SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “squamous”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: report of an unusual case and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of leukoplakia and underlying intraepithelial squamous cell neoplasia of the palpebral conjunctiva presenting in a patient wearing an ocular prosthesis. METHODS: The clinical presentation, histopathological findings and surgical outcome are described in a 62-year-old man in whom leukoplakic lesions of the palpebral conjunctiva in a socket fitted with an ocular prosthesis were noted in addition to squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lid skin. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed islands of squamous cell carcinoma in the skin lesion and squamous cell carcinoma-in-situ in the leukoplakic conjunctival specimen. Successful tumour excision and lid reconstruction were performed. CONCLUSION: This report highlights the successful treatment of long-standing conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma-in-situ associated with an ocular prosthesis and a general tendency to pre-neoplastic lesions of the skin. Regular examination of the sockets of patients wearing long-standing ocular prostheses is recommended.

Carcinoma in Situ↗

PubMed2001

The role of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

The level of p27 expression decreases during tumor development and progression. Loss of p27 protein provides independent prognostic information in breast, prostate, colon, stomach and lung carcinomas. We generated a new polyclonal antibody against p27 and carried out immunohistochemical analysis of p27 expression in 61 specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 10 carcinoma in situ specimens, and 5 squamous epithelial dysplasia specimens of the esophagus. We examined the correlation of p27 expression with various clinicopathologic features and prognosis. In squamous epithelial dysplasia, the p27-positive cells were located in the superficial normal-appearing cells, not in the atypical cells. In carcinoma in situ, the expression of p27 was markedly lower than in normal esophageal epithelium. In advanced squamous cell carcinomas, high p27 correlated significantly with the degree of differentiation (p = 0.0002) and the depth of tumor invasion (p = 0.001) was statistically significant. The high p27 expression group had a better prognosis than did the low or negative p27 expression groups, but these differences were not statistically significant. These observations may imply that a decrease in p27 expression occurs early on in the carcinogenesis of esophageal carcinoma. In addition, p27 expression may correlate with the histologic differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed2003

Carcinosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis associated with nephrolithiasis: a case report of each tumor type.

Both squamous cell carcinoma and carcinosarcoma of the renal pelvis are uncommon. We report on two cases, one carcinosarcoma and one squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. In the patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the left kidney, the tumor was neither detectable on preoperative radiological evaluation nor grossly visible in the surgical specimen. This patient, a 56-year-old man, presented with left lumbar pain, hematuria, fever, 4-5 kg weight loss, and untreated nephrolithiasis of the left kidney that had been diagnosed 20 years earlier. The second patient, an 87-year-old woman, also had a long history of left kidney nephrolithiasis and presented with left lumbar pain and hematuria. Both patients underwent nephrectomy for removal of the non-functioning hydronephrotic left kidney. In both cases, microscopic examination of the surgical specimen revealed squamous metaplasia and dysplasia in the pelvicalyceal mucosa, and islands of atypical squamous cells in the renal parenchyma. In the second case, the kidney also showed sarcomatous changes in the pelvis.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

CD34 microvessel density and VEGF expression in basal and squamous cell carcinoma.

