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Results for “Electrocoagulation”

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PubMed1987

Early myoelectrical activity changes during gastric or duodenal ulceration in dogs.

Antroduodenal myoelectric activity and gastric transmural potential difference were recorded before and during fundic, antral, or duodenal ulceration in dogs. Gastric injury was obtained by electrocoagulation of the fundic or antral mucosa. Duodenal ulceration was induced by cysteamine injection which was accompanied by nausea or vomiting. Both antral electrocoagulation and cysteamine injection were also accompanied by antral dysrhythmia and a transient decrease of the gastric transmural potential difference. Effects of antral electrocoagulation were prevented by selective vagotomy. Since antral dysrhythmia disappeared as soon as the antral or duodenal ulcers became active, ie, within three days and 24 hr respectively, it is suggested that antral dysrhythmia is the result of antroduodenal stimulation and could thus not be assessed as a criterion of active ulceration.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Supersensitivity to apomorphine following destruction of the ascending dopamine neurons: quantification using the rotational model.

A new surgical preparation is described with which it is possible to quantify the degree of supersensitivity to dopamine receptor-stimulating agents using the rotational model. One group of rats received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine which destroys the dopamine-containing neurons in one hemisphere, followed by a diencephalic electrocoagulation which interrupts both afferents and efferents of the striato-pallidal complex in the opposite hemisphere. Another series of animals received only the unilateral electrocoagulation. When given appomorphine both groups of animals rotated toward the side of the electrocoagulation. However, the 6-hdroxydopamine-treated animals were 10-40 times more sensitive to the behavioral effect of the drug. These results contrast with previous reports in which behavioral sensitivity to apomorphine was increased 2- to 7-fold following partial degeneration of central dopamine neurons of following the chronic adminstration of dopamine synthesis inhibitors of receptor blocking agents. The extent of loss of dopamine appears to be a critical factor in determining the degree of supersensitivity which will develop.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

A randomized, prospective, parallel group study comparing the Harmonic Scalpel to electrocautery in thyroidectomy.

BACKGROUND: Exhaustive hemostasis is essential to successful thyroidectomy. Electrocoagulation to control bleeding has the potential risk of injuring the surrounding structures from lateral dispersion of heat. The Harmonic Scalpel (HS) cuts and coagulates simultaneously using mechanical vibration rather than high temperatures. Because its use in thyroidectomies has been limited, we sought to compare procedure parameters and complications of thyroidectomies performed using the HS with those using electrocoagulation. METHODS: Sixty patients were randomized into 2 surgical groups, HS and the standard technique using electrocautery and ligatures as the primary hemostatic method. A sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the following parameters: operative time, number of ligatures, blood loss, pain intensity, need for extra dose(s) of analgesic, incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, and hypoparathyroidism. RESULTS: Both groups of 30 patients were comparable in age, gender, and nature of disease. In 38 patients (63%), surgery was performed for benign disease, and in 22 (37%), for differentiated carcinoma. Operative time (arithmetic mean +/- SD) was 25 minutes less in the HS group (96 +/- 23 vs 121 +/- 34, P = .005). Median number of ligatures in the HS group was 1 (range, 0-7) versus 17 (range, 6-28) ( P < .001). Mean blood loss, estimated by gauze weight, was less with HS (35 +/- 27 mL vs 54 +/- 51 mL, P = .06). Drainage during the first 24 postoperative hours and pain intensity during the first postoperative week were similar in both groups. There were no episodes of persistent nerve palsy or hypoparathyroidism in either group. CONCLUSION: The use of HS in thyroidectomies requires less operative time than does electrocoagulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Early readmission following elective laparoscopic sterilization: a brief analysis of a rare event.

