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PubMed2004

[The microecological disorders in clinical pathology and their correction by bifidum-containing probiotics].

On the basis of independent research and published data surveyed in the paper is the prevalence and nature of disorders of the intestinal microflora observed in adults and children with different pathologies, i.e. chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, acute intestinal infections, acute respiratory viral infections, pneumonias, as well as certain nephrological, gynecological, and surgical diseases etc. The deficit of Bifidobacteria was found to be the most frequent chain in intestinal microflora pathologies. The significance of Bifido-containing drugs as well as current research of Russian scientists, including new probiotics with Bifidobacteria immobilized in coal, is elucidated. The advantages of intestinal dysbacteriosis correction by sorbated Bifido-containing probiotics, like bifidumbacterin forte and probifor, are demonstrated, versus bifidumbacterin, in different pathologies; their related clinical-and-morphological effect is defined. Prospects for designing the combined and polyvalent drugs with immobilized Bifidobacteria are described.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Complex therapy of chronic hepatic encephalopathy supplemented with probiotic: comparison of two studies].

BACKGROUND: Several reports about usefulness of probiotics, including Enterococcus faecium in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis have been recently published. The results obtained by the administration of Enterococcus faecium M-74 + selenium will be evaluated and compared with those published by Loguercio et al. for Enterococcus faecium SF 68. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifteen patients with liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension and chronic hepatic encephalopathy were treated, beside the standard therapy, also with one capsule of probiotic "Enterococcus faecium M-74 + Selenium" per day in three four-week periods, separated by two fortnight pauses. During the treatment, every patient was examined 9-times. The severity of chronic hepatic encephalopathy was evaluated with the aid of the portal systemic encephalopathy index, calculated from 5 parameters (mental stage, asterixis, number connecting test, blood ammonia, EEG). The indexes of initial and final values were compared. The time course of blood ammonia levels and that of results from number connecting test in either study were mutually compared on the basis of interval estimates of quadratic regression function. Significant improvement of the portal systemic encephalopathy index after the treatment was found: it decreased in average by 70% (55 to 85%, interval 95% confidence interval). The mental stage improved and the asterixis disappeared. The blood ammonia levels as well as the results from the number-connecting test after 8-9 weeks significantly approached the normal pattern. EEG findings improved and they were often normalised. Our starting blood ammonia levels (increased by 31% above norm) and results from the connecting test (increased by 60%) were significantly lower accordingly the Loguercio et al. (increased by 243 and 238%, respectively). During the treatment, the values in our study decreased by 25% and 30%, in the compared study by 50% and 70%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results proved the hypothetical favourable effect of probioticum Enterococcus faecium M-74 + Selenium on chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Interestingly, a markedly higher relative therapeutic effect has been achieved in more serious disorder in comparison with the less severe disorders in the present study.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[The protective effect of supplementation of probiotics combined with riboflavin on the intestinal barrier of the rats after scald injury].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and its possible mechanism of the supplementation of probiotics combined with riboflavin on the intestinal barriers of the rats after scald injury. METHODS: Seventy Wistar rats were used in the study and were randomly divided into scald control (SC, n = 30), scald and treatment (ST, n = 30) and normal control (NC, n = 10) groups. The rats in SC and ST groups were subjected to 30% TBSA III degree scald. 1.5 ml of isotonic saline suspension containing 5 x 10(12) CFU/L of Bifidobacteria, 5 x 10(10) CFU/L of Bacillus cereus and 5 mg/L of riboflavin was given to rats by gavage in ST group twice a day. For the rats in SC and NC group equal amount of isotonic saline was fed twice a day. The changes in the incidence of bacterial translocation, the amount of intestinal membranous flora, the synthesis and secretion of SIgA in the ileum, and the repair of injured intestinal mucosa were observed. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial translocation in ST group was significantly lower than that in SC group (P = 0.000 - 0.025). The plasma level of endotoxin in ST group was markedly lower than that in SC group on 3 post-scald day (PSD) (P < 0.05). The amount of bifidobacteria in caecal membrane flora increased by about 20 to 40 fold, whereas the amounts of E. coli and fungi significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The membranous injury scoring was 3 to 0 on 5 PSD (P < 0.05), and the SIgA content in intestinal mucus returned to normal value on the 5th PSD (P < 0.01) in the ST group. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of probiotics together with riboflavin could ameliorate translocation of bacteria and endotoxin in rats with scald injury, implying that the intestinal barrier function was effectively protected.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Probiotication of tomato juice by lactic acid bacteria.