Angiogenesis is a central process in the growth of solid tumors. The purpose of our study was to analyze the angiogenic pattern in squamous and basal cell carcinomas and to point out differences in microvessel density that could explain their different biological behaviour. Thirty-nine skin tumors (26 basal and 13 squamous cell carcinomas) were analyzed. In all samples, the microvessels density (MVD) and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA (VEGFmRNA) were analyzed, together with the inter-relationship between these two variables. Using the median value of the entire series (33 vessels per 2.22 mm2), tumors with low and high MVD were identified. The majority of cancers with high vascularization belonged to the squamous histotype (12 of 39), while 19 of the 26 basal cell carcinomas showed a lower number of microvessels than the median value (p = 0.0001). The median value of VEGFcDNA quantitation allowed us to distinguish tumors with high VEGF expression (> 470 molecules cDNA) from those with low (< or = 470 molecules) VEGF expression: 20 of the 26 basal cell carcinomas showed low VEGF expression, while 11 of the 13 squamous cell carcinomas showed high VEGFcDNA levels (p = 0.0003). Moreover, a significant association between a high microvessel density and high VEGFmRNA levels (p = 0.006) was found. Furthermore, when studying VEGF expression by immunohistochemistry, we obtained similar results and noted a correlation with VEGFmRNA expression (p < 0.0001). The association between high vascularization, high VEGF levels, and squamous cell histotype suggests the possible role of neoangiogenesis in determining the more aggressive biological behaviour of this type of cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Oxygen tension and vascular density in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The prognosis of patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix has been shown to depend on the oxygenation and vascularization status of the tumors. The purpose of the study reported here was to search for possible differences in oxygen tension and vascular density between adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Ten patients with adenocarcinoma and forty patients with squamous cell carcinoma were included in the study. Oxygen tension was measured polarographically using the Eppendorf pO2 Histograph 6650. Vascular density was determined by histological examination of tumor biopsies. The adenocarcinomas were significantly better oxygenated than the squamous cell carcinomas. The squamous cell carcinomas and the adenocarcinomas did not differ significantly in vascular density. The difference in prognosis between patients with adenocarcinoma and patients with squamous cell carcinoma is probably not attributable to differences in tumor oxygenation or vascularization.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1996

Expression of N-cadherin by human squamous carcinoma cells induces a scattered fibroblastic phenotype with disrupted cell-cell adhesion.

E-cadherin is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates calcium-dependent, homotypic cell-cell adhesion and plays an important role in maintaining the normal phenotype of epithelial cells. Disruption of E-cadherin activity in epithelial cells correlates with formation of metastatic tumors. Decreased adhesive function may be implemented in a number of ways including: (a) decreased expression of E-cadherin; (b) mutations in the gene encoding E-cadherin; or (c) mutations in the genes that encode the catenins, proteins that link the cadherins to the cytoskeleton and are essential for cadherin mediated cell-cell adhesion. In this study, we explored the possibility that inappropriate expression of a nonepithelial cadherin by an epithelial cell might also result in disruption of cell-cell adhesion. We showed that a squamous cell carcinoma-derived cell line expressed N-cadherin and displayed a scattered fibroblastic phenotype along with decreased expression of E- and P-cadherin. Transfection of this cell line with antisense N-cadherin resulted in reversion to a normal-appearing squamous epithelial cell with increased E- and P-cadherin expression. In addition, transfection of a normal-appearing squamous epithelial cell line with N-cadherin resulted in downregulation of both E- and P-cadherin and a scattered fibroblastic phenotype. In all cases, the levels of expression of N-cadherin and E-cadherin were inversely related to one another. In addition, we showed that some squamous cell carcinomas expressed N-cadherin in situ and those tumors expressing N-cadherin were invasive. These studies led us to propose a novel mechanism for tumorigenesis in squamous epithelial cells; i.e., inadvertent expression of a nonepithelial cadherin.

Cadherins↗

PubMed1999

A case of long-term survival with stage IV small cell lung cancer and early-stage central-type squamous cell lung cancer treated by photodynamic therapy.

The present report is on a 67-year-old man with stage IV small cell lung cancer and early-stage centrally located squamous cell cancer of the lung. He was diagnosed as small cell lung cancer with multiple metastasis to the ipsilateral lung and was found to have a central-type early-stage squamous cell cancer by bronchoscope. After obtaining a complete response to the small cell lung cancer with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy was applied to the squamous cell carcinoma, resulting in complete disappearance of the tumor. Recurrence of small cell cancer occurred at the ipsilateral lung and this patient died of small cell cancer 8 years after initiation of treatment. Post mortem examination confirmed complete disappearance of squamous cell cancer treated by photodynamic therapy. This is a rare case of long-term survival with stage IV small cell lung cancer and early-stage central-type squamous cell lung cancer successfully treated by photodynamic therapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

Induction of squamous cell carcinoma in the rat lung by 1,6-dinitropyrene.