This study examines some potential factors that are associated with occasional readmission soon after discharge for laparoscopic sterilization--a generally innocuous outpatient procedure. Thirty-six early readmissions among 22,000 cases of laparoscopic sterilization (an incidence rate of 1.6 per 1,000 procedures) in an international data set were investigated. Early follow-up (7 to 21 days after sterilization discharge) was 95%. The complications that led to readmission were of a more serious nature (e.g., intestinal burn/injury) among women sterilized by electrocoagulation (all unipolar) than among women sterilized with clips. Among electrocoagulation cases, women who were sterilized less than 42 days postabortion or postpartum were significantly more likely to be readmitted than were women who had not recently been pregnant. All readmitted women were discharged in satisfactory condition. The mean overall hospital stay during readmission was 7.3 days--10.6 days for electrocoagulation, 5.6 days for tubal ring, and 2.1 days for clip cases. A case-control analysis did not reveal a significantly higher relative risk for readmission among women with previous abdominal operations than among those without.

Abscess↗

PubMed1979

The choice of sterilizing procedure according to its potential reversibility with microsurgery.

Twenty-seven women were evaluated for reversal of previous tubal sterilization in the 2-year span beginning January 1, 1976. Of the thirteen who came to surgery, only seven were able to undergo reanastomosis. Five of these seven had had Pomeroy type ligations and two had ahd "one-burn" electrocoagulation. Six patients who had had "two- or three burn" electrocoagulation did not have sufficient length of fallopian tube remaining. Tubal patency was achieved in 87.5% of those who underwent reanastomosis. The pregnancy rate was 37.5%, with no ectopic pregnancies. Electrocoagulation is not recommended in healthy young women.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

An animal model study to clarify and investigate endoscopic tissue coagulation by using a new monopolar device.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new device for endoscopic monopolar electrocoagulation and to develop ablative techniques by using this new device. METHODS: The new device consists of an overtube with a wire mesh electrode in an oval opening in the distal end and a balloon at the distal end. High-frequency electrical current was applied in 5 animal (swine) esophagi by using this specially designed monopolar electrocoagulation device. A total of 32 "lesions" were ablated by using blend electrosurgical waveforms for different time durations. The esophagi were then resected for histopathologic evaluation. RESULTS: Histopathologic study of the ablated lesions demonstrated that, by using the monopolar electrocoagulation device, different levels of degeneration of the mucosa and submucosa were achieved. The method for use of the device is fast and easy to apply. CONCLUSIONS: The ablative procedure with the new overtube device is minimally invasive, clearly feasible, and easy to apply. This new device potentially can be used in patients for tissue ablation.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Tissue injury of Injection Gold Probe.

BACKGROUND: The Injection Gold Probe, which incorporates an injection needle and a bipolar electrocoagulation probe, potentially offers better anchoring of the probe for electrocoagulation. This study compares the tissue injury caused by the Injection Gold Probe with or without protrusion of the needle. METHODS: A 10F Injection Gold Probe was applied perpendicularly on the antrum of porcine stomach. At each site of testing, one pulse of treatment at 12 W was given for 10 seconds. The extent of tissue injury was studied under different forces of application (light touch or maximal force) and different probe conditions (needle-in, needle-out, needle-out plus 1 mL saline solution injection). Each maneuver was repeated 8 times. The depth and width of tissue injury were assessed histologically by a pathologist blinded to the treatment. RESULTS: The depth and width of tissue injury did not differ significantly with needle-in, needle-out, or needle-out plus 1 mL saline solution injection on both light touch. But the tissue injury was significantly deeper and wider with maximal force applications than with light touch under the same probe condition. CONCLUSION: The extent of tissue injury inflicted by electrocoagulation using the Injection Gold Probe is not affected by the position of the injection needle.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2003

Argon plasma coagulation (APC) for endo-urological procedures: ex-vivo evaluations of hemostatic properties.

