment. Moreover, both T- and B-cell tolerance were achieved in sensitized recipients when allochimerism was established, as evidenced by the acceptance of second donor skin grafts and loss of circulating donor-specific Abs. These findings have important implications for the management of sensitized transplant recipients and for xenotransplantation in which B-cell reactivity is a predominant barrier.

Animals↗