The carcinogenicity of 1-nitropyrene [(1-NP) CAS: 5522-43-0] and 1,6-dinitropyrene [(1,6-DNP) CAS: 42397-64-8] was examined by their direct injection in a beeswax-tricaprylin vehicle into the lung of male F344/DuCrj rats. Of 28 rats given 0.15 mg of 1,6-DNP, 21 (75%) developed squamous cell carcinomas, 2 (7%) developed undifferentiated carcinomas, and 2 (7%) had squamous metaplasias in the lung by 72 weeks. In 32 rats that received 1.5 mg of 1-NP, neither carcinoma nor squamous metaplasia was induced. In all 19 rats (100%) given 0.5 mg of 3-methylcholanthrene [(MCA) CAS: 56-49-5], squamous cell carcinomas were induced earlier than in rats treated with 1,6-DNP. In 1 of 31 rats (3%) given the beeswax-tricaprylin vehicle only, squamous metaplasia was induced. Distant metastases of induced tumors were observed in 4 rats treated with 1,6-DNP and in 1 rat receiving MCA. Two lung tumors induced by 1,6-DNP were successively transplanted into the same strain of rats for 3 generations.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Mechanism of interferon beta-induced squamous differentiation and programmed cell death in human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines.

BACKGROUND: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality due largely to the failure of systemic chemotherapy. Thus, new therapeutic paradigms involving the manipulation of normal physiologic growth-regulatory mechanisms, such as terminal cellular differentiation or programmed cell death, are being explored. Interferons may function as antineoplastic agents, in part because of their effects on cell proliferation and differentiation. We have previously demonstrated the antiproliferative and differentiating effects of interferon beta (IFN beta). PURPOSE: The present investigation was designed to study the mechanism of IFN beta on squamous differentiation and/or programmed cell death in cultured NSCLC cells. METHODS: Cross-linked envelope competence and transglutaminase expression and activity were measured in three NSCLC cell lines (NCI-H226, NCI-H358, and NCI-H596) as common markers for squamous differentiation and programmed cell death. DNA fragmentation, as determined by gel electrophoretic analysis, served as a marker for programmed cell death. In addition, the expression of several regulatory and differentiation-related genes (measured by Northern blot analysis of messenger RNA levels) as well as protein kinase C activity was measured to begin to explore possible mechanisms of IFN beta activity. RESULTS: IFN beta-induced cross-linked envelope competence occurred in cell lines with squamous features (NCI-H226 and NCI-H596); conversely, DNA fragmentation occurred in cell lines with glandular features (NCI-H358 and NCI-H596). Stimulation of cross-linked envelope competence by IFN beta was associated with the induction of tissue transglutaminase activity. Both of these parameters were protein-synthesis independent. As previously observed for NCI-H596, IFN beta suppressed the growth of the other two cell lines. Total protein kinase C activity was not altered. Expression of a variety of possibly relevant oncogenes and other genes was variably altered by IFN beta. CONCLUSIONS: IFN beta induces programmed cell death in NSCLC cell lines in a phenotype-specific manner. The programmed cell death pathway represented by cross-linked envelope competence is dependent on the expression of the squamous phenotype and is protein-synthesis independent, suggesting post-translational mechanisms. In addition, squamous differentiation itself may be induced. Changes in gene expression, while not necessary for induction of cross-linked envelope competence, may be involved in other aspects of cellular homeostasis, such as growth suppression. IMPLICATIONS: By inducing terminal cellular differentiation or programmed cell death, IFN beta may be therapeutically useful in NSCLC. The post-translational nature of IFN beta-induced effects suggests that it will be best used in combination with other agents that can regulate these cellular pathways at the pretranslational level, increasing the proportion of cells capable of being driven to a terminal state by this biotherapeutic agent.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed1996

Chromosome 8 allelic loss and the outcome of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.