This study was undertaken to determine the suitability of tomato juice as a raw material for production of probiotic juice by four lactic acid bacteria (Latobacillus acidophilus LA39, Lactobacillus plantarum C3, Lactobacillus casei A4, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii D7). Tomato juice was inoculated with a 24-h-old culture and incubated at 30 degrees C. Changes in pH, acidity, sugar content, and viable cell counts during fermentation under controlled conditions were measured. The lactic acid cultures reduced the pH to 4.1 or below and increased the acidity to 0.65% or higher, and the viable cell counts (CFU) reached nearly 1.0 to 9.0 x 10(9)/ml after 72 h fermentation. The viable cell counts of the four lactic acid bacteria in the fermented tomato juice ranged from 10(6) to 10(8) CFU/ml after 4 weeks of cold storage at 4 degrees C. Probiotic tomato juice could serve as a health beverage for vegetarians or consumers who are allergic to dairy products.

Beverages↗

PubMed2004

Probiotics, prebiotics and antibiotics in inflammatory bowel disease.

Probiotics and prebiotics are the sort of therapy that most patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) wish for. They are without significant side effects, except possibly an increase in gas with prebiotics, and so far, appear to be entirely safe. However, are they effective? More than a dozen studies using probiotics in IBD have now been reported, and there is dear benefit in pouchitis and possibly also in Crohn's, although there are so many clinical types of this condition that a clear indication has yet to emerge. For ulcerative colitis (UC) more studies are needed. The use of prebiotics in IBD is only just starting, although significant effects on both the luminal and mucosa-associated flora have been demonstrated in healthy subjects. Antibiotics offer more certain hope in IBD treatment, although with a much greater risk of unwanted effects. Their efficacy in clinical studies varies, with Crohn's disease and pouchitis reporting more benefit than ulcerative colitis. However, the ideal combination of antibiotics, and rationale for their use has not been determined.

Anti-Infective Agents↗

PubMed2005

Prevention of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients by probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M-74. Pilot study phase I.

Febrile neutropenia (FN) remains a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer chemotherapy. Bacterial translocation via intestinal mucosa is a significant mechanism of FN development. Competitive inhibition of bowel colonization by pathogenic microorganisms by lactic acid bacteria could be a useful prevention of FN. The aim of the study was the evaluation of dose and safety of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M-74 enriched with organic selenium in patients with solid and hematological malignancies. Eleven (9 M/2F) patients were included in the study. In the first phase six patients with germ cell tumors treated by chemotherapy were included. They received prophylaxis by nonpathogenic strain E. faecium M-74 during 2 cycles of chemotherapy. The planned daily dose was 6 x 10(9) bacteria. Regarding the insufficient colonization of the gut, the dose was further increased up to 18 x 10(9) tid. After safety evaluation, five patients were included with relapse of acute leukemia. In patients with germ cell cancer, severe neutropenia G3/4 was noted in 10 of 12 cycles of chemotherapy. The febrile episode was not observed in any of the patients. The gut colonization by enterococci reaches 10(6) CFU/g stool. In 5 patients with acute leukemia during 127 days of severe neutropenia 12 febrile episodes occurred. There was not noted any febrile episode or infection provoked by the tested strain. Tolerance of therapy was excellent without significant undesirable effects. Optimal dose was assessed and safety of probiotic strain was evaluated in neutropenic patients with solid, or hematological malignancies. Based on these results we plan phase II study to evaluate the effectiveness of this strain in FN prophylaxis.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2005

Beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics on human health.

