SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “RADIUS FRACTURES”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

Acute attenuation of the extensor pollicis longus tendon. A case report.

The current understanding of tendon biomechanics indicates that indirect injury to the tendon midsubstance requires the presence of preexisting disease during mechanical overload. This belief has been substantiated by the association of extensor pollicis longus rupture with chronic tenosynovitis caused by repetitive activity, inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, and minimally displaced distal radius fractures. This case of acute, traumatic, intratendinous attenuation of the extensor pollicis longus tendon offers a contradiction to the view that midsubstance tendon failure requires preexisting disease.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed1990

Diagnostic applications of wrist arthrography.

Arthrography of the wrist joint as a dynamic examination aids in confirming lesions of interosseous ligaments of the triangular fibrocartilage complex and soft tissue. The results of arthrography in 185 wrists, classified according to age of patients and pathological disorders with or without trauma demonstrate mostly post-traumatic discus lesions in younger patients. Older patients have an increase in pathological findings with a similar distribution between ligaments and discus. Soft-tissue injuries or discus lesions can be confirmed or excluded before osteoplastic surgery for distal radius fractures or reconstruction of ligaments in cases of carpal instability. Pathological changes of biomechanics of the hand and wrist are noticed more often and consequently are treated surgically. Arthrography of the wrist joint is a valuable means of diagnostic imaging.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[Arthrography of the wrist joint in acute trauma].

At least 20-25% of the patients with distal radius fractures show concomitant lesions of the intrinsic ligaments of the proximal carpal row and lesions of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. A high number of these lesions cause persistent pain and discomfort, even if there is a good radiological result. Wrist arthrography as a screening method can identify these lesions and help to select the patients in whom further diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (diagnostic arthroscopy, arthroscopical refixation of the discus or SL stabilization) should be performed. Wrist arthrography also allows cartilage lesions to be detected, as well as associated fractures or lesions of the capsular ligaments. The technique of wrist arthrography in the acute traumatized wrist, which is different from wrist arthrography in patients suffering from chronic post-traumatic pain, is described in this paper.

Arthrography↗

PubMed1993

Angle measurements of the distal radius: a cadaver study.

The quality of reduction of distal radius fractures is assessed mainly by degree of restoration of radial angle and palmar tilt. This cadaver study investigates the effects of forearm rotation of these measurements. A 5 degree rotational change produces a 1.6 degree change in palmar tilt on the conventional lateral view and a 1.0 degree change on the 15 degree lateral view. Lateral radiographs could be rotated 15 degrees-30 degrees and still be considered acceptable. Therefore, rotation may produce up to a 4.0 degree (15 degrees lateral view) or 6.4 degree (conventional lateral view) change in measured palmar tilt. To provide clearer measuring landmarks and minimize error due to rotation, we recommend obtaining the 15 degree lateral view routinely in fractures with significant dorsal angulation. We also studied the interobserver variability of different surgeons assessing radial angle and palmar tilt. The mean standard deviation between surgeons was 3.2 degrees for radial angle, 3.6 degrees for conventional lateral palmar tilt, and 2.1 degrees for 15 degrees lateral palmar tilt.

