SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Capture”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Gene expression in a pure population of odontoblasts isolated by laser-capture microdissection.

Studies of odontoblast differentiation and function have been limited due to difficulties in obtaining sufficient numbers of intact cells. We describe a novel approach of laser-capture microdissection to obtain homogenous populations of pre-odontoblasts and odontoblasts from tissue sections of mouse molar cusp tips. Fixation, processing, and staining conditions were assessed for the optimal retrieval of total RNA from microdissected odontoblasts. Fluorometric assays and RT-PCR analysis of alpha1(I) collagen, dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), and osteocalcin (OC) confirmed that the total RNA from three-day-old captured odontoblasts was sufficient in quantity and quality. Odontoblast-specific gene expression was studied by RT-PCR analysis performed in a single streptavidin-coated tube. At E15.5, Days 0 and 3, gene expression in laser-captured odontoblasts resembled that seen in vivo by in situ hybridization. The use of LCM is thus a valuable means of retrieving quality RNA from discrete populations of odontoblasts at different stages of dentinogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Diagnosis of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in horses by immunoglobulin M and G capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG) capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used as possible adjuncts to hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) tests to differentiate between reaction to recent exposure to eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus and those due to prior vaccination. Serum samples were evaluated by the IgM-capture ELISA, and the results were compared with those of HI and VN tests. Of 381 serum samples, 51% (195 samples) were positive by HI test (> or = 1:40) and 54% (205 samples) were positive by VN test (> or = 1:10), but only 35% (132 samples) were positive by IgM-capture ELISA (> or = 1:100). With only a few exceptions, the sera with IgG ELISA titers had a VN titer of > or = 1:100. When EEE virus isolation and serology were compared, the EEE cases were divided into three categories: 1) peracute cases--the serum was negative for EEE IgM and IgG by the ELISA, negative for VN antibody, but HI antibody positive; 2) acute cases--IgM and HI antibody positive but negative for IgG and VN antibody; and 3) transitional cases--positive for IgM and IgG antibodies, HI titers of 1:40-1:160, and VN titers of > or = 1:100. IgM antibodies of EEE virus were monospecific and did not cross-react with western or Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis viral antigens by the ELISA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Gene capture prediction and overlap estimation in EST sequencing from one or multiple libraries.

BACKGROUND: In expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing, we are often interested in how many genes we can capture in an EST sample of a targeted size. This information provides insights to sequencing efficiency in experimental design, as well as clues to the diversity of expressed genes in the tissue from which the library was constructed. RESULTS: We propose a compound Poisson process model that can accurately predict the gene capture in a future EST sample based on an initial EST sample. It also allows estimation of the number of expressed genes in one cDNA library or co-expressed in two cDNA libraries. The superior performance of the new prediction method over an existing approach is established by a simulation study. Our analysis of four Arabidopsis thaliana EST sets suggests that the number of expressed genes present in four different cDNA libraries of Arabidopsis thaliana varies from 9155 (root) to 12005 (silique). An observed fraction of co-expressed genes in two different EST sets as low as 25% can correspond to an actual overlap fraction greater than 65%. CONCLUSION: The proposed method provides a convenient tool for gene capture prediction and cDNA library property diagnosis in EST sequencing.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

Biomarker metabolites capturing the metabolite variance present in a rice plant developmental period.

BACKGROUND: This study analyzes metabolomic data from a rice tillering (branching) developmental profile to define a set of biomarker metabolites that reliably captures the metabolite variance of this plant developmental event, and which has potential as a basis for rapid comparative screening of metabolite profiles in relation to change in development, environment, or genotype. Changes in metabolism, and in metabolite profile, occur as a part of, and in response to, developmental events. These changes are influenced by the developmental program, as well as external factors impinging on it. Many samples are needed, however, to characterize quantitative aspects of developmental variation. A biomarker metabolite set could benefit screening of quantitative plant developmental variation by providing some of the advantages of both comprehensive metabolomic studies and focused studies of particular metabolites or pathways. RESULTS: An appropriate set of biomarker metabolites to represent the plant developmental period including the initiation and early growth of rice tillering (branching) was obtained by: (1) determining principal components of the comprehensive metabolomic profile, then (2) identifying clusters of metabolites representing variation in loading on the first three principal components, and finally (3) selecting individual metabolites from these clusters that were known to be common among diverse organisms. The resultant set of 21 biomarker metabolites was reliable (P = 0.001) in capturing 83% of the metabolite variation in development. Furthermore, a subset of the biomarker metabolites was successful (P = 0.05) in correctly predicting metabolite change in response to environment as determined in another rice metabolomics study. CONCLUSION: The ability to define a set of biomarker metabolites that reliably captures the metabolite variance of a plant developmental event was established. The biomarker metabolites are all commonly present in diverse organisms, so studies of their quantitative relationships can provide comparative information concerning metabolite profiles in relation to change in plant development, environment, or genotype.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2005

Reduction of lunar landing fuel requirements by utilizing lunar ballistic capture.