BACKGROUND: Loss of genetic heterogeneity (allelic loss or loss of heterozygosity) on chromosome arm 8p is frequent in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck and has been associated with poor prognosis. We have previously demonstrated that there are three minimal regions of allelic loss on this chromosome arm. The location of each region is marked by a microsatellite locus: D8S264 (8p23), D8S552 (8p23-p22), and D8S133 (8p21). These findings imply the existence of at least three putative tumor suppressor genes on this chromosome arm that may become inactivated during the progression of squamous cell carcinoma. PURPOSE: We used allelic loss data from these three loci to determine if inactivation of these putative suppressors is associated with poor prognosis for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. We also used multivariate statistics to compare the prognostic power of allelic loss at these genetic markers with that of demographic, clinical, and histopathologic parameters. METHODS: We examined the D8S264, D8S552, and D8S133 microsatellites in tumors from a retrospective population of 59 patients. All patients had histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx and had been treated surgically. DNA was extracted from matched sets of normal and microdissected tumor tissue and used for polymerase chain reaction amplification of the microsatellite markers. Reaction products were separated by denaturing gel electrophoresis and visualized by autoradiography. Patient data were obtained from the original pathology report and from the tumor registry of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Histopathologic data were obtained by reviewing the portion of the resection specimen used for DNA extraction. Parameters whose association with reduced disease-free interval and reduced disease-specific survival was statistically significant were identified by use of the Kaplan-Meier method and the logrank statistic. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify independent predictors of poor prognosis. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: In this patient population, allelic loss at the D8S264 locus was associated with both shorter disease-free interval (logrank P = .028) and reduced disease-specific survival (logrank P = .004). Allelic loss at the next most centromeric locus, D8S552, had a statistically significant association with only reduced disease-specific survival (logrank P = .034), whereas allelic loss at the most centromeric region, D8S133, showed no statistically significant association with reductions in either interval. Multivariate Cox models suggested that D8S264 was the only 8p marker of the three microsatellites with a statistically significant and independent association with shortened disease-free interval (relative risk [RR] = 3.38; P = .0107) and reduced disease-specific survival (RR = 3.41; P = .0105). CONCLUSIONS: Allelic loss in the p23 region of chromosome 8 appears to be a statistically significant, independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma.

Alleles↗

PubMed1996

Molecular-pathological analysis of a patient with three synchronous squamous cell carcinomas in the aerodigestive tract.

A case of synchronous squamous cell carcinomas in the soft palate, larynx and esophagus is reported, along with findings of molecular-pathological analysis. A biopsy sample from the aryngeal carcinoma revealed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma harboring two point mutations at codons 144 and 148 of the p53 gene but not at codon 299, and more than 50% of the cancer cells showed accumulation of p53 protein immunohistochemically. The esophageal tumor, which was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, showed immunoreactivity for p53 within the nuclei of 25-50% of cancer cells with a missense mutation at codon 299 but not at codon 144 or 148. This cancer also showed immunoreactivity for transforming growth factor alpha. On the other hand, the poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the soft palate showed negative immunoreactivity for p53 and no point mutation in exons 5 to 8 of the gene. These results suggest that the three synchronous squamous cell carcinomas arose as independent events.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

P27 and mib1 expression in actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, and squamous cell carcinoma.

The histologic boundary between actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma is not clear in many cases. We determined nuclear expression of p27 (a protein associated with cellular quiescence) and Ki-67 (a marker of proliferation) immunohistochemically in actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, and squamous cell carcinoma to see if differential patterns of expression for p27 exist and how these might correlate with Ki-67 expression. We determined a labeling index for p27-stained nuclei and assessed the pattern of Ki-67 expression. The student's t test was used to evaluate the p27 labeling index. The p27 labeling index was decreased in invasive aggregates of squamous cell carcinoma (76.9+/- 1.1%) when compared with those of normal epidermis (97.2+/- 2.4%), actinic keratosis (95.3 +/- 1.4%), and Bowen disease (98.0+/- 0.5%). Ki-67 was expressed in a scattered to confluent linear pattern in the basal/parabasal cell layer of normal epidermis and actinic keratosis. Keratinocytes in squamous cell carcinoma exhibited Ki-67 in the peripheral layers of the neoplasm and frequently within the tumor aggregates. Ki-67 was observed in nuclei throughout the full thickness of the epidermis in Bowen disease. The staining pattern of Ki-67 in Bowen disease separated this entity from others under study. The combination pattern of p27 and Ki-67 staining can be used to support differentiation of actinic keratosis, Bowen disease, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1989

Squamous cell carcinoma of the gastric stump. A case report and review of the literature.