Forearm↗

PubMed2002

[Post-traumatic corrective osteotomy of the distal radius with a new plate].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Mal-union of distal radius fractures cause functional limitation and progressive degenerative changes of the wrist. The authors evaluate both radiograph and functional outcomes in a group of patients with a post-traumatic deformation of the distal radius treated by corrective osteotomy and fixation by a newly developed T-plate. MATERIAL: A retrospective evaluation covered a group of 13 patients of the average age of 51 years (range, 35-60 years) operated on in 2001 for post-trauma symptomatic mal-union of the distal radius of the Colles type. The group included only patients in which a new implant was used. The time interval between the primary fracture and corrective osteotomy was on average 11 months. METHODS: Corrective osteotomy for Colles deformations was performed in all patients from the dorsal approach with the application of a cortico-cancellous bone graft. Stabilisation was performed by the mentioned plate. Radiograph and functional outcomes were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: The radiographic evaluation proved the restoration of the normal anatomic relationship between the distal radius and ulna as well as statistically significant improvement of the function of the hand as concerns the range of motion and muscular strength Except for one patient, all involved evaluated the outcome as a subjective improvement. DISCUSSION: Corrective osteotomy of the distal radius is a standard surgery performed routinely by plate fixation with the application of a cortico-cancellous bone graft. Despite a perfect coverage of the issues relating to potential consequences resulting from non-anatomic position of the articular surface of the distal radius, this surgery was not very frequent in the past. Nevertheless, recently, there is a growing number of works in the literature dealing with corrective osteotomies for mal-union of the distal radius after fractures not only for the Colles but also Smith type. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of deformation of the distal radius is a rewarding procedure which brings the patients a significant improvement of the function of the hand. The implant used by the authors proved useful for a plate fixation on the distal radius.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Postoperative morbidity in surgically treated extension fractures of the distal radius. A comparative study of dorsal and volar approach].

The aim of this study was to investigate perioperative morbidity in operative interventions in distal radiusfractures, comparing the operative approach from volar and dorsal. Only problems, resulting from the operative approach towards the distal aspect of the radius, were examined. In a Case-Control-Study, we investigated patients with operative by plate-osteosynthesis treated distal radius-extensions-fractures. During 3 years we investigated 92 patients. 49 were operated with a volar approach, and after changing the operative management, consecutive 43 patients with a dorsal approach to the distal radius. Indications for operative treatment were not changed. The approach to the distal aspect of the radius corresponded to the recent guidelines. Further perioperative procedures were identical, including procedures in anesthesiology. Datas of patients have been investigated for epidemiology, kind of operations, point of time in treatment, duration of operation, X-Ray, immobilisation and time of inhospital stay as well as all documented complications. It has been shown, that in respect of all criterias, concerning length of operation (106 vs. 83 min), intraoperative X-Ray (3.0 vs. 1.65 min) as well as postoperative immobilisation (33 vs. 25 days), and documented incidences of complications like secondary wound-healing (19/49 vs. 0/43) or nerval irritations (13/49 vs. 1/43), the dorsal osteosynthesis is definitively to be favored.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acute median neuropathy following physeal fractures of the distal radius.

Displaced distal physeal fractures of the radius are at risk for development of median neuropathy. The mechanism of injury includes compression of the nerve by the displaced fracture, contusion of the nerve at the time of fracture or reduction, or the development of a compartment syndrome. Patients with significant soft-tissue swelling and symptoms or signs of median nerve dysfunction are especially at risk for worsening neuropathy after closed reduction and closely applied cast immobilization or after open reduction. Closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation may be the optimal treatment for these patients.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1999

Assessment of peripheral sympathetic nervous function for diagnosing early post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I.