The primary role of a diet is not only to provide enough nutrients to fulfill metabolic requirements of the body but also to modulate various functions of the body. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are either beneficial microorganisms or substrates that facilitate the growth of these microorganisms which can be suitably harnessed by the food manufacturers and holds considerable promise for health care industry. Regardless of sufficient health benefits of these, there is a need to carry a multidisciplinary approach on safety evaluation as the conventional toxicological approach has various limitations. This article gives an overview of probiotics and prebiotics, their health effects, mode of action, growth and survival in GIT, quality assurance criteria and safety including future prospects.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Role of intestinal flora in inflammatory bowel disease and probiotics place in their management].

The pathogenic role of certain microorganism of intestinal flora has been demonstrated in experimental colitis in animals and strongly suspected in inflammatory bowel disease in human, especially in Crohn's disease and pouchitis. Probiotics are living non pathogenic microorganisms that, upon oral ingestion exert benefits on human health by modulating enteric flora or by stimulation of local immune system. The aim of this article is to remind the role of intestinal flora in inflammatory bowel disease, the mechanism of inflammation induced by this flora and to review through the literature, the different clinical studies performed with probiotics in human.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Lyophilized Saccharomyces boulardii: example of a probiotic medicine].

Saccharomyces boulardii is a natural yeast without genetic modification isolated from the bark of the litchi tree in Indochina. In its lyophilized form is an example of the called probiotic medicine. The probiotic denomination is in relation to that itself assets in the gastrointestinal tract in interrelation to that biologic environment. And is labelled as medicine because the lyophilized form has a clinical and pharmaceutical expedient included in the regulation of medicinal products in almost 100 countries.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2005

Long-term (56-week) oral administration of probiotic Enterococcus faecium M-74 decreases the expression of sICAM-1 and monocyte CD54, and increases that of lymphocyte CD49d in humans.

OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of long-term probiotic [Enterococcus faecium (EF) M-74 strain] application in humans with respect to adhesion molecules, both soluble forms (sICAM-1, sPECAM-1) and their expression on leukocytes. METHODS: Double-blinded randomized and placebo controlled study lasting for 60 weeks. A single capsule containing either 2x10(9) of bacteria EF M-74 with 50 microg of organically bound selenium (E-group) or placebo (P-group) was given to volunteers. Peripheral blood was analyzed for the expression of particular adhesive molecules. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We observed significant changes in CAMs expression in terms of a decrease in sICAM-1, CD54 on monocytes and CD11b on lymphocytes after one-year administration of Enterococcus faecium M-74 in humans. Anti-adhesion-aimed therapeutic modalities may provide the future approach to prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Application of probiotics may be part of such strategies. (Tab. 2, Fig. 6, Ref. 41.)

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of probiotic bactisporin in therapy of intrahospital urinary infection].

We studied efficacy of bactisporin (probiotic based on aerobic spore-forming culture Bacillus subtilis, strain 3H) in combined treatment of intrahospital urinary infection (IUI) in 36 patients with infravesical obstruction. These patients developed postoperative complications due to IUI caused by antibiotic-resistant hospital flora. The control group consisted of 35 patients matched by age and disease given conventional postoperative etiotropic therapy. Bacterial translocation enables bactisporin to enter blood through gastric mucosa. Blood flow delivered the drug to the inflammation focus. Bactisporin can also directly affect IUI pathogen if bacterial suspension is introduced into the cavity. Bacteriological efficacy of the etiotropic scheme including bactisporin against Proteus spp., Ps aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. made up 72.7-92%. Bactisporin shortened the time of clinical normalization as well as normalization of absolute count of T- and B-lymphocytes, phagocyting leukocytes and immunoglobulin G. Thus, probiotic bactisporin is effective against antibiotic-resistant agents of IUI. It also stimulates immunity promoting clinicoimmunological remission.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Antifungal effect in selected natural compounds and probiotics and their possible use in prophylaxis of vulvovaginitis].

