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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Kombucha: a systematic review of the clinical evidence.

AIM: Kombucha has become a popular complementary remedy. The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the evidence related to its efficacy and safety. METHODS: Computerised literature searches were carried out to locate all human medical investigations of kombucha regardless of study design. Data were extracted and validated by the present author and are reported in narrative form. RESULTS: No clinical studies were found relating to the efficacy of this remedy. Several case reports and case series raise doubts about the safety of kombucha. They include suspected liver damage, metabolic acidosis and cutaneous anthrax infections. One fatality is on record. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these data it was concluded that the largely undetermined benefits do not outweigh the documented risks of kombucha. It can therefore not be recommended for therapeutic use.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed1997

Effect of acetic acid bacterium on ethanol oxidation in vivo.

We investigated the possible effects of acetic acid bacterium on ethanol oxidation in vivo by monitoring the blood ethanol level after injecting 5% ethanol with (treated group) or without (control group) a freeze-dried bacterial cell suspension directly into the stomach of anesthesized rats. Paired comparison t-tests of the results indicate that the blood ethanol concentration of the rats in the treated group was significantly (p < 0.07) lower than that in the control group. When measured 10 min after administering ethanol into the gullet, the concentration in the stomach of the rats that received acetic acid bacterium simultaneously with ethanol was significantly (p < 0.10) lower than that of the rats that received ethanol alone. We consider that freeze-dried cells of acetic acid bacterium oxidized ethanol in the stomach and could be effective for reducing the blood ethanol level after drinking.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed1998

Preparation and preservation of freeze-dried cells of acetic acid bacteria with aldehyde oxidase activity.

Freeze-dried cells of acetic acid bacteria were prepared to use as an additive for manufacturing and processing foods. When the freeze-dried cells were stored for 1 week at 5 degrees C, however, more than 50% of the original activity of aldehyde oxidase (AOX) was lost. It was found that this decrease in AOX was caused by damage to both the membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase and terminal oxidase activities involved in the aldehyde oxidase electron transport system of acetic acid bacteria. The addition of 30% sucrose to the cell suspension prepared in a McIlvaine buffer (pH 6) before lyophilization was found to be effective for preventing the decrease of AOX activity. Cells freeze-dried in this way lost no AOX activity at all during first 3 weeks of storage at 5 degrees C and, even after 9 weeks, 80% of the original activity remained.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed2004

In vitro evaluation of physiological activity of vinegar produced from barley-, sweet potato-, and rice-shochu post-distillation slurry.

Vinegar was produced from barley-, sweet potato-, and rice-shochu post-distillation slurry using jar fermentor within 19 hrs. All the vinegars showed radical-scavenging activity, angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) inhibition in vitro. The radical-scavenging activity of the vinegar produced from sweet potato-shochu post-distillation slurry was higher than that of other two kinds of vinegar on the organic matter basis. The ACE inhibitory activities of all the vinegars were higher than that of each post-distillation slurry. The main components that showed ACE inhibitory activity would be peptides, and their content increased during acetic acid fermentation. Regarding AGE inhibition, only rice-shochu post-distillation slurry did not show such activity, but the other two post-distillation slurries and all the vinegars showed clear inhibitory activity. The activity appeared to depend on the concentration of amino groups except for sweet potato-shochu post-distillation slurry and the vinegar produced from it.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1978

A conjugate of cellulase with fluorescein isothiocyanate: a specific stain for cellulose.

A fluorescent technique has been developed for in situ staining of cellulose. The staining agent in conjugate of cellulase and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Application of this agent does not disturb intercellular or intracellular substances. The technique depends on the specific binding of the fluorescent labeled enzyme to its substrate. The stain has been tested on cell-free noncellulose polysaccharides similar to cellulose and does not stain them. The technique has been used to localize cellulose during the life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum with results that correspond to previous work using other methods.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed1989

Effects of the yeast extract components pyrroloquinoline quinone and aspartic acid on vitamin B12 production in Klebsiella pneumoniae IFO 13541.

The production of vitamin B12 from carbohydrates, peptone, casamino acid, etc., by intestinal bacteria was investigated. Klebsiella pneumoniae IFO 13541 was the most efficient strain for vitamin B12 production, which depended exclusively on the concentration of yeast extract added to the medium. A concentrated solution of yeast extract (1 ml) was chromatographed on a Sephadex G-25 column (1 x 180 cm) and eluted with H2O (eighty fractions of 3 ml each were collected). It was found that fractions in which bacterial growth was most prevalent also exhibited the highest amount of vitamin production. The effectiveness of yeast extract was shown by the participation of pyrroloquinoline quinone and aspartic acid in the growth stimulation and in the vitamin B12 production in this strain.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed2000

Hypoglycemic activity of bio-tea in mice.

Administration of bio-tea (1.71 ml/kg) to normal albino mice caused hypoglycemia after 30 min which reached to maximum after 2 hr with a significant decrease in blood sugar level (BSL) and became normal beyond 8 hr. In alloxan-induced diabetic albino mice, repeated treatments of bio-tea for 3 days (five doses) brought about a significant fall in mean BSL. Continuous decrease in BSL was observed after 4 hr of administration of last dose of bio-tea. Hypoglycemic effect was persistent in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Effect on glucose tolerance test showed a significant fall in BSL of bio-tea treated animals after 1 hr of glucose treatment indicating hypoglycemic effect of bio-tea.

Acetobacter↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medusomyces (tea fungus): scientific history, composition, physiology, and metabolism].

The literature data on medusomyces published since 1913 are discussed. Different versions of appearance and distribution of this microorganism are considered. The features of its structure, metabolism and growth conditions are analyzed. It is shown that the tea fungus is a symbiosis is of several sorts of yeast and acetic acid bacteria. Evidence is presented indicating that fermented tea fungus has a therapeutic effect and can be applied in medicine. It was proved, that the antimicrobial properties of tea fungus metabolic products are due to the presence of particular antibiotic substances. The regularities of the biosynthesis of these substances and the pathways of its stimulation were studied. The results obtained will lead to the large-scale use of tea fungus in biotechnology. The fungus has unique adaptation properties, as confirmed by experiments on cultivation of the organism on deuterium oxide (D2O) and in the conditions of "cold stress". It is suggested that medusomyces is a unique model for the investigation of the phenomenon of symbiosis.

Acetobacter↗