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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A microcomputer-based information management system for a nurse-managed clinic.

A project team from a nurse-managed health care center designed and used a microcomputer-based information management system to document the activities of their clinic. Commercial software, dBase III Plus, was used to program the system, called Nurse Education Link to Aged Center (NELAC). NELAC reflects the center's philosophy of helping clients attain maximum satisfaction of their health care needs through self care. NELAC's specific purposes include 1) matching student nurses with potential clients for clinical experiences; 2) providing an efficient reminder system to improve follow-up care for clients; 3) maintaining longitudinal client records; 4) producing reports of services and activities of the center; and 5) providing aggregate data for research.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2005

[Design of the mobile clinical information system based on PDA].

This paper is based upon a certain hospital's Mobile Clinical Information System. It discusses the design of the system in detail from three aspects: its function, its framework and the selection of its software and hardware. Finally some discussions are made for its improvement and perfection. PDA (personal digital assistant), clinical information, wireless network

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed1990

Automatic karyotyping of plant chromosomes by imaging techniques.

Chromosomes of Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. were analyzed using a newly developed chromosome image analyzing system, CHIAS-mini. The CHIAS-mini is a desktop system which consists of an ordinary 16-bit personal computer and an image processor as the main frames. Data acquisition, karyotyping and idiogramming of the plant chromosomes were automatically carried out with some manual interaction. The data obtained were comparable to those obtained manually and by a standard image analyzer already developed.

Computers, Mainframe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Primary prevention: environmental modification and changes in chronic respiratory pathology in workers in a metallurgical industry].

The authors analyse the data connected with chronic pulmonary diseases (mainly bronchitis) of two groups of workers, both belonging to the same metallurgical factory. The data is taken in two different periods, before and after the introduction of measures for primary prevention in the factory. The results confirm that the overall cases of pulmonary diseases are greatly reduced by a correct improvement in the working environment. Moreover, they confirm that a dangerous working environment affects the breathing system more prominently then other factors such as smoking, etc.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1997

[The development of a laser back-scattering erythrocyte-aggregometer].

In this paper, an erythrocyte-aggregometer based on the analysis of the light intensity back-scattered by a blood suspension is presented and described in detail. It allows to approach aggregation phenomenon in terms of kinetics, structural and rheological parameters. A personal computer and a microcomputer are applied to automate the system's sampling, data-processing and data-restoring procedure.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1988

Activities of and time spent by the project dietitian in implementing a custom-designed decision support system for a computer.

Part 1 of this study involved development and implementation of a prototype of Interactive Foodservice Decision Assist Methods (IFDAM) software. A 1-day menu from the Health Center of Methodist Health Services, Inc., which included 161 menu items and 181 ingredients, composed the data base. The prototype was used to test transfer procedures from the mainframe computer at the university to the one at the hospital and to test the program and train users. Three supporting documents were written. The Procedure Manual described methodology for data collection and use of IFDAM at the Health Center. The Data-Entry Manual explained the use of the microcomputer for entering information into IFDAM. The User Manual illustrated the command structure of IFDAM. Part 2 of the study included the addition of data from five cost centers, which were serviced from the central production facility of the Health Center. Six-week-cycle menus and all ingredient files in the foodservice were incorporated into the data base. The data totaled 998 menu items and 660 ingredients. Time spent by the project dietitian on development of data bases and support manuals, completion of data forms, data entry and transfer, conferences, and training totaled 362.10 hours and 898.75 hours in Parts 1 and 2, respectively. The project required 30 months to complete. Problems, classified as equipment, program, or personnel, delayed implementation.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1989

Clinicians' satisfaction with Grateful Med: an exploratory study.

End-user search software is designed to simplify online searching for the casual searcher. User-friendly features provide relatively easy online access to remote databases without the need for expert search systems. At issue is whether the simplified features of such software compromise what is potentially retrievable, and if so, whether the missing information is critical to the end user. A study was designed to address this question, particularly as applied to clinicians using a user-friendly search software package such as Grateful Med. Clinician participants compared their Grateful Med search results with a full Elhill search (as performed by an intermediary) and indicated whether references unique to either search were or were not critical to their information needs.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation by school nurses of the Nursing Intervention Classification for computer software.