OBJECTIVE: a survey of effective natural compounds and probiotics with antifungal activity and their possible use in vulvovaginitis as a prophylactic or therapeutic drug. DESIGN: review of literature. SETTING: Charles University at Prague, Pharmaceutical Faculty at Hradec Kralove. METHODS: and review of literature and publications from medical data-bases. CONCLUSIONS: certain natural compounds were proved to exert antimycotic effects. The efficiency of garlic extract under in vitro conditions against yeast of C. albicans family becomes manifest within one hour. Essential oils present in the Cayenne pepper (Capsodum frutescens) exert considerable antifungal activity against C. albicans as well. Clove exerts lower antimycotic effects. The effects of Chinese leek are similar to garlic. Propolis also possesses antifungal properties, and sensitivity of the yeast strains decreases in the following order: C. albicans > C. tropicalis > C. crusei > C. guilliermondii. Its efficiency depends on the composition and place of origin. Tea trea oil (Melalauca alternifolia) is inhibiting strains of Candida family (genus) in minimal inhibiting concentration, higher concentrations are necessary for C. crusei and C. norvengensis. In the prophylaxis of vaginal candidoses, oral administration of the strains of Lactobacilus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum RC-14, B-54 may be recommended. Moreover there are suitable strains of L. brevis CD-2, L. salivarius FV-2, L. gasseri MB 335, L. plantarum, useful in the form of gel capsules (L. plantarum) or vaginal tablets (L. gasseri). The strains of L. acidophilus CRL 1294 and L. salivarius CRL 1328 display the capacity of self aggregation and co-aggregation with Candida. It should be pointed out that the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus (especially L. casei and L. rhamnosus) may, in exceptional cases, cause bacteriemia and sepsis, especially in immunodeficient patients and those who underwent surgery of alimentary tract. No protective effect against yeast infection was detected with vitamin E, any positive effect was not unequivocally confirmed with zinc, but adjusting zinc levels to normal may be recommended.

Antifungal Agents↗

PubMed2005

Elevation of the efficacy of antitumor vaccine prepared on the base of lectines from B. subtilis B-7025 upon its combined application with probiotics in vivo.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the work was to evaluate in vivo the possible enhancement of efficacy of antitumor vaccine prepared on the base of cytotoxic lectine from B. subtilis B-7025 by its combination with probiotic mixture of Enterococcus faecium K-50 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14K or their metabolic products. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were carried out on the models of solid sarcoma 37 (S37) and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). Efficacy of treatment was evaluated by parameters of tumor growth, median survival time of experimental animals and volume of metastases. RESULTS: We have shown that combined application of antitumor vaccine with pro-and/or prebiotic resulted in synergistic effect in the therapy S37-bearing mice, whilst in 3LL-bearing animals application of vaccine along with prebiotic inhibited metastasis by 2-2.5-fold compared to animals treated by vaccine only. CONCLUSION: Application of pre- and probiotics (E. faecium K-50 and S. cerevisiae) markedly elevates efficacy of antitumor vaccine in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[The effects of the microbial components of the probiotic Acilact on the cell-mediated immunity factors under experimental conditions].