Clinical diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) in post-traumatic patients is often delayed since the clinical appearance of this disease resembles normal post-traumatic states to a certain extent (pain, edema, loss of function). The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of specific clinical features in CRPS I patients and normal post-traumatic patients and to evaluate the diagnostic value of a bedside test that measures the sympathetic nervous function. Fifty patients with post-traumatic CRPS I of the upper limb and 50 patients 8 weeks after distal radius fracture with an undisturbed course of disease were subjected to a detailed clinical examination. Pain was assessed using the VAS (visual analog scale), skin temperature measured with an infrared camera and grip-strength with a pneumatic manometer. In CRPS I patients, motor disturbances defined as an impaired active range of motion of the hand, were most frequent (96%, fracture patients: 40%), followed by edema (88%, fracture patients: 80%) and spontaneous pain (VAS 4.0 +/- 2.3, fracture patients: VAS 1.3 +/- 0.6). Systematic temperature differences (>1 degree C) between the affected and unaffected limbs were seen in only 42% of CRPS I patients and in 34% of the fracture patients. Further sensory, sudomotor or trophic changes of the hands were rare. As expected, there were significant differences in the quantity of edema, motor disturbances and sensory disturbances between CRPS I patients and normal fracture patients. However, normal fracture patients still suffered from several of the evaluated symptoms 8 weeks after trauma, which makes an early clinical diagnosis of the complication more difficult. Using a newly developed bedside test, the peripheral sympathetic nervous function was assessed in both groups of patients and in 50 age-matched healthy controls. The decrease in skin blood flow following sympathetic provocation maneuvers, detected by laser Doppler flowmetry, was quantified as sympathetic reactivity. In the affected hands of CRPS I patients, as well as in the contralateral hands, the sympathetic reactivity was obliterated or diminished in contrast to the age-matched controls and normal fracture patients. A multivariate analysis did not reveal any correlation between sympathetic function and the severity of any clinical symptom. Sympathetic reactivity seems to be an independent variable in CRPS I and the test presented may facilitate the difficult clinical diagnosis of this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Postfracture extensor pollicis longus tenosynovitis and tendon rupture: a scientific study and personal series.

Rupture of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon after a distal radius fracture is an uncommon event; the incidence is 3%,according to a review of treatment of 200 consecutive patients with Colles fractures. Diagnosis is based on persistent dorsal wrist pain and a positive retroflexion sign. Recommended treatments in the prerupture setting include a third dorsal compartment release with or without an extensor retinacular patch graft. Also recommended are a palmaris longus graft in the acute rupture setting and a transfer from the extensor indicis proprius to the EPL tendon in the subacute or chronic setting. Results of all treatments seem to be clinically satisfactory.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral distal radius and ulnar fractures in adolescent weight lifters.

Two cases of bilateral radius and ulnar fractures in adolescent weight lifters are described. The fractures healed without complications. However, the authors stress that these injuries can be prevented if coaches, trainers, and sports medicine physicians are aware of their occurrence and undertake necessary preventative measures. Adequate supervision with spotters at the end of each bar, appropriate foot wear, and, above all, the maximum level of concentration are key factors in preventing these injuries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Computer-generated bone models in the planning of osteotomy of multidirectional distal radius malunions.

Computer-assisted design and manufacturing technology has been used to create solid models of five unusually complex, multidirectional malunions of distal radius fractures. Preoperative planning was dramatically enhanced by the ability to perform the surgical procedure on these models, with a model of the uninjured limb used for comparison. All five patients had significant malunions, with malrotation in the horizontal plane in five and an impacted articular fragment in two. A satisfactory outcome was achieved in each case.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Anomalous course and anomalous division of the median nerve in the distal forearm].

An anatomic variation of the median nerve is demonstrated in a female patient suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome subsequent to a distal radius fracture with malalignment and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The median nerve coursed anterior to the superficial flexor tendons from proximal ulnar toward the distal radial region of the distal forearm, giving off an ulnar branch just 2.5 cm proximal to the flexor retinaculum. This case proves that in the distal forearm, branches of the median nerve can be found both radial and ulnar to the midline.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗

PubMed1986

[Ganglion in the discus triangularis. First description].

A fifty-four year old patient had persisting pain in the wrist following a distal radius fracture two years previously. A perforation of the discus triangularis was confirmed by arthrography, and the disc removed. Gelatinous fluid was found in the joint at operation. Histologically, a ganglion was present in the disc, close to an old tear. As far as we know, this is the first report of a disc ganglion. Disc ganglia probably occur more frequently than is recognized and could be responsible for pain, swelling and recurrent wrist ganglia.

Cartilage, Articular↗

PubMed1975

Fractures of the radius and ulna in children.

A consecutive series of 375 fractures of the radius and ulna in children of up to 15 years is described. At discharge from the fracture clinic, 65 failed to achieve a satisfactory result. After 4 years, however, only 9 children did not have normal function and only 1 was aware of any disability. The natural history of this injury is towards a complete functional recovery in the vast majority of cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Kapandji-Sauvé procedure for chronic disorders of the distal radioulnar joint with special regard to the long-term results].