Ballistic lunar capture trajectories have been successfully utilized for lunar orbital missions since 1991. Recent interest in lunar landing trajectories has occurred due to a directive from President Bush to return humans to the Moon by 2015. NASA requirements for humans to return to the lunar surface include separation of crew and cargo missions, all lunar surface access, and anytime-abort to return to Earth. Such requirements are very demanding from a propellant standpoint. The subject of this paper is the application of lunar ballistic capture for the reduction of lunar landing propellant requirements. Preliminary studies of the application of weak stability boundary (WSB) trajectories and ballistic capture have shown that considerable savings in low Earth orbit (LEO) mission mass may be realized, on the order of 36% less than conventional Hohmann transfer orbit missions. Other advantages, such as reduction in launch window constraints and reduction of lunar orbit maintenance propellant requirements, have also surfaced from this study.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Experience in implementing inpatient clinical note capture via a provider order entry system.

Care providers' adoption of computer-based health-related documentation ("note capture") tools has been limited, even though such tools have the potential to facilitate information gathering and to promote efficiency of clinical charting. The authors have developed and deployed a computerized note-capture tool that has been made available to end users through a care provider order entry (CPOE) system already in wide use at Vanderbilt. Overall note-capture tool usage between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2001, increased substantially, both in the number of users and in their frequency of use. This case report is provided as an example of how an existing care provider order entry environment can facilitate clinical end-user adoption of a computer-assisted documentation tool-a concept that may seem counterintuitive to some.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMed1999

Motor control of tongue movement during prey capture in plethodontid salamanders

Four species of salamander of the family Plethodontidae were examined using electromyographic (EMG) recording during prey-capture behavior to test the hypotheses that the tongue retractor, tongue protractor and jaw depressor muscles are activated simultaneously and in a stereotyped pattern, as was found in other salamanders, and to determine whether species with different tongue morphologies and tongue protraction abilities exhibit different motor control strategies. The results show that sequential activation was observed far more frequently than simultaneous activation; the jaw depressor muscle was activated first, followed by the tongue protractor and then the tongue retractor. Species with short, attached tongues (Desmognathus quadramaculatus and Plethodon jordani) showed simultaneous activation more often than species with long, free tongues (Pseudotriton ruber and Hydromantes supramontis), which showed strongly non-simultaneous activation. Most EMG variables showed no effect of prey-capture success, suggesting that sensory feedback is not involved in modulating the motor pattern during the prey-capture strike. Hydromantes supramontis was examined for modulation of its motor pattern in response to prey distance, and several EMG variables were found to be positively correlated with tongue protraction distance. The motor pattern of strongly non-simultaneous activation of antagonistic tongue muscles has evolved along with the evolution of long, free tongues in plethodontids. The variable motor patterns observed provide further evidence that amphibian feeding in general is not as highly stereotyped as has been previously thought.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

Role of prey-capture experience in the development of the escape response in the squid Loligo opalescens: a physiological correlate in an identified neuron.

Although extensively used for biophysical studies, the squid giant axon system remains largely unexplored in regard to in vivo function and modulation in any biologically relevant context. Here we show that successful establishment of the recruitment pattern for the giant axon in the escape response elicited by a brief electrical stimulus depends on prey-capture experience early in life. Juvenile squid fed only slow-moving, easy-to-capture prey items (Artemia salina) develop deficits in coordinating activity in the giant axon system with that of a parallel set of non-giant motor axons during escape responses. These deficits are absent in cohorts fed fast-moving, challenging prey items (copepods). These results suggest that the acquisition of inhibitory control over the giant axon system is experience-dependent and that both prey-capture and escape behavior depend on this control.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Evaluating the use of ram and suction during prey capture by cichlid fishes.