Adenosquamous and pure squamous cell carcinomas of the stomach are very rare. This report is apparently the first published case of pure squamous cell carcinoma of the gastric stump. It occurred in a 67-year-old patient 37 years after Billroth II resection. This case satisfied the criteria established in the literature for the diagnosis of gastric squamous cell carcinoma. A diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma was excluded by extensive histologic investigation of a large number of tissue samples--a total 122 sections from 25 blocks--that revealed neither glandular structures nor mucin. The tumor stroma contained an unusually large number of eosinophils. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells reacted with a monoclonal antibody against keratin (KL1), but not with antibodies against neuroendocrine or endothelial markers, or alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. The tumor may possibly originate from ectopic squamous epithelium, squamous metaplasia of the gastric mucosa, or an undifferentiated mucosal stem cell. However, we excluded an endothelial origin (which has been proposed by other authors) on the basis of immunohistochemical findings.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Lichen sclerosus in 68 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: frequent atypias and correlation with special carcinoma variants suggests a precancerous role.

Lichen sclerosus, an unusual chronic mucocutaneous condition of the penis, has been found in association with invasive penile cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma has been reported in patients with longstanding lichen sclerosus. The aim of this study was to determine the anatomic distribution and prevalence of lichen sclerosus in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and to search for a correlation with special types of carcinomas. Clinical and pathologic data from 207 penectomy and circumcision specimens with squamous cell carcinomas and giant condylomas were evaluated, and 68 patients with lichen sclerosus were identified. Mean age was 61 years. The preferential anatomic site of lichen sclerosus was the foreskin, but other sites (glans and coronal sulcus) including urethra were also involved. Grossly, the lesions showed white-gray smooth or irregular patches and plaques adjacent to invasive cancers. Microscopically, the lesion was stromal-epithelial with atrophic and hyperplastic epithelium and edematous or densely eosinophilic hyalinized lamina propria. A variable band of lymphocytic infiltration beneath the sclerosis was noted. Lichen sclerosus were preferentially associated with non-human papillomavirus variants of squamous cell carcinoma. When lichen sclerosus was associated with malignancy, it often showed, in addition to the hyperplastic epithelium, a low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. These findings suggest that lichen sclerosus may represent preneoplastic condition for at least some types of penile cancers, in particular those not related to human papillomavirus.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

The 1998 Pan American Lecture. Intraocular invasion of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in five patients.

PURPOSE: To report five patients with intraocular invasion of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma and to make recommendations regarding clinical recognition and treatment of this condition. METHODS: The authors reviewed the clinical records and pathology slides on five patients who had intraocular invasion of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, and they describe the presenting features and histopathology in these cases. RESULTS: Intraocular invasion of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma occurred in older patients who had one or more recurrences of a previously excised conjunctival epithelial tumor located near the comeoscleral limbus. The intraocular recurrence often was heralded by the onset of low-grade inflammation and secondary glaucoma, simulating a granulomatous iridocyclitis. A white mass generally was observed in the anterior chamber angle. Histopathologic examination revealed an ingrowth of malignant epithelial cells through the limbus with diffuse involvement of the anterior segment of the eye. The reported patients were managed by modified enucleation (standard enucleation with excision of affected conjunctival tissue). Metastatic disease did not develop in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The onset of signs of uveitis and glaucoma and a white mass in the anterior chamber angle in a patient with prior excision of a conjunctival squamous cell neoplasm tumor should raise suspicion of intraocular recurrence of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. Most affected patients require enucleation or subtotal orbital exenteration. The prognosis is good.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

