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At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Periodontal wound healing in the absence of periodontal ligament cells.

This experiment was designed to study the ability of mucoperiosteal flap connective tissue to form new attachment on partially demineralized roots as well as nondemineralized roots in a wound-model where periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are absent, and ingrowth of bone granulation tissue is controlled. After reflecting mucoperiosteal flaps, bone was removed circumferentially around the distal root of mandibular second premolars and the mesial root of mandibular third premolars in five beagle dogs. The roots were completely denuded from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and curetted to remove PDL and cementum. Following root canal filling, the denuded roots on one side were conditioned with citric acid while the contralateral roots served as controls. To prevent bone-derived granulation tissue from contacting denuded roots, sheets of Nuclepore membrane were placed over the exposed bone margins and secured in place with steel ligatures. The flaps were coronally positioned and sutured. Histologic examination was made after three months of healing accompanied by regular plaque control. Both the experimental (acid conditioned) and control roots showed epithelium extending into the apical third of denuded roots and root resorption confined to the root apices. Some experimental specimens showed connective tissue adhesion in the apical third of roots without any new cementum or oriented fibers. Inflammatory cell infiltrate was seen extending to the apical third of denuded roots in both groups. In this model, the flap connective tissue cells failed to form new cementum and inserting fibers. Whether this was the result of inflammation and epithelial downgrowth or the inability of flap connective tissues to form new attachment could not be concluded from the study.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2006

Connective tissue grafting on resin ionomer in localized gingival recession.

BACKGROUND: One of the main objectives of periodontal reconstructive surgery is the coverage of exposed roots that occur due to gingival recession. On some occasions, where a caries, root resorption, or amalgam restoration exists on the exposed root surface, the treatment planning becomes more complex. This case report describes the use of a subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) on a resin ionomer-restored root surface to treat gingival recession that is complicated with the above-mentioned handicaps. METHODS: An amalgam restoration and carious lesion were removed following full-thickness flap reflection, and the cavity was restored with glass ionomer cement. An SCTG was placed onto the restoration, and the flap was coronally positioned. A porcelain crown restoration was performed 9 months after surgery. RESULTS: At 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-ups, probing depths were reduced and gain in attachment level was obtained with no clinical signs of inflammation in gingiva. Monthly periodontal controls revealed that creeping attachment had occurred on the restoration during the follow-up periods. CONCLUSION: This single case report serves as a good example to show that SCTG can be successfully performed to treat gingival recession associated with a glass ionomer-restored root surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Topical application of tetracycline in regenerative periodontal surgery in beagles.

This study was designed to test the effect of tetracycline on healing subsequent to periodontal surgery. Aqueous solutions of tetracyclines are highly acidic and may therefore represent a suitable substitute for citric acid. Furthermore, tetracyclines react with dental hard tissues to from long-lasting antimicrobial compounds, and they have a retarding effect on pellicle and plaque formation and an antienzymatic effect. The alveolar bone around mandibular premolars was surgically reduced up to 6 mm from the cementoenamel junction in two beagles. The denuded root surfaces were exposed to the oral environment during 3 months without plaque control. Regenerative surgery was then carried out, using root surface conditioning with 1% tetracycline and coronally repositioned flaps. Six months later, histologic evaluation showed connective tissue attachment extending to the cementoenamel junction in most of the specimens. Superficial root resorption was prevalent in the cervical region, below which a collar of replacement resorption partly surrounded the roots in a characteristic manner. Morphometric analysis showed that attachment gain was similar to that obtained with citric acid in a preceding series of seven dogs. These preliminary results indicate that connective tissue attachment gain after topical use of tetracycline is similar to that obtained with citric acid. In addition, the antibacterial capacity and biological effects of tetracycline warrant further study of its possible clinical use in periodontal reconstructive surgery.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2000

[Structure of the dog periodontium during milk and permanent occlusion].

