PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Preoperative Exercise”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Holter monitoring of ECG and exercise tests in patients with ischemic heart disease on the stage of preparation for surgical revascularization of the myocardium].

One hundred and fifty-two patients aged from 30 to 82 years were examined. All the patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 -- patients with macrofocal scar alteration of the myocardium, group 2 -- patients with small-focus scar alteration of the ardium, group 3 -- patients without myocardial infarction. Increase of the number of patients with disturbances of cardiac rhythm of high gradations was seen in all groups of patients during exercise test and after-exercise period. These disturbances were first diagnosed in 15,6% patients of group 1, in 14% patients of group 2 and in 22% patients of group 3. It is concluded that exercise tests must be performed very carefully in patients with low tolerance to exercise. If there is combination of several risk factors, it is recommended to refuse exercise tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Stair climbing, pre- and post-exercise arterial blood gases, and pulmonary function for pre-operative evaluation.

In order to determine the relationship between pulmonary function, performance on stair climbing, pre- and post-exercise arterial blood gases and post thoracotomy complications, we performed a prospective study on 19 patients. Sixteen of seventeen patients could accomplish a five flight stair climb. All of the seventeen patients survived and could be weaned off the respirator. Four developed postoperative complications. MMEFP (per cent mid maximum expiratory flow) showed statistically significant differences between patients with and without complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pain in the knee joint. A report of non-cartilage or meniscus-induced changes. A presentation based on own patients].

Based on experiences made with the arthroscopy of the knee joint in our hospital since 1985 and also based on studies made in treatment of plicae synovialis, 155 patients were operated between 1. January 1987 and 31. December 1989 by an arthroscopy, where only synovial changes are found and treated. In 135 cases the anamnesis, the result of the clinical examination and the operation report are analyzed. 110 patients could be examined postoperative. In listing the results there is made a difference between patients, where a synovial change at the medial condylus is operated and such where synovial changes round the femoropatellar joint are treated. All patients were investigated by a questionnaire action. A discrimination by intraoperative foundings was not made, it should rather be clarified, whether the arthroscopic operative treatment of those synovial changes leads to a removal or a clear reduction of the pain in the knee joint, which exists preoperative and leads to the operative treatment. Especially was asked for changes in sporting activities, because the pain mostly appears at physical exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Care of the hemodialysis patient with a new permanent vascular access: review of assessment and teaching.

Problems related to vascular access are the main reasons for admission to hospitals for hemodialysis patients today. Some patients develop vascular access problems prior to use and many require repeated surgery. This article addresses some of the key aspects of patient assessment and monitoring in the immediate preoperative/postoperative period. The focus is on the prevention of early vascular access failure. Approaches for patient teaching are included, as are strategies that should be part of a vascular access management program.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed2003

Guideline chaos: conflicting recommendations for preoperative cardiac assessment.