OBJECTIVES: Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is an innovative therapeutic modality of non-contact electrocoagulation, which applies high-frequency current via ionized argon plasma. After several years of successful use in open surgery, endoscopic techniques have been established in various surgical fields. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic properties of this technique in a fluid medium with regard to endourological procedures. METHODS: Isolated blood-perfused porcine kidneys were used to determine hemostatic efficacy of APC following TURP-like tissue ablation with a conventional loop electrode, compared to standard electrocoagulation with a ball electrode after tissue resection. Blood loss was quantified, specimens were evaluated histologically for coagulation zones. RESULTS: APC following tissue resection significantly (p<0.001) reduced bleeding compared to conventional contact electrocoagulation subsequent to tissue resection for an ablation volume of 4 cm(3) of perfused kidney tissue (2.1 ml/min vs. 5.6 ml/min). The depths of the coagulation zones were significantly larger (2.4 mm vs. 0.8 mm) and remarkably uniform for the groups treated with APC following tissue resection. CONCLUSIONS: APC performed in a fluid medium is feasible. APC following conventional TURP-like tissue resection creates significantly better hemostasis compared to standard contact coagulation after tissue resection. These findings justify further investigations to elucidate the value of APC in endourological procedures.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[Male and female sterilization techniques: Summary of ANAES assessments (May 2005)].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize assessments carried out by ANAES on male and female sterilization techniques. The summary was requested by the French Health Directorate after the law authorizing sterilization as a means of contraception was passed. RESULTS (FEMALE STERILIZATION): (i) EFFICACY of tubal ligation, electrocoagulation, clips or rings: the annual pregnancy rate is 0-2% depending on the study, with no significant difference between techniques. No data were found on fimbriectomy. (ii) EFFICACY of a hysteroscopically placed micro-insert device: no pregnancies were observed in patients with bilateral tube obstruction diagnosed by hysterosalpingography at 3 or at 6 months after placement (placement rate: 87-89%). (iii) SAFETY of tubal ligation, electrocoagulation, clips or rings: (a) By approach: There was no difference in the incidence of major complications between laparoscopy and minilaparotomy but there were significantly fewer minor complications with laparoscopy than with minilaparotomy. There were significantly more major complications with culdoscopy than with minilaparotomy and significantly more minor complications than with laparoscopy. (b) By operative technique: major and minor complications were significantly more common with the Pomeroy technique than with electrocoagulation; the difference could be due to the approach used. No data were available on fimbriectomy. (iv) SAFETY of a hysteroscopically placed micro-insert device: there were 11 cases of myometrial or tubal perforation among 734 patients (with device displacement into the peritoneal cavity in 3 cases). RESULTS (MALE STERILIZATION): (i) EFFICACY: efficacy varied from 84% to 100% depending on the approach and the mode of vas deferens obstruction. There was no significant difference in efficacy according to approach (transcutaneous or scrotal). However, no conclusion could be drawn on the comparative efficacy of the occlusion techniques used from published data. (ii) SAFETY: the rate of postoperative complications was low, below 10% in most series. Complications were benign and only rarely necessitated surgical revision. CONCLUSION: The advantage of sterilization methods is that they lack any permanent contraindication. They should be presented as being generally irreversible. Fimbriectomy is not recommended for female sterilization. Laparoscopy is the preferred approach. Sterilization by hysteroscopic placement of a micro-insert device should be restricted to cases presenting a risk on laparoscopy; the technique should be re-assessed in 2006. The two approaches used for male sterilization are technically similar and do not seem to differ in efficacy. The Public Health Code states that "Fallopian tube or deferens duct ligation for contraceptive purposes is not allowed in minors" and that ligation "cannot be performed unless the adult involved has given his/her informed and motivated consent, expressed after taking into consideration clear, complete information on the consequences of the procedure". A waiting period of four months must follow the moment the decision to sterilize is taken and consent is given. An informed consent form must be signed. Sterilization in young or nulliparous women should be proposed with the greatest prudence and with many reservations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

[Interaction between electrocautery and a pacemaker].