The state of dog parodont during milk and permanent occlusion was studied by morphological methods in 8 animals. It was established that the structure of parodont of milk and permanent teeth has features characteristic for each type of occlusion. One of the important distinctions of parodont structure during milk occlusion is the presence of osteoclasts especially in the sites of root resorption. Close attachment of roots of milk teeth to follicles of permanent teeth should be taken into consideration in orthodontic correction of milk tooth position.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Invasive cervical resorption: clinical and radiological diagnosis and treatment of 3 cases.

Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon form of external root resorption. Etiologic factors include trauma, orthodontic treatment, intracoronal bleaching, and inflammation, but invasive cervical resorption is often idiopathic. There may be no external signs of this disorder, and the resorptive lesion is often detected by routine radiographic examination. This article describes the clinical and radiological diagnoses and treatment modalities of invasive cervical resorption in 3 patients. Two of the 3 cases were incidental radiographic findings and the teeth concerned were symptom free. One case was symptomatic due to periodontal infection. Computed tomography (CT) evaluation was performed in the 2 symptom-free patients. Thus, exact size and localization of the resorptive lesions were obtained. In 2 cases, root canal treatment was performed, and in the other case the resorptive defect was sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of polylactic acid on replanted teeth in dogs.

An attempt to inhibit root resorption and ankylosis of replanted roots in the mandibles of dogs was made by coating the root segments with a biodegradable compound. Resorption was not inhibited, but ankylosis response was apparently averted until the compound began to degrade.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Histologic evaluation of new attachment apparatus formation in humans. Part I.

Part I of this three-part human study evaluated the formation of a new attachment apparatus (bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament) on pathologically exposed root surfaces in an open and closed environment. The most apical level of calculus on the root served as a histologic reference point to measure regeneration on root surfaces exposed to the oral environment. Attempts were made to initiate the formation of a new attachment apparatus by flap curettage, root planing, coronectomy, and submersion of vital roots beneath the mucosa. Nonsubmerged defects were treated by the same surgical technique and served as controls. Biopsies were obtained at 6 months and regeneration was evaluated histometrically by two investigators who were unaware of the treatment performed. Data from 9 patients with 25 submerged and 22 nonsubmerged defects were submitted for statistical analysis. Results indicate that a new attachment apparatus did not form in any of the 22 nonsubmerged teeth; a new attachment apparatus did form in a submerged environment (0.75 mm); significantly more new attachment apparatus (P less than 0.05), new cementum (P less than 0.01), new connective tissue (P less than 0.05), and new bone (P less than 0.02) formed in submerged defects; new cementum was cellular in nature and formed equally well on old cementum and dentin. Greater percent positive regeneration of the attachment apparatus and all component tissues occurred in submerged defects and no extensive root resorption, ankylosis, or pulp death was observed on submerged or nonsubmerged roots.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1989

[Prognosis for the deciduous molars of juvenile dogs after root canal filling using apatite root sealer].

There are various restrictions on the root canal filling of deciduous roots after root canal treatment unlike in the case of permanent teeth, because deciduous molars undergo physiological root resorption with aging. Among the restrictions, it is most important that the root canal filling material be similarly absorbed and disappear along with the deciduous root so that it does not prevent the eruption of the permanent successors. Hardly any of the root canal filling materials currently on the market, however, are suitable for deciduous molars because some of them disappear earlier than the deciduous root without becoming indurated in the root canal, while some delay tooth replacement because they are resorbed with great difficulty, and continue strongly to stimulate the surrounding tissue of the root apex. Root canal filling materials utilizing alpha-TCP and hydroxyapatite with excellent biocompatibility have recently been put on the market by Sankin Kygyo Co. Type-III, in particular, contains only 5% iodoform, causing only very slight stimulation, and is a relatively good product from a practical standpoint, i.e., filling the root canal using a lentulo. Root canal filling was performed immediately after dental pulp extraction from the deciduous mandibular molars of juvenile dogs to determine the feasibility of filling deciduous teeth with root canal filling materials. Three dogs were then observed for sequential changes in the resorption of the deciduous roots, presence/absence of adverse effects on permanent successors, and influence on the process of eruption by means of radiographic examination every week. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The type-III apatite root sealar or Vitapex used for root canal filling was not absorbed, and there was almost no resorption of the root. Thus, the deciduous teeth on the experimental side were ejected and shed. 2. There was no significant difference in the amount of tooth germ formed between the experimental and control sides. 3. The amount of eruption tended to be delayed because of insufficient resorption of the root of the deciduous predecessor, but this tendency was considered to be due to the influence of the timing of root canal filling and individual difference. In the final analysis, no definite conclusions could be drawn.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution in pulpotomized primary teeth of schoolchildren.