The relationship between human papillomavirus and p53 gene in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The p53 tumor-suppressor gene has been documented to exist in mutated forms in many types of squamous cell carcinoma in the body. Also in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, human papillomavirus (HPV) is accepted as an oncogenic factor. The objective of our study was to establish a correlation between p53 overexpression and the presence of HPV infection within tumor tissues from patients with conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: Tissue sections obtained from paraffin-embedded conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma specimens from 23 patients were examined with light microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Seventy-eight percent of tumors were positive for p53, whereas 22% were positive for HPV. The proportion of patients positive for both p53 and HPV was 17%, whereas another 17% of the patients were negative for both p53 and HPV. Therefore no significant disproportion was found in the distribution of patients' HPV status and p53 status (p = 1.00). No significant correlation or linear association was found between the HPV status and p53 status (r = 0.022; p = 0.920). CONCLUSION: We could not show any statistical association between abnormal p53 gene-product expression by immunohistochemistry in conjunctival squamous cell carcinomas and HPV infection by PCR detection techniques.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗

PubMed1984

Evaluation of squamous epithelium in adenoacanthoma and adenosquamous carcinoma of the endometrium: immunoperoxidase analysis of involucrin and keratin localization.

A study was undertaken to determine whether immunoperoxidase stains for keratin and involucrin, the latter a protein present in cells of stratified squamous epithelium that have differentiated beyond the basal stage, distinguish any differences in squamous cells present in the adenoacanthoma from those in the adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine corpus. Forty-eight tumors were studied, of which 33 were adenoacanthomas and 15 adenosquamous carcinomas. The patients with adenoacanthomas were slightly younger (mean 61.5 vs. 64.5 years) and had tumors that were generally better differentiated than the adenosquamous carcinomas. The squamous epithelium in every tumor, regardless of histologic type, stained positively for keratin. There were no obvious differences in staining when tumors were stratified for histologic type, grade, or location within the tumor. The glandular portion of both tumor types stained irregularly, but nonetheless positively, for keratin in 71% of the cases. Involucrin was detected in 57% of adenoacanthomas and 87% of adenosquamous carcinomas. The deeper or more central portion of the squamous morules stained only if the more superficial or peripheral areas were positive. The extent of the involucrin staining was less in the adenosquamous carcinomas than in the adenoacanthomas. The glandular component of the tumors did not stain for involucrin. It is concluded that no qualitative differences in the staining reactions with respect to keratin and involucrin distinguish the adenoacanthomas from the adenoaquamous carcinoma. These findings support the argument that the adenoacanthoma and adenosquamous carcinoma represent a spectrum of squamous differentiation in a single tumor type.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

Frequent expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) has been detected within tissue homogenates, culture fluid, and sera of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Studies regarding in vivo localization of beta-hCG in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix are scant and conflicting. Cervical samplings (biopsy and/or curettage specimens) of 63 cases of poorly differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were initially stained by the immunoperoxidase technique for the presence of beta-hCG and human placental lactogen (hPL). Based on beta-hCG reactivity, patients were divided into beta-hCG-positive and beta-hCG-negative groups. Thirty-three of the 63 (52%) cases showed localization of beta-hCG in tumor cells. Subsequent specimens of patients, who underwent surgical treatment, were likewise examined for beta-hCG reactivity. These surgical specimens showed focal beta-hCG reactivity in the beta-hCG-positive group only. The beta-hCG reactivity was seen in both high-grade SIL (CIN III), invasive squamous cell carcinoma, and its metastases. The focal beta-hCG reactivity was predominantly confined to the peripheral tumor cells at the stromal-epithelial interface in noninvasive and invasive lesions. Intensity of immunostaining was moderate to strong. The beta-hCG staining was observed in different cancer stages and in various age groups. No hPL reactivity was seen in any cases. Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix showing immunoreactivity for beta-hCG should be distinguished from choriocarcinoma and other trophoblastic tumors.

Adult↗