Validation of standardized nursing language for use by specialty nurses is important for the design of computer software. The purposes of this study were to validate the usefulness of the 433 interventions in the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) for school nurses and to identify interventions that could be omitted from computer software for school nurses. A school nursing listserv, SCHLRN-L, was used to recruit volunteers. Ninety-three volunteers from the listserv also recruited 26 school nurses who were not members of the listserv. The total sample was 102 school nurses from 25 states and other areas, 76 listserv volunteers, and 26 others. E-mail was used to send and receive the survey forms to portions of the sample. A majority of interventions (n = 241; 56%) were selected as used by more than 50% of the sample. Of these, 53 direct care interventions were selected as used by more than 80% of the sample. Fifty interventions were not used by 100% of the sample. E-mail was a useful means to obtain a national sample and collect data.

Classification↗
PubMed2005

Assessing team performance in the operating room: development and use of a "black-box" recorder and other tools for the intraoperative environment.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this research was to develop a digital system to archive the complete operative environment along with the assessment tools for analysis of this data, allowing prospective studies of operative performance, intraoperative errors, team performance, and communication. Ability to study this environment will yield new insights, allowing design of systems to avoid preventable errors that contribute to perioperative complications. STUDY DESIGN: A multitrack, synchronized, digital audio-visual recording system (RATE tool) was developed to monitor intraoperative performance, including software to synchronize data and allow assignment of independent observational scores. Cases were scored for technical performance, participants' situational awareness (knowledge of critical information), and their comfort and satisfaction with the conduct of the procedure. RESULTS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 10) was studied. Technical performance of the RATE tool was excellent. The RATE tool allowed real time, multitrack data collection of all aspects of the operative environment, while permitting digital recording of the objective assessment data in a time synchronized and annotated fashion during the procedure. The mean technical performance score was 73% +/- 28% of maximum (perfect) performance. Situational awareness varied widely among team members, with the attending surgeon typically the only team member having comprehensive knowledge of critical case information. CONCLUSIONS: The RATE tool allows prospective analysis of performance measures such as technical judgments, team performance, and communication patterns, offers the opportunity to conduct prospective intraoperative studies of human performance, and allows for postoperative discussion, review, and teaching. This study also suggests that gaps in situational awareness might be an underappreciated source of operative adverse events. Future uses of this system will aid teaching, failure or adverse event analysis, and intervention research.

Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗
PubMed2003

Telemonitoring of patients at home: a software agent approach.

To address the issue of the increasing social, economical and medical needs of maintaining at home people in loss of autonomy while preserving privacy and quality of life, the authors present a software agent based telemonitoring and alarm raising system. The article describes the overall architecture, the various components of the model, and the methodology that has been used. It specifically addresses the issue of reflecting in the object oriented model of the system various dimensions including: the physical world of in-home bio-signal sensors, the numerical world of software agents and Internet-related technologies, and the medical and social worlds of patients, physicians and caregivers. In the model, the main stream of information goes from the biophysical world of patients at home to the socio-medical world of carers through a chain of devices including in-home sensors, local area network, home computer, remote server, and carers' computers. Each device hosts software agents with different levels of knowledge and complexity. Internet and Java technologies provide the building blocks of the designed telemonitoring software. Laboratory experiments have been realized using a fully equipped 'smart' demonstration home for telecare. The study takes place into a more general research project on 'smart' homes for telecare conducted at the Hospital Centre of Grenoble, France.

Computer Security↗
PubMed2002

User-friendly technology to help family carers cope.

BACKGROUND: Increases in the older adult population are occurring simultaneously with a growth in new technology. Modern technology presents an opportunity to enhance the quality of life and independence of older people and their family carers through communication and access to health care information. AIM: To evaluate the usability of a multimedia software application designed to provide family carers of the elderly or disabled with information, advice and psychological support to increase their coping capacity. INTERVENTION: The interactive application consisted of an information-based package that provided carers with advice on the promotion of psychological health, including relaxation and other coping strategies. The software application also included a carer self-assessment instrument, designed to provide both family and professional carers with information to assess how family carers were coping with their care-giving role. DESIGN: Usability evaluation was carried out in two stages. In the first stage (verification), user trials and an evaluation questionnaire were used to refine and develop the content and usability of the multimedia software application. In the second (demonstration), stage evaluation questionnaires were used to appraise the usability of the modified software application. FINDINGS: The findings evidenced that the majority of users found the software to be usable and informative. Some areas were highlighted for improvement in the navigation of the software. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that with further refinement, the software application has the potential to offer information and support to those who are caring for the elderly and disabled at home.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Metaparadigm: a soft and situation oriented MIS design approach.