This investigation was undertaken, clinically and radiographically, to assess the effect of glutaraldehyde as a pulp medicament in pulpotomized cariously exposed primary molars. Fifty-three primary molars of thirty-two second-grade children were evaluated after being treated by pulpotomy utilizing a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution. Failures were observed in 5.7 percent of the teeth at the six-month evaluation and increased with time: 9.6 percent after 12 months; and 18 percent after 25 months. Internal resorption was observed in six teeth; external resorption was found in only one tooth. Pulp canal obliteration, which was not listed as a failure, was observed in one tooth after 6 months, yielding a total of twenty teeth at the final examination. In thirty-eight pulpotomized teeth (82.6 percent), the resorption rate was similar to their antimeres; in another seven, root resorption was faster; and only one pulpotomized tooth resorbed more slowly than its antimere. The relatively high failure rate in the present study does not justify recommending a 2 percent buffered glutaraldehyde solution as a substitute to formocresol.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Radiographic characteristics of central ossifying fibroma.

Sixty-four instances of histologically documented ossifying and/or cementifying fibromas were evaluated. Adequate radiographs were available in 43 of the cases. Most of these benign fibro-osseous neoplasms occurred in women, with a predilection for the third and fourth decades. Six distinct radiographic patterns could be identified: (1) radiolucent, superimposed over teeth or residing in edentulous regions (28%); (2) radiolucent with opaque foci, lying in edentulous areas or superimposed over teeth (42%); (3) radiolucent, interposed between contiguous teeth (5%); (4) radiolucent with opaque foci, interposed between contiguous teeth (9%); (5) multilocular expansile (7%); and (6) aggressively expansile with opacification (9%). All lesions exhibited well-defined margins. Root resorption was a feature in 11% of the sample, and root divergence occurred in 17% of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

EM evaluation of bacterial biofilm and microorganisms on the apical external root surface of human teeth.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of bacterial biofilm on the external surface of the root apex in teeth with pulp necrosis, with and without radiographically visible periapical lesions, and in teeth with a vital pulp. Twenty-one teeth were extracted, eight with pulp necrosis and periapical lesions, eight with pulp necrosis without radiographically visible periapical lesions, and five with a vital pulp. The roots were sectioned, and the root apexes (+/- 3 mm) were processed for scanning electron microscope evaluation. The surface of the apical root was evaluated for the presence of microorganisms, root resorption, and biofilm. There were no microorganisms on the apical root surface of either teeth with pulp vitality or with pulp necrosis with no radiographically visible periapical lesions. Microorganisms were always present in teeth with pulp necrosis and radiographically visible periapical lesions. These included cocci, bacilli, and filaments and the presence of an apical biofilm. Apical biofilm is clinically important because microbial biofilms are inherently resistant to antimicrobial agents and cannot be removed by biomechanical preparation alone. This may cause failure of endodontic treatment as a consequence of persistent infection.

Biofilms↗
PubMed2006

Multiple teeth showing invasive cervical resorption--an entity with little known histologic features.

Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon form of external root resorption, characterized by resorption of the cervical region of the root. There is progressive loss of cementum and dentine with replacement by fibrovascular tissue derived from the periodontal ligament, with deposition of cementum-like hard tissue. In most cases, a single tooth is involved. We report a case of invasive cervical resorption that resulted in loss of multiple teeth from two different quadrants. The case highlights the diagnostic difficulty that may arise in this uncommon lesion, the pathologic features of which may be mistaken for a fibro-osseous lesion or a low-grade sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dental root surface structure as an indicator of age.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between the root surface structure of human teeth and the age of the individual and also to evaluate whatever contribution this relationship might give to multiple regression methods for age estimation. The material, consisting of 1000 permanent teeth, excluding molars, was examined by means of a new scoring system (Surface Roughness Scores, SRS) for surface roughness, in addition to the scoring systems of Gustafson (RG) and Johanson (RJ) for root resorption. Statistical analyses using the SPSS package indicated a symmetric left/right distribution of root surface structure. The Pearson correlation between age and RJ varied from -0.02 for maxillary central incisors to 0.54 for mandibular central incisors and was approximately the same for RG. These two scoring systems seem to be of little value in methods for age estimation. Correlations between age and the new scoring systems SRS were significant for all teeth and varied from 0.44 for maxillary second premolars to 0.68 for mandibular first premolars. There was no detectable influence of gender or reason for extraction. However, the SRS could not be assessed with sufficient reproducibility, and the estimates were therefore too subjective to be used as the sole criterion for age estimation. This scoring system could, however contribute positively to a multiple regression method.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Chlorhexidine as a root canal medicament for treating inflammatory lesions in the periodontal space.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-canal application of chlorhexidine on inflammatory root resorption. Dental pulps from monkey incisors were infected and resealed prior to extraction of the teeth. Root dentin was mechanically exposed and the teeth were replanted under aseptic conditions. After 4 weeks, the experimental teeth were dressed with chlorhexidine gel and resealed. Animals were sacrificed 4 weeks later, and their jaws prepared for histologic examination. Results showed that both marginal and apical periodontal inflammation and resorption were reduced in the chlorhexidine-treated teeth. It was concluded that the use of intra-canal chlorhexidine may be a useful adjunct in the treatment of inflammatory root resorption, but further human trials need to be undertaken before its clinical use can be recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Tooth eruption in a patient with craniometaphyseal dysplasia: case report.

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD) is a very rare genetic disorder of bone remodeling caused by osteoclast dysfunction. The clinical and radiographical features of oral findings are presented in a sporadic case of CMD in a child (age 10 years, 7 months). An intraoral examination showed severe malocclusions, including anterior crossbite and deep bite. Furthermore, a radiographic examination showed increased radiopacity of the maxilla and mandibular bones due to hyperostosis and sclerosis of the jaw. There was no root resorption of the canines or molars in the primary dentition, although root formation of the permanent teeth was proceeding. Dental age was calculated to be approximately 1 year, 4 months younger than his chronological age. The eruption speed of the permanent lateral incisors after the gingival emergence was shown to be within normal values, and we discuss whether the canines and premolars in the permanent dentition could erupt or not.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Effect of minocycline on healing of replanted dog teeth after extended dry times.

Minocycline is available as a locally administered tetracycline derivative antibiotic (Arestin, OraPharma, Inc., Warminster, PA, USA) which demonstrated antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory action that may slow down resorptive processes after severe traumatic injuries to the dentition. A total of 48 premolar roots of six mongrel dogs were instrumented in an aseptic fashion with rotary nickel-titanium files and obturated with vertically condensed warm gutta percha. All accesses were sealed with glass ionomer, the roots extracted and then allowed to bench dry for 60 min. Group 1 consisted of 15 roots that were coated with minocycline and replanted and nine roots that were replanted without minocycline. Group 2 consisted of 24 roots, all of which were prepared with a uniform cemental defect down to sound dentin along the lateral aspect of the root, with a high-speed bur following the 60-min dry time. Half of the roots (12) were then coated with minocycline and replanted, and the other 12 roots were replanted without minocycline. After 4 months, the dogs were killed and the roots prepared for histological evaluation. About 5- microm thick cross-sections of the root and surrounding tissue taken every 90 microm were evaluated for healing. In addition, residual root mass was also measured in the roots of group 1 to determine the extent of root structure loss for each treatment method. The roots with and without minocycline treatment showed no significant differences between the remaining root mass or the percentage of favorably healed root surfaces. The use of minocycline is not currently recommended for prevention or attenuation of external root resorption following avulsion in a dog trauma model.

Animals↗