The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) and the American College of Physicians (ACP) have disseminated guidelines to assess preoperative cardiac risks before noncardiac surgery. The objectives of this study were to determine if these guidelines differ in preoperative recommendations for a group of patients, and whether these recommendations differ from actual provider recommendations. In this retrospective cohort study, patient characteristics and physician recommendations were abstracted from electronic medical records of consecutive patients attending a Veteran Affairs medical preoperative evaluation clinic from January 1 to April 1, 1998. Patient characteristics were used to determine what preoperative cardiac testing should have been ordered if each guideline was followed. Possible recommendations included operation without testing (OWT), noninvasive stress testing (NST), cardiac catheterization (CC), or cancel or delay surgery (OTHER). Recommendations were compared using statistical tests for agreement. Of the 138 patients identified, most underwent moderate-risk surgeries. Recommendations for preoperative testing were discordant between guidelines for 17% of patients (kappa = 0.38). Guidelines never agreed on the need for NST. Extreme differences in recommendations (i.e., one recommends OWT, the other CC) occurred in 9 patients (7%). Physicians ordered NST more often (n = 27) than either guideline. In this subgroup of patients where providers ordered a NST, the 2 guidelines significantly differed (kappa = 0.26). When applied to real patients being evaluated for surgery, ACC/AHA and ACP guidelines significantly differed in recommendations for preoperative cardiac testing. Results have implications for implementation, management, and practitioner adherence to published guidelines.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Preoperative noninvasive coronary risk stratification in candidates for carotid endarterectomy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis who are candidates for carotid endarterectomy are at high short- and long-term risk of coronary events. To stratify patients at different risk of coronary events we investigated the usefulness of a noninvasive preoperative cardiological workup. METHODS: We studied 172 consecutive patients admitted to the Neurosurgical Department for symptomatic high-grade (70% to 99%) carotid stenosis (age, 42 to 74 years; mean, 57.8 years). Patients without history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and able to exercise were submitted to exercise electrocardiographic testing (EET) and, if abnormal, to exercise thallium myocardial imaging (TMI). Patients were classified into four groups: group 1, patients without CAD: no history of CAD, normal EET, or normal TMI in the presence of indeterminant EET (n = 93, 54%); group 2, patients with silent CAD: no history of CAD and concordant abnormal EET and TMI (n = 28, 16%); group 3, patients unable to exercise: no history of CAD and inability to perform adequate EET because of previous stroke or claudication (n = 29, 17%); and group 4, patients with known CAD: history of angina or myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 22; 13%). RESULTS: The four groups were comparable in regard to age, sex, and computed tomographic scan of the brain. The prevalence of stroke was higher in patients unable to exercise; hypercholesterolemia was more frequent in patients with known CAD. During the perioperative period (< or = 30 days after carotid endarterectomy), coronary events occurred in 3 patients (2%): fatal MI in 2 patients in group 4 and 1 patient in group 3. One hundred percent of patients were followed up for 6.2 years. Coronary events occurred in 23 of the 168 patients discharged from the hospital (13.7%); these were fatal in 11 (6.5%): 3 patients of group 1 (3%; sudden death in 2, fatal MI in 1), 8 patients of group 2 (29%; fatal MI in 5, unstable angina in 3), 8 patients of group 3 (28%; fatal MI in 4, nonfatal MI in 4), and 4 patients of group 4 (18%; fatal MI in 2, sudden death in 1, unstable angina in 1). Kaplan-Meier estimated curves of survival free from fatal and nonfatal coronary events were 97%, 51%, 49%, and 59%, respectively (P < .001, group 1 versus groups 2 and 3; P < .01, group 1 versus group 4). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, coronary events occurred twice as often as cerebral recurrences. A preoperative noninvasive cardiac investigation, including EET, can adequately identify groups of patients with diverse short- and long-term prognoses. In addition to patients with known CAD, those with silent CAD or who are unable to exercise represent, without the need of further investigation, groups at high risk of coronary events in long-term follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effect of lung volume reduction surgery on diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling at 2 years.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: We previously reported that patients with emphysema show an increase in diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling at 3 months after lung volume reduction surgery. Diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling was quantified as the quotient of tidal volume (normalized to total lung capacity) to tidal change in transdiaphragmatic pressure (normalized to maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure). As such, neuromechanical coupling estimates the fraction of diaphragmatic capacity used to generate tidal breathing. The present investigation was conducted to determine whether benefit is maintained at 2 years. SUBJECTS: Fifteen patients with severe COPD, 8 of whom completed the 2-year study. METHODS: Lung volumes, exercise capacity (6-min walking distance), diaphragmatic function (maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure and twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure elicited by phrenic nerve stimulation), and diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling were recorded before surgery, and at 3 months and 2 years after surgery. RESULTS: Two years after surgery, lung volumes deteriorated to preoperative values, but patients showed persistent improvements in 6-min walking distance (p < 0.05). Three months after surgery, maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure (p < 0.05), twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure (p < 0.01), and diaphragmatic neuromechanical coupling (p < 0.01) had increased over preoperative values. The improvements in neuromechanical coupling resulted from improvements in diaphragmatic strength and, to a lesser extent, from a decrease in transdiaphragmatic pressure required to maintain tidal breathing. The change in respiratory muscle function at 2 years varied among patients: diaphragmatic contractility was > 10% of preoperative value in half of the patients who concluded our study, and neuromechanical coupling was > 10% of preoperative value in three fourths of the patients who concluded our study. Patients who maintained their gains in neuromechanical coupling also maintained their gains in 6-min walking distance. CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing lung volume reduction surgery can maintain early gains in neuromechanical coupling and exercise capacity 2 years later.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Patellar subluxation following plica resection.

In this paper, a case of patellar subluxation following the excision of a medial plica is presented. The biomechanical relationship between the medial plica and the patella is discussed and the need for a complete preoperative evaluation of the patient with a symptomatic plica is emphasized.

Child↗