Every-day routine work performed by medical staff can be enormous, thus continuing education, diagnostic assistance, medical research or literature searches remains only an aspiration for them. The appearance of the computer-based information technology has initiated the possibility to significantly ease these routine activities and enable the medical staff to devote more time to enhanced creative work. However, only when medical staff can use computers reliably, effectively, democratically, easily, and in natural, intuitive fashion, medical information system (MIS) will be used enthusiastically and favourably. In that manner special attention must be dedicated to MIS design. The aim of our paper is to introduce the new (M)IS design approach called metaparadigm and show its applicability to MIS design. A metaparadigm is a holistic, participative and systemic approach, incorporating design activities needed to construct both the (M)IS design paradigm and the selected (M)IS. It is our deepest belief that metaparadigms employment can enhance many IS design weaknesses and result in the successful medical information systems design and use.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1995

The learning process in the epistemology of medical information.

Progress in the past few decades in representing medical knowledge, along with the availability of low-cost, powerful workstation computers, has increased interest in encoding all medical records in electronic form. But despite the advantages of legibility, access, and automated performance reviews, computerization may also restrict what can be recorded and rigidify health care interactions with patients. Balancing the beneficial and negative effects requires an understanding of medical practice, especially the difference between human knowledge and today's computer programs. Human perceptual and conceptual capabilities bring an aspect of improvisation and reinterpretation to every human action, which in general computers today cannot replicate. Designers of medical record systems must consider the creative process by which descriptions are generated by people, as well as the collaborative process by which descriptions of past work are reinterpreted for guiding future decisions. This paper provides a framework for understanding these issues, illustrated by design opportunities.

Holistic Health↗
PubMed2005

Toward supportive data collection tools for plant metabolomics.

Over recent years, a number of initiatives have proposed standard reporting guidelines for functional genomics experiments. Associated with these are data models that may be used as the basis of the design of software tools that store and transmit experiment data in standard formats. Central to the success of such data handling tools is their usability. Successful data handling tools are expected to yield benefits in time saving and in quality assurance. Here, we describe the collection of datasets that conform to the recently proposed data model for plant metabolomics known as ArMet (architecture for metabolomics) and illustrate a number of approaches to robust data collection that have been developed in collaboration between software engineers and biologists. These examples also serve to validate ArMet from the data collection perspective by demonstrating that a range of software tools, supporting data recording and data upload to central databases, can be built using the data model as the basis of their design.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed1989

Automated analysis of prerecorded evoked electromyographic activity from rat muscle.

An automated microprocessor-based data acquisition and analysis system has been developed specifically to quantify electromyographic (EMG) activity induced by the convulsant agent catechol in the anaesthetized rat. The stimulus and EMG response are recorded on magnetic tape. On playback, the stimulus triggers a digital oscilloscope and, via interface circuitry, a BBC B microcomputer. The myoelectric activity is digitized by the oscilloscope before being transferred under computer control via a RS232 link to the microcomputer. This system overcomes the problems of dealing with signals of variable latency and allows quantification of latency, amplitude, area and frequency of occurrence of specific components within the signal. The captured data can be used to generate either signal or superimposed high resolution graphic reproductions of the original waveforms. Although this system has been designed for a specific application, it could easily be modified to allow analysis of any complex waveform.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rational combinatorial library design. 1. Focus-2D: a new approach to the design of targeted combinatorial chemical libraries.

We describe a new computational approach, called Focus-2D, to the rational design of targeted combinatorial chemical libraries. This approach is based on the hypothesis that structurally similar compounds display similar biological activity profiles. Building blocks that are used in a combinatorial chemical synthesis are randomly assembled to produce virtual library compounds. Individual library compounds are represented by Kier-Hall topological descriptors. Molecular similarities between compounds are evaluated quantitatively by modified pairwise Euclidean distances in multidimensional descriptor space. Simulated annealing is used to search the potentially large structural space of virtual chemical libraries to identify compounds similar to lead molecules. Frequency analysis of building block composition of selected virtual compounds identifies building blocks that can be used in combinatorial synthesis of chemical libraries with high similarity to the lead molecules. We show that this method correctly identifies building found in active peptoids with adrenergic or opioid activities.

Drug Design↗