We present the preliminary results of a retrospective study on 56 patients who underwent the Kapandji-Sauvé procedure for chronic disorders of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Outcome was assessed with special regard to the long-term results. The average follow-up was 5.9 years (1 to 12 years). 15 of the 56 operations were performed before 1996. Most procedures were performed because of secondary arthrosis or chronic dislocation of the DRUJ after distal radius fracture. Patients were assessed for pain, range of motion of wrist and forearm and radiological features. The DASH score and Mayo wrist score were used. Pain was improved in 94 % of the patients, but only 53 % were free of symptoms during heavy manual labour concerning the operated site. In four cases symptoms of ulnar impingement were found. Improvement in range of motion of wrist and forearm was significant. The post-operative DASH score was 22.6 +/- 20.0 and the Mayo wrist score was 79.5 +/- 14.6. One non-union of the DRUJ with consecutive fracture of the fixation screw and an algodystrophy in another case were found as postoperative complications. The only long-term complication consisted of a beginning humeroradial arthrosis ten years after the operation. The results demonstrate high patient satisfaction and reliable improvement in range of motion. Our results confirm the Kapandji-Sauvé procedure to be a reliable salvage procedure for arthrosis or chronic dislocation of the DRUJ even after long-term follow up.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Biomechanical comparison of five external wrist fixators.

The relative stiffness of five different external wrist fixators currently in use for distal radius fractures was determined using a uniform fracture model consisting of wood dowels to isolate the effects of the fixators themselves. Each construct was loaded in axial compression, eccentric and cantilever modes of bending, and torsion. The stiffest of the fixators varied by a factor of three in compression, five in bending, and three in torsion. Although the ideal stiffness of a wrist fixator is unknown, there is a large variation in the stiffness of existing devices.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed1999

The wrist of the formula 1 driver.

OBJECTIVES: During formula 1 driving, repetitive cumulative trauma may provoke nerve disorders such as nerve compression syndrome as well as osteoligament injuries. A study based on interrogatory and clinical examination of 22 drivers was carried out during the 1998 formula 1 World Championship in order to better define the type and frequency of these lesions. METHODS: The questions investigated nervous symptoms, such as paraesthesia and diminishment of sensitivity, and osteoligamentous symptoms, such as pain, specifying the localisation (ulnar side, dorsal aspect of the wrist, snuff box) and the effect of the wrist position on the intensity of the pain. Clinical examination was carried out bilaterally and symmetrically. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 22 drivers reported symptoms. One suffered cramp in his hands at the end of each race and one described a typical forearm effort compartment syndrome. Six drivers had effort "osteoligamentous" symptoms: three scapholunate pain; one medial hypercompression of the wrist; two sequellae of a distal radius fracture. Seven reported nerve disorders: two effort carpal tunnel syndromes; one typical carpal tunnel syndrome; one effort cubital tunnel syndrome; three paraesthesia in all fingers at the end of a race, without any objective signs. CONCLUSIONS: This appears to be the first report of upper extremity disorders in competition drivers. The use of a wrist pad to reduce the effects of vibration may help to prevent trauma to the wrist in formula 1 drivers.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[The use of pulse oximetry in the compartment syndrome].

After conservative therapy of a left-sided radius fracture a 14-year-old patient developed a compartment syndrome; within 24 h, that required immediate surgical intervention. Despite palpable peripheral pulsation of the radial and ulnar arteries, it was not possible to measure the arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry on the forefinger and fifth finger of the left hand, so that a compartment syndrome due to a disorder of perfusion could be diagnosed. After fasciotomy, it became possible to measure the oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry as well as plethysmographic visualization of the pulse curve. In this case pulse oximetry confirmed the indication for surgical intervention and immediately demonstrated its success.

Adolescent↗