Following a new case of inhibition of a sentinel pacemaker by the cutting current of an electrocoagulator during endoscopic urologic surgery, the mechanism of this complication is recalled. The non-selectivity of the pacemaker detector circuit is responsible for interpreting the electrical disturbances due to the electrocoagulator as cardiac activity. The problems seen with other types of stimulators are discussed, especially programmable stimulation where the use of a magnet can lead to variations in the stimulator frequency. The stimulating wire can also be responsible for accidents, such as myocardial burns, and rhythm disturbances. The safety rules for the use of the electrocoagulator in patients with a non programmable sentinel pacemaker.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Prophylactic vasopressin during laparoscopic salpingotomy for ectopic pregnancy.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of prophylactic mesosalpingeal vasopressin injection for hemostasis during laparoscopic salpingotomy for ectopic pregnancy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical study. SETTING: Reproductive endocrinology and endoscopic surgery clinic of a tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS: Forty women with ectopic pregnancy. INTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopic linear salpingotomy was attempted, with prophylactic mesosalpingeal dilute vasopressin injection in 20 patients (study group), and without vasopressin in 20 patients (control group). The two groups were similar with regard to age, size of ectopic pregnancy, gestational age, and initial beta-hCG values. A multipuncture operative laparoscopy technique was used in all cases and bipolar electrocoagulation was used for hemostasis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The operating time was significantly shorter and the need for electrocoagulation was significantly less in the study than in the control group (p <0.05). Laparoscopic salpingotomy was performed successfully in 85% of study group patients compared with 70% of controls (p >0.05). Postoperative hysterogram revealed patency of the affected tube in 76.5% of women in the study group compared with 57.1% of controls (p >0.05). Possible complications of vasopressin, such as hypertension, bradycardia, and delayed bleeding, did not occur in any patient. CONCLUSIONS: Vasopressin use reduces both operating time and the need for electrocoagulation for hemostasis, which can have undesirable effects on the tube. Vasopressin was not associated with side effects in this relatively small sample.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Rollerball endometrial ablation: a histological study in danazol pretreated patients.

Endomyometrial biopsies were taken from danazol pretreated patients about to undergo rollerball endometrial ablation for menorrhagia. The biopsies were taken with a loop electrode at hysteroscopy before and after 1, 2, 3 passes of a rollerball electrode over the endometrium using powers of electrocoagulation diathermy varying from 30 to 100 watts. The biopsies were then assessed histologically. Nineteen biopsies from the perceived endocervical canal, 25 posttreatment curettings and 3 hysterectomy specimens were also assessed. Biopsies taken after danazol pretreatment but before diathermy showed a thinned inactive endometrium. A histological classification of the effect of electrocoagulation diathermy on the endometrium was developed describing increasing endometrial damage. The degree of endometrial damage was directly related to the number of rolls of the ball over the endometrium and to the power of electrocoagulation diathermy. Endometrium was found in 84% of biopsies from the perceived endocervical canal and endometrium was found in curettings from 3 of 11 patients who were amenorrhoeic following ablation.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Laparoscopic treatment of endometrioma-associated infertility and pregnancy outcome.

Ovarian endometriomas do not respond well to medical treatment with hormonal suppression, and surgical removal of the endometriomas is usually required. In this study, we attempt to identify the optimal laparoscopic procedures in laparoscopic treatment of ovarian-endometrioma-associated infertility. Among cases in which patients received no IVF-ET after the laparoscopic treatment, the pregnancy rate after complete cystectomy of endometriomas was statistically lower than that after fenestration with electrocoagulation of the cyst wall. Among cases in which patients received IVF-ET, there was no difference in ovarian response between patients that had complete cystectomy and fenestration with electrocoagulation of the cyst wall. However, the pregnancy rate in patients who had aspiration alone was statistically lower than that in patients who had aspiration followed by ethanol fixation. Thus, it appears that for patients who do not require follow-up IVF-ET, fenestration with electrocoagulation of the cyst wall is suitable, whereas for patients who need follow-up IVF-ET, ethanol fixation may be a better choice.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Complications of the operative neurosurgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia].

