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At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sex differences in prenatal oral-motor function and development.

The aim of this study was to investigate sex-related differences in the prenatal development of early oral, lingual, pharyngeal, and laryngeal motor activities. Sonographic images of oral-upper airway regions were observed in 85 healthy fetuses (43 males, 42 females; mean gestational age 24wks 3d [SD 0.69]; range 15-38wks). Biometric data on morphologic development and associated motor patterns were compared across second and third trimesters. Results showed that while males and females demonstrated statistically similar patterns of general physical growth (p>0.05), significant differences in development of specific lingual and pharyngeal structures were present (p<0.05). Significant differences were found for laryngeal and pharyngeal motor activity, and oral-lingual movements (p<0.05). Complex oral-motor and upper airway skills emerged earlier in females, suggesting a sex-specific trajectory of motor development. It was concluded that differential patterns of prenatal motor development may be important in defining sex-specific indices of oral skill maturation.

Female↗
PubMed2002

Rivastigmin and impaired motor function.

In this case study, we describe the case of an 88-year-old female patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease who developed a severe motor dysfunction as a side effect of rivastigmin treatment. There have been reports on motor dysfunctions caused by other choline esterase inhibitors.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Cardiac myosin missense mutations cause dilated cardiomyopathy in mouse models and depress molecular motor function.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) leads to heart failure, a leading cause of death in industrialized nations. Approximately 30% of DCM cases are genetic in origin, with some resulting from point mutations in cardiac myosin, the molecular motor of the heart. The effects of these mutations on myosin's molecular mechanics have not been determined. We have engineered two murine models characterizing the physiological, cellular, and molecular effects of DCM-causing missense mutations (S532P and F764L) in the alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain and compared them with WT mice. Mutant mice developed morphological and functional characteristics of DCM consistent with the human phenotypes. Contractile function of isolated myocytes was depressed and preceded left ventricular dilation and reduced fractional shortening. In an in vitro motility assay, both mutant cardiac myosins exhibited a reduced ability to translocate actin (V(actin)) but had similar force-generating capacities. Actin-activated ATPase activities were also reduced. Single-molecule laser trap experiments revealed that the lower V(actin) in the S532P mutant was due to a reduced ability of the motor to generate a step displacement and an alteration of the kinetics of its chemomechanical cycle. These results suggest that the depressed molecular function in cardiac myosin may initiate the events that cause the heart to remodel and become pathologically dilated.

Actins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breastfeeding of premature babies with less than 1500g: oral motor functioning and attachment].

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding of premature babies. AIM: To describe breastfeeding in premature babies with very low birth weight (VLBW) and its association with the oral motor system (OMS) and with maternal-child bonding. METHOD: A cross-sectional study with 48 VLBW premature babies. An interview with the mothers, as well as the evaluation of the newborns' OMS and signs of attachment was performed. Data was submitted to a descriptive analysis and to the Fischer Test. RESULTS: Variables that showed statistical association with nutritive sucking were: child's position at breast; nipple grasping; sucking coordination between sucking, breathing and swallowing; strength and maintenance; rhythm, and level of conscious. Twelve pair situations presented signs possible bonding problems. CONCLUSION: Components of OMS are associated to the quality of feeding of premature babies. This fact suggests that the early evaluation of breastfeeding can detect difficulties that could jeopardize adequate nutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Improvement of motor function in early Parkinson disease by safinamide.

A median safinamide (SAF) dose of 70 mg/day (range 40 to 90 mg/day) increased the percentage of parkinsonian patients improving their motor scores by > or =30% from baseline (responders) after 3 months from 21.4% (placebo) to 37.5% (p < 0.05, calculated by logistic regression analysis). In a subgroup of 101 patients under stable treatment with a single dopamine agonist, addition of SAF magnified the response (47.1% responders, mean 4.7-point motor score decrease; p > or = 0.05). These results suggest that doses of SAF exerting ion channel block and glutamate release inhibition add to its symptomatic effect and warrant exploration of higher doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Functional motor asymmetries in various mental disorders (according to the results of a psychodiagnostic myokinetic test)].

A subtest ("lineograms") of Mira Lopez's method was used for investigating interhemispheral functional asymmetry in 42 patients with schizophrenia, 102 patient-with various neuroses, and 40 psychically healthy subjects. It was found that the character and degree of the asymmetry in the patients with schizophrenia and neuroses differed from those observed in the healthy subjects. The results obtained show a high informative value of the method used for examining the interhemispheral interrelations in psychic diseases, and well agree with the presently existing concepts on relative functional specialization of the psychic activity of each brain hemisphere and the central nervous system peculiarities characteristic of some forms of neuroses.

Adult↗