The authors analyzed the effects of the microbial components of the probiotic Acilact on the cell-mediated factors of the immune homeostasis. According to the results, L. acidophilis stimulates the functional activity of immunocompetent cells, especially T-cell mediated immunity with strain- and dose-depending differences in intensity. The study demonstrated the ability of L. acidophilis to activate expression of the genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNgamma, IL-6, 12, and TNFalpha), to induce production of IFNalpha and IFNgamma, and increase interferon production, with additional stimulation of lymphoid organ cells with specific inductors in vitro. The study established that L. acidophilis stimulates production of macrophage migration inhibition factor by immunocompetent cells of Peyer's plaques and the splen, and induces its quantitative increase in the serum of CBA mice. The study detected immunocorrecting effect of L. acidophilis by the example of experimental shigellous infection, demonstrated intensification of the prolipherative activity of immunocompetent T-cells, induction of the expression of the genes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNgamma, IL-1beta, 6, 12, and TNFalpha), but not IL4 and 10, increase of synthesis of IFNalpha and IFNgamma by the cells of Peyer's plaques, the splen and thymus. The obtained results prove the immunological effect of the probiotic preparation Acilact, based on the strains L. acidophilis NK1 and L. acidophilis K3(111)24.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[The bacterial QS-systems and prospects of creation of new metabolic probiotic preparations].

Biological functions of exometabolits of various bacterial species were analyzed from Quorum Sensing position, which showed that the functional activity of microbiocenosis is in many respects determined by the system of metabolic regulation. Possibility of changing the composition of complex microbial communities with low-molecular compounds, products of bacterial cell vital activity, is grounded from theoretical point of view. The authors adduce data on the effects of a synthetic composition on the basis of E. coli metabolites, an ingredient of colibacterin, a probiotic preparation. The preparation demonstrated a high stimulating activity towards a range of microorganisms of normal microflora, and an ability to improve the condition of intestinal epitelial cells. The results may substantiate application of metabolic probiotics for correction of intestinal microflora in man.

Bacterial Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMed2006

[The protective activity of a new variant of the probiotic Acilact in exposure to ionizing radiation and anticancer chemotherapy under experimental conditions].

The aim of the study was to investigate the protective activity of a new variant of the probiotic Acilact in exposure to ionizing radiation and anticancer chemotherapy under experimental conditions. The study revealed protective effects of the preparation after combined exposure of mice to radiation and temperature. The preparation increased 30-day survival of the mice, inhibited intestinal colonization with gram-negative microorganisms, and increased resistance to LPS. A multidirectional protective effect of the probiotic was observed after the use of sublethal doses of radiation; this effect was manifested by quicker normalization of hematological parameters and bone marrow cellularity, as well as elevation of blood concentration of the hemoragulatory cytokines IL-3 and IL-6.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[A study of parietal gastrointeatinal microflora of rats after oral administration of probiotics].

The article is dedicated to one of the topical problems of medical microecology, possibility of modification of parietal gastrointestinal microflora by oral administration of various probiotics, and evaluation of the effects of such modification. The results of the study show that parietal gastrointestinal microflora can be modified by oral administration of probiotics.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2006

The effect of probiotic bacteria on transepithelial calcium transport and calcium uptake in human intestinal-like Caco-2 cells.

While prebiotic substances have attracted considerable attention in terms of their stimulatory effect on intestinal calcium absorption, the potential influence of probiotic bacteria on calcium absorption has received little research emphasis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of well-characterized probiotics (Lactobacillus salivarius (UCC 118) and Bifidobacterium infantis (UCC 35624)) on calcium uptake and transepithelial calcium transport in human intestinal-like, Caco-2, cells in culture. Cells were seeded onto permeable transport membranes and allowed to differentiate, over 16 d, into intestinal-like cell monolayers. Monolayers (n=12-20/ treatment) were then exposed to E. coli UCC 118, UCC 35624 (10(7) cfu/ml) or no bacteria (control) for 6 or 24 h prior to calcium transport studies. Calcium transport was unaffected by exposure of Caco-2 cells to E. coli, UCC 118 or UCC 35624 for 6 or 24 h. Calcium uptake into Caco-2 cell monolayers after 24 h was unaffected by UCC 35624, but was significantly (P<0.05) or tended (P=0.079) to be increased by UCC 118 and E. coli, respectively, relative to the control. In conclusion, the findings of this study which suggest that bacteria can enhance intestinal calcium uptake, if not calcium transport, highlights the need to undertake further studies in this, to date, vastly underinvestigated area.

Bifidobacterium↗