The complications after neurosurgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia of 161 patients treated in the neurosurgical hospital university medical school Bonn from 1971 to 1974 are referred. Emphasis is layed on severe complications. After rhizotomia (Dandys method) 3 patients died, one of them because of a meningitis, one of them because of damage of the superior petrosal vein and one after ligature of an irregular auditive artery. One patient died after electrocoagulation of the ganglion Gasseri (Kirschner's method) after having had an important bleeding during coagulation. Another patient developed hemiparesis after a strong arterial bleeding during electrocoagulation. The damage of importance arterial vessels seems to be decisive. Three proposals in order to diminish the risk of the operations are settled: 1. Preoperative neuroradiological checks by means of contrast. 2. Carefully sparing of vessels, especially when precedent scars had alterated the field of operation, perhaps if necessary by means of the operation mikroscope. 3. Control of the lokalisation of the needle during electrocoagulation by X-rays.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

Efficacy of laparoscopic ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

This prospective study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic ovarian electrocoagulation in women with PCOS. Twenty-three PCOS women who had refractory to clomiphene citrate attending the Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ramathibodi Hospital between March 1995 and June 1998 were enrolled in the study. In all patients, electrocoagulation on the ovarian surface of both ovaries was performed through laparoscope under general anesthesia. Two patients were lost to follow-up for unknown reasons. The remaining 21 women had a mean age of 30.3 +/- 3.9 years (range 21-39) and mean duration of infertility of 4.1 +/- 2.8 years (range 1-11). There was no intra-operative and post-operative complication. After surgery, ovulation was documented in 16 out of 18 (88.9%) patients. Fifteen (71.4%) patients became pregnant. Fourteen pregnancies (93.3%) occurred within 9 months after surgery. Twelve women (80%) became pregnant in spontaneous cycles without any treatment. The outcomes of pregnancies were 10 live births, 3 ongoing pregnancies and 2 abortions. This study reveals the high efficacy of ovarian electrocoagulation in infertile women with PCOS. High pregnancy and low abortion rates are convincing. This surgical technique should be the treatment of choice for women with CC-resistant PCOS.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer].

We assessed the results of endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric cancer using electrocoagulation with high frequency current. Resection was performed utilizing endoscopic double-snare polypectomy (EDSP) and electrocoagulation. The initial endoscopic total resection rate was 65.0% (119/183 lesions). There were 32 lesions in which no residual cancer was present at follow-up biopsy or surgery, and when these were included the endoscopic resection cure rate was 82.5%. Extensive tissue necrosis and degeneration occurred in the resected stump as a result of using electrocoagulation. Since an increase in suitable patients and an expansion of the indications for endoscopic resection are anticipated in the future, careful clinical evaluation of endoscopic resection based on the results of pathological assessment of the resected tissue is needed.

Electrocoagulation↗

PubMed1979

Laparoscopic tubal sterilization using thermal coagulation.

A technique using a low-voltage, rechargeable battery pack and a cautery hook assembly for thermal coagulation and division of the fallopian tube under laparoscopic visualization has been evaluated in 393 patients. The procedure is quick, easy to perform, and electrically safe. The gross extent of the burn to the fallopian tube by thermal coagulation and division was compared with that done by high-frequency unipolar electrocoagulation and division. The difference in the mean total gross tubal burn produced by the 2 methods is not statistically significant. The variance of total tubal burn in individual cases within each group is significantly greater in the electrocoagulation group. The authors assume that pregnancy rates in patients undergoing thermal coagulation and division will be no different than those reported in patients in the electrocoagulation and division group. Two hundred of the patients have been followed from 12 to 33 months and no method-failure pregnancies have occurred.

Electrocoagulation↗

PubMed1990

"Rollerball" coagulation of the endometrium.

Menorrhagia was the primary complaint of 50 patients treated by "rollerball" electrocoagulation of the endometrium. All the patients in this series had failed surgical (D & C) and/or medical therapy and all had refused hysterectomy. The electrocoagulation was performed on an outpatient basis. Complications have been minimal with follow-up varying from 6-22 months. Amenorrhea was achieved in ten of the 25 women who were followed for at least 12 months. An additional ten patients have had monthly spotting and five have had light bleeding. None of the patients noted a return of their menorrhagia. In the other 25 patients bleeding could not be evaluated, as all received medroxyprogesterone after their ablation. The preliminary results suggest that "rollerball" electrocoagulation is a safe, economical, and effective method of eliminating or reducing menorrhagia.

Combined Modality Therapy↗