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Results for “Lithium Compounds”

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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Topical lithium succinate ointment (Efalith) in the treatment of AIDS-related seborrhoeic dermatitis.

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with lithium succinate ointment was conducted in patients with AIDS-associated facial seborrhoeic dermatitis. Twice daily applications of the ointment brought about a rapid (2.5 days) and highly significant (P = 0.007) improvement in the severity of the condition. Lithium succinate ointment is well tolerated and can be a useful treatment for seborrhoeic dermatitis in this group of patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dosimetric measurement of scattered radiation from dental implants in simulated head and neck radiotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to examine the dose enhancement at bone-implant interfaces from scattered radiation during simulated head and neck radiotherapy. Three cylindric implant systems with different compositions (pure titanium, titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, titanium coated with hydroxyapatite) and a high gold content transmandibular implant system (gold-copper-silver alloy) were studied. Extruded lithium fluoride single crystal chips were used as thermoluminescent material to measure radiation dose enhancement at 0, 1, and 2 mm from the bone-implant interface. The relative doses in buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal directions were also recorded and compared. The results indicated that the highest dose enhancement occurred at a distance of 0 mm from the bone-implant interface for all the implant systems studied. The transmandibular implants had higher scattered radiation than other groups at 0 mm and at 1 mm from the bone-implant interface. There was no significant difference of dose enhancement between buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal directions. Titanium implants coated with hydroxyapatite demonstrated the best results under the simulated irradiation.

Alloys↗
PubMed2004

[Benzylbis(dimethylamino)methylsilyl-kappa2C,N](N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine-kappa2N,N)lithium(I).

The title compound, [Li(C12H21NSi)(C6H16N2)], is an intermediate in the synthesis of the corresponding organometallic compounds. The molecule has an unusual C-Si-N-Li four-membered heterocycle which adopts a folded conformation, with the coordination around the Li, N, C and Si atoms being distorted tetrahedral. Its structure is strongly supported by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 13C-1H correlation spectra. The compound has potential for application in the synthesis of other novel organometallic compounds.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Synthesis of some acylphosphonate thiosemicarbazones and evaluation of their antiviral activity.

Reaction of dimethyl acylphosphonates (1) with thiosemicarbazide afforded the corresponding dimethyl acylphosphonate thiosemicarbazones (4). Lithium methyl acylphosphonate thiosemicarbazones (5) could be prepared either by monodealkylating compounds 4 by lithium bromide or by reacting lithium methyl acylphosphonates with thiosemicarbazide. Dihydrogen acylphosphonate thiosemicarbazones (6) could be obtained by reacting acylphosphonic acids (3) with thiosemicarbazide. The alternative approach to 6 by di-dealkylating compounds 4 using bromotrimethylsilane was limited by the solubility properties of esters 4. Compounds of types 5 and 6 did not show antiviral activity against herpes simplex type 1 and 2, or toward vaccinia virus.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1984

Adenylate cyclase and the search for new compounds with the clinical profile of lithium.

It is possible to evaluate the beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase complex in the human periphery by measuring the plasma cyclic AMP rise after adrenergic agonists. A clinical trial of the beta 2 adrenergic agonist salbutamol in depression provided an opportunity to test whether adrenergic receptor subsensitivity does occur during clinical antidepressant treatment. After 1 and 3 weeks of oral salbutamol treatment, depression scores declined significantly in 11 depressed patients, while the plasma cyclic AMP response to i.v. salbutamol declined over 60%. The results support the concept that receptor sensitivity changes occur during human antidepressant therapy. Data are presented that Li, too, markedly reduces activity of beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase in humans. The effect was evaluated by studying the effect of Li at therapeutic serum concentrations on the plasma cyclic AMP response to subcutaneous epinephrine. The Li effect is specific, since the plasma cyclic AMP response to glucagon is not inhibited. In rat cortical slices Li inhibition of noradrenaline-induced cyclic AMP accumulation is clearly demonstrable only at concentrations close to 2 mM Li. However, fresh human brain slices from edges of surgically-removed tumors show Li inhibition at 1 mM Li concentrations. These results imply that in brain as well as periphery, human noradrenergic adenylate cyclase is inhibited by therapeutic concentrations of Li. Demeclocyclin, a tetracycline-derived antibiotic, was found to inhibit noradrenaline-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat cortical slices and to inhibit amphetamine-induced hyperactivity in rats in an open field. Clinical trials should search for new compounds with the clinical profile of Li.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed2003

Novel halo-oxo-allenic fatty ester derivatives from epoxidized methyl santalbate (methyl trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoate).

Methyl santalbate (methyl trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoate) from Sandal wood seed oil, Santalbum alum) was epoxidized to methyl trans-11,12-epoxy-octadec-9-ynoate (1). Treatment of compound 1 with tetrabutylammonium dihydrogentrifluoride, and boron trifluoride etherate gave the corresponding anti- (2a) (57%) and syn- (2b) (35%) fluorohydrin derivatives, respectively. These reactions were regio- and stereoselective in nature. The structures of the anti- and syn- isomers were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. Ring opening of the epoxy system of compound 1 with lithium chloride gave the anti-chlorohydrin derivative (3) (89%). Oxidation of either compound 2a or 2b gave the same fluoro-keto acetylenic fatty ester (4) (75%), and compound 3 on chromic acid oxidation yielded the corresponding chloro-keto acetylene (5) (73%). Isomerization of compounds 4 and 5 with potassium carbonate in dichloromethane furnished the requisite fluoro-allenic (6) (63%, methyl 11-fluoro-12-oxo-9,10-octadecadienoate) and chloro-allenic (7) (80%, methyl 11-chloro-12-oxo-9,10-octadecadienoate) C(18) fatty esters. All products were confirmed by a combination of spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques.

