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PubMed1986

Time relationship of immune changes to HTLV-III/LAV seroconversion in patients with hemophilia.

Longitudinal immune studies of patients with hemophilia A were begun in 1982 by the Regional Hemophilia Center in St. Louis, Missouri. Serum samples collected from 74 participants between 1982 and 1985 were analyzed for antibody to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III)/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). The incidence of antibody to HTLV-III/LAV has increased significantly in this population of patients with hemophilia. Only one of eight hemophiliacs had detectable antibody before July 1982, whereas 88.7% (55/62) were positive in 1985. T-cell surface markers were markedly abnormal in seropositive hemophilia patients with decreased percentage and number of OKT4-positive cells compared with seronegative hemophiliacs and controls. Lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens and antigens were normal in seronegative hemophilia patients. Seropositive hemophiliacs, compared with seronegative hemophiliacs, had significantly decreased lymphoproliferative responses, especially to pokeweed mitogen, tetanus, and Candida stimulations. Immune studies of seven HTLV-III/LAV seropositive hemophiliacs revealed antigen unresponsiveness and decreased T4 cells 2 to 32 months prior to development of full-blown AIDS. Longitudinal immune studies from 1983-85 revealed increasing number of seropositive hemophiliacs with antigen unresponsiveness and decreased T4 cells.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

[Poliomyelitis in New Caledonia. Virological and serological data. Pre-immune status and post-vaccinal seroconversion. Prophylactic strategy].

Five cases of paralytic poliomyelitis were noticed between August and November 1982 in the French Territory of New-Caledonia. An epidemiological study allowed to have a better apprehension on the coming back of poliovirus in the South Pacific where, for the past ten years, except in Papua New Guinea which remained an endemic zone, not a single case of poliomyelitis has been declared to the World Health Organization.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Poliomyelitis in New Caledonia: epidemiological data, post-vaccinal seroconversion, prophylactic strategy].

After an outbreak in 1956, poliomyelitis appears to get a sporadic development. Consequently, it has not been a major medical concern. In 1982, 5 cases of paralytic manifestations due to a polio virus of type 1 underlined the relationship between this reappearance of the disease, some neglecting in mass vaccination and some deficiency in sanitary conditions of the surroundings. A serologic monitoring, complementary to that survey, has been conducted up to 1984. It has shown that, in a number of zones of the territory, a natural immunization has appeared quickly. This immunization is of the same type that in some underdeveloped tropical countries: at 6, 93,3% of the children present protective antibodies against 1 type of virus, 40% against 2 types and 6,7% against the 3 types. Vaccination with non-active vaccine, adopted because the risks of interference linked to the frequency of excretion of the enteroviruses, is efficient. After a primo-vaccination followed by a booster dose one year later, sero-conversion ranges from 95,3% to 100% for type 1, 83,3% to 96,5% for type 2, 75% to 84,9% for type 3. On the other hand, sero-conversion observed one month after the second vaccination appeared to be unsatisfactory to lighter the vaccinal time-table.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A comparison of serological tests for the detection of HIV-antibodies. The clinical and serological course of one AIDS patient with seroconversion.

240 serum samples originating from various AIDS risk groups were tested for HIV-antibodies comparing an immunofluorescence test with the Western Blot and ELISA methods. In 95% of cases the results of the Western Blot and the immunofluorescence test were in accordance. In 12 samples the immunofluorescence test yielded positive results whereas there was no reaction in the Western Blot. Four of the sera were confirmed by the RIPA and yielded results which were in conformity with the immunofluorescence findings. A noteworthy case is a patient under observation since 1975 who had repeatedly shown negative Western Blot results but positive immunofluorescence responses and who had developed already marked clinical manifestations of AIDS. These findings indicate that the immunofluorescence test, employed as a confirmation method, is comparable to the Western Blot in its specificity (95.6%) but superior as far as sensitivity is concerned. Simplicity of performance and duration of test are the same for the immunofluorescence test and ELISA.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Lack of evidence of prolonged human immunodeficiency virus infection before antibody seroconversion.

Recently, considerable concern has been raised regarding the possibility that antibody-based screening tests for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may fail to detect certain high-risk individuals for prolonged periods of time. It has been proposed that testing for HIV-related antigen may be a necessary procedure to detect such individuals. To address this issue, we longitudinally studied two groups of homosexual men: direct sexual partners of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC) patients and individuals who ultimately sero-converted. There was no evidence of prolonged infection with HIV in the absence of detectable antibody in these two groups. It appears at this time that, even among subjects at very high risk for HIV infection, currently available antibody-based assays are sufficient to identify infected individuals.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