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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Reference values of lymphocyte subsets in the normal healthy adult Kuwaiti Arab population.

Fluorescent monoclonal antibody labelling followed by a lysed whole blood method and flow cytometry was used to determine the lymphocyte subpopulations in 127 (64 males and 63 females) normal healthy individuals in the adult (age 18-59 years) Kuwaiti population. Relative percentages and absolute values of CD2+, CD3+, CD19+, CD4+, CD8+, HLADR+, CD56+, CD45RO+, and CD45RA+ cells were determined. The reference ranges were CD2+, 73-92% (0.95-2.99 x 10(9) per l), CD3+, 64-85% (0.83-2.71 x 10(9) per l), CD19+, 6-22% (0.05-0.61 x 10(9) per l), CD4+, 34-54% (0.45-1.65 x 10(9) per l), CD8+, 20-42% (0.29-1.17 x 10(9) per l), HLADR+, 4-23% (0.02-0.62 x 10(9) per l), CD56+, 4-22% (0.06-0.58 x 10(9) per l), CD45RO+, 16-53% (0.26-1.42 x 10(9) per l) and CD45RA+, 35-72% (0.34-2.05 x 10(9) per l). The mean CD4/CD8 ratio was 1.50+/-0.35. CD3+ cells were positively correlated to both CD4+ and CD8+ cells (P<0.001), and CD4+ cells showed a significant positive correlation with CD8+ cells (P<0.001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP): reference values in healthy nonatopic children.

BACKGROUND: Although serum ECP concentrations have been reported in normal children, there are currently no published upper cutoff reference limits for serum ECP in normal, nonatopic, nonasthmatic children aged 1-15 years. METHODS: We recruited 123 nonatopic, nonasthmatic normal children attending the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children for elective surgery and measured serum ECP concentrations. The effects of age and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on the upper reference limits were studied by multiple regression and fractional polynomials. RESULTS: The median serum ECP concentration was 6.5 microg/l and the 95th and 97.5 th percentiles were 18.8 and 19.9 microg/l. The median and 95th percentile did not vary with age. Exposure to ETS was not associated with altered serum ECP concentrations (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: The 95th and 97.5 th percentiles for serum ECP for normal, nonatopic, nonasthmatic children (aged 1-15 years) were 19 and 20 microg/l, respectively. Age and exposure to parental ETS did not significantly alter serum ECP concentrations or the normal upper reference limits. Our data provide cutoff upper reference limits for normal children for use of serum ECP in a clinical or research setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[MR pelvimetric reference values].

Complete pelvimetry can be easily performed via MR. As shown by comparing the measurements of 4 observers its reproducibility is acceptable. The reference diameters obtained on 53 patients by MR are in 7 out of 9 dimensions larger than those of anatomical and obstetrical textbooks, which have not changed in the last 100 years. Hence, with the general increase in population size an increase in pelvic diameters has taken place.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The magnesium loading test: reference values in healthy subjects.

The magnesium loading test is a useful tool in the diagnosis of magnesium deficiency. In order to establish a reference range in normal subjects, 88 healthy men and women aged between 18 and 66 years were given 30 mmol magnesium intravenously during eight hours as a loading test, urine was collected from start of infusion for 24 h for measurement of magnesium excretion. The magnesium mean retention was 6.3 +/- 10.3% of the loading dose, and the 0.025 and 0.975 fractiles were -19.5% and 27.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the sexes or in the different age groups studied. There was no correlation between the magnesium retention and serum magnesium or with basal urinary magnesium excretion. An excess excretion of magnesium was observed the postload day compared to baseline, but the excretion 24 and 48 h after the magnesium loading were closely correlated, suggesting that 24 h urinary sampling is sufficient. In order to examine the reproducibility of the test 23 of the subjects underwent two magnesium loading tests 4 weeks apart. The mean difference between two repeat magnesium loading tests was 2.0% with a SD of 8.1% and a 95% confidence interval of -1.6-5.5%. Normal saline did not affect baseline magnesium excretion. Concomitant administration of ethanol or physical exercise caused greater variation in magnesium excretion, whereas furosemide was without effect. The 8 h magnesium loading test with 24 h urine sampling seems to be fairly reproducible, is adequate for clinical use, but the normal range is wide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Pulmonary function testing reference values and interpretations in pediatric training programs.

A questionnaire was sent to all pediatric training programs to evaluate the use of pulmonary function reference standards and the interpretation of pulmonary function test results. Responses were obtained from 107 of 130 institutions, and 94 of these had pulmonary function laboratories available. Of the 94, 60 used one of three reference standards. The primary reason the reference standards were chosen was either unknown or because they came with the spirometer (24), were recommended by another person or were those used in that person's training (34), or were thought to be the best standards available or most applicable to the population to be tested (31). To define abnormality, most used an 80% predicted cutoff for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% vital capacity. For a change in an individual through time, most used a 10% change for forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% vital capacity. Thirteen used statistical methods to define abnormal individuals and none used statistical methods to define a significant change over time. Although there are a few guidelines for reference standards and interpretations of pulmonary function tests, it appears that most laboratories are not using those guidelines and that further guidelines and education are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Reference values for elements of toxicological, clinical and environmental interest in hair of urban subjects.

A monitoring campaign has been undertaken to ascertain the reference concentration ranges for a number of minor and trace elements in hair of healthy urban subjects under age 15. An outline of criteria and methods lying at the root of a sound and reliable experimental approach are presented with special regard to such crucial steps as study planning, sampling, storing, pretreatment, analysis and evaluation of results. Determinations were carried out mainly by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) given the wide investigative potential and inherently multielemental character of this technique. The results obtained so far regard 100 youngsters allowing reference intervals for Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Ti, V and Zn to be established for the population group tested. Finally, further developments of this activity are highlighted, particularly emphasizing the diagnostic capabilities of hair analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Spirometry reference values for nonexposed blue-collar workers.

Epidemiologic research into occupationally related lung disease often requires the comparison of a study population with an external reference group. To establish such a reference group, carefully selected blue-collar workers who had no obvious adverse occupational pulmonary exposure performed simple spirometry, were administered a standard questionnaire, and had standard chest roentgenograms taken. Prediction equations were established for six pulmonary function indices, and a method is given for using these equations to compare a study group with this external nonexposed group. Asymptomatic nonsmokers with negative roentgenograms were extracted from the overall group, and comparison with published data for other such normal groups indicated that the present group is similar to most of them, indicating that there are no serious biases in the present group.

Adult↗