Alkadienes↗
PubMed1991

Synthesis of the marine epoxy sterol 9 alpha,11 alpha-epoxy-5 alpha-cholest-7-ene-3 beta,5,6 beta-triol.

The synthesis of 9 alpha,11 alpha-epoxy-5 alpha-cholest-7-ene-3 beta,5,6 beta-triol (1), a highly oxygenated marine sterol containing a 9,11-epoxide moiety in the nucleus, is described. Epoxy sterol 1 was synthesized from cholesta-5,7-dien-3 beta-ol. Oxidation of this sterol with m-chloroperbenzoic acid followed by hydrolysis and acetylation furnished 5 alpha-cholest-7-ene-3 beta,5,6 alpha-triol 3,6-diacetate (2). Mercuric acetate dehydrogenation of diacetate 2, followed by oxidation with manganese dioxide and epoxidation with m-chloroper-benzoic acid, afforded 9 alpha,11 alpha-epoxy-3 beta,5-dihydroxy-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-6-one (5). Reduction of 5 with lithium aluminum hydride gave the desired compound 1. The structures of all synthetic intermediates were confirmed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A reassignment of resonances for carbons 1, 8, and 15 in the 13C NMR spectrum of 1, based on 2D-NMR correlation spectroscopy, has been accomplished.

Acetylation↗
PubMed2002

Regio- and diastereoselective preparation of tetrahydrobenzo[c]-1-aza-2lambda(5)-phospholes through dearomatization cyclization of lithiated N-benzyl-N-alkyl(diphenyl)phosphinamides. Synthesis of gamma-(N-alkylamino)phosphinic acids.

A study of the protonation of the cycloadducts derived from the dearomatization reaction of lithiated N-alkyl-N-benzyldiphenylphosphinamides has been carried out. The regio- and stereoselectivity of the process has been analyzed in terms of the size of the N-alkyl substituent, the acidity and size of the protonating reagent, and the cosolvent used. The optimization of these variables allowed the preparation of tetrahydrobenzo[c]-1-aza-2lambda(5)-phospholes containing a 1,3-cyclohexadiene or 1,4-cyclohexadiene system with moderate to excellent regio- and stereocontrol. The heterocycles were readily hydrolyzed, affording gamma-(N-alkylamino)diphenylphosphinic acids with the functionalities linked to a cyclohexadiene substructure.

Amides↗
PubMed2000

[The use of lithium hydroxide for carbon dioxide absorption prevents formation of compound A during sevoflurane anesthesia].

UNLABELLED: Aim of the study was the clinical investigation of sevoflurane degradation when using water-free lithiumhydroxide versus moist Drägersorb 800 for carbon dioxide absorption. METHODS: Concentrations of Compound A in the inspiratory gas mix and serum fluoride levels were measured in two groups of 8 patients each. RESULTS: When water-free lithiumhydroxide was used for carbon dioxide absorption, concentration of Compound A in the inspiratory gas mix was ca. 1 ppm (near minimal level of detection) as compared to ca. 20 ppm for moist Drägersorb 800. The concentration of fluoride increased during sevoflurane anesthesia (15.0 +/- 4.8 mumol/l with lithiumhydroxide versus 21.9 +/- 4.0 mumol/l with Drägersorb 800 after 60 mins). CONCLUSIONS: When lithiumhydroxide is used, there is only minimal formation of compound A from sevoflurane degradation. Since serum fluoride levels increased in both patient groups, we conclude that this is caused mainly by metabolism of sevoflurane. Capacity of lithiumhydroxide for carbon dioxide absorption is similar to that of Drägersorb 800. Therefore, the use of lithiumhydroxide increases patient safety.

Absorption↗
PubMed2006

Synthesis, reactivity and structural studies of selenide bridged carboranyl compounds.

Reaction of the lithium salt Li[1-R-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10)] with selenium under mild conditions, followed by hydrolysis gave the diselenide compound (1-Se-2-R-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) in contrast to the well-reported mercapto compounds 1-SH-2-R-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10) obtained using a similar synthetic procedure. Details for the preparation and X-ray structural characterisation of the new compounds (2-Me-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2)Se, (1-Se-2-R-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10))(2) (R = Me, Ph, ) are specified. To further explore the mechanism of the dimerization reaction, the complex [Au(1-Se-2-Me-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10))(PPh(3))] was synthesized, confirming the existence of the intermediate Li[1-Se-2-R-1,2-closo-C(2)B(10)H(10)] at the early stages of the reaction before selenium oxidation. Theoretical calculations and cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies were carried out to compare the bonding nature of the sulfur and the selenium analog compounds. It was determined that diselenides have a higher tendency to reduce with respect to the disulfides and all chalcogen atoms were found to be positively charged.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Covalent molecular imprinting of bisphenol A using its diesters followed by the reductive cleavage with LiAlH(4).

Bisphenol A (BPA) recognition materials were synthesized by a covalent imprinting technique using BPA-dimethacrylate or BPA-diacrylate as the template monomer. Binding sites in the polymers consisted of two hydroxyl groups that are generated by reducing the ester bonds of the template monomer with lithium aluminum hydride. The polymers strongly adsorbed BPA and structurally related compounds, however, other endocrine disruptors were hardly adsorbed. The BPA-dimethacrylate-based polymer interacted with the samples more strongly than the BPA-diacrylate-based polymer.

Aluminum Compounds↗