We characterized prey-capture strategies in seven species of cichlid fishes representing diverse trophic habits and anticipated feeding abilities. The species examined were Petenia splendida, Cichla ocellaris, Cichlasoma minckleyi, Astronotus ocellatus, Crenicichla geayi, Heros severus (formerly Cichlasoma severum) and Cyprichromis leptosoma. Three individuals per species were filmed with video at 500 Hz as they captured live adult Artemia sp. and Poecilia reticulata. For each feeding sequence, we measured the contribution of predator movement towards the prey (i.e. ram) and the movement of prey towards the predator due to suction. The use of ram differed significantly among prey types and predator species, varying as much as sixfold across predator species. High values of ram resulted in high attack velocities. Jaw protrusion contributed as much as 50% to overall ram values in some species, verifying its role in enhancing attack velocity. Suction distance did not vary significantly among species. Diversity in prey-capture behavior was therefore found to reflect differences among species in the strategy used to approach prey. Limited variation in the distance from which prey were sucked into the mouth is interpreted as the result of an expected exponential decline in water velocity with distance from the mouth of the suction-feeding predator. We propose that this relationship represents a major constraint on the distance over which suction feeding is effective for all aquatic-feeding predators.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

A review of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and the design and dosimetry of a high-intensity, 24 keV, neutron beam for BNCT research.

This paper reviews the development of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and describes the design and dosimetry of an intermediate energy neutron beam, developed at the Harwell Laboratory, principally for BNCT research. Boron neutron capture therapy is a technique for the treatment of gliomas (a fatal form of brain tumour). The technique involves preferentially attaching 10B atoms to tumour cells and irradiating them with thermal neutrons. The thermal neutron capture products of 10B are short range and highly damaging, so they kill the tumour cells, but healthy tissue is relatively undamaged. Early trials required extensive neurosurgery to exposure the tumour to the thermal neutrons used and were unsuccessful. It is thought that intermediate-energy neutrons will overcome many of the problems encountered in the early trials, because they have greater penetration prior to thermalization, so that surgery will not be required. An intermediate-energy neutron beam has been developed at the Harwell Laboratory for research into BNCT. Neutrons from the core of a high-flux nuclear reactor are filtered with a combination of iron, aluminium and sulphur. Dosimetry measurements have been made to determine the neutron and gamma-ray characteristics of this beam, and to monitor them throughout the four cycles used for BNCT research. The beam is of high intensity (approximately 2 x 10(7) neutrons cm-2 s-1, equivalent to a neutron kerma rate in water of 205 mGy h-1) and nearly monoenergetic (93% of the neutrons have energies approximately 24 keV, corresponding to 79% of the neutron kerma rate).

Boron↗

PubMed1992

Prevalence of Listeria (spp.) in wild rats captured in the Kanto area of Japan.

In the Kanto area a total of 245 wild rats were captured. All rats captured in Ikebukuro (110 rats) and 9 out of 41 rats in Yokohama were Rattus rattus, and all other 126 rats were Rattus norvegicus. In Kashima and Ikebukuro, listeria was isolated from 28 rats (77.8%) and 27 rats (24.5%), respectively, but in the other 4 areas listeria was isolated from 0-7% rats. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 12 rats (10.9%) captured in Ikebukuro and 2 rats in Kashima and Numazu. The frequent isolation of L. monocytogenes in buildings suggests the possibility of R. rattus as a reservoir of L. monocytogenes and the continual environmental contamination in buildings by L. monocytogenes.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Real-time polymerase chain reaction and laser capture microdissection for the diagnosis of BK virus infection in renal allografts.

We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology to detect BK virus (BKV) in H and E-stained kidney biopsy sections, using laser capture microdissection. Renal allograft biopsy specimens from 4 patients with the histopathologic diagnosis of BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN; group 1) and 3 patients suspected to have BKVAN but without diagnostic histologic features (group 2) were retrieved. Diagnostic inclusion-bearing cells were microdissected by laser capture microscopy from group 1. Renal tubular epithelial cells were microdissected randomly in group 2. DNA was extracted and real-time amplification performed using primers targeting the large "T" and small "t" regions of the BKV and JC virus genomes. Tubular epithelial cells from a case without evidence of BKV infection were used as negative controls in a similar reaction. BKV presence was demonstrated only in epithelial cells containing typical viral inclusions. Group 2 and negative control samples were confirmed as negative for BKVAN. Real-time PCR technology can be used to detect BKV in H and E-stained, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. This technique detected BKV in tubular epithelial cells of renal allografts. To our knowledge, this is the first report of detecting BKV in laser capture microdissected renal biopsy specimens using real-time PCR.

BK Virus↗

PubMed2004

Bimodal fingerprint capturing system based on compound-eye imaging module.

A compact imaging system called TOMBO (Thin Observation Module by Bound Optics) is proposed in which a microlens array is used for thin hardware configuration. This paper describes a fingerprint-capturing module as an application of the TOMBO. Experimental results by the TOMBO prototype system are shown to clarify the applicability of the TOMBO to the fingerprint capturing. Different types of biometrics, i.e., fingerprint and face images, are captured by the same hardware, which shows the extendability of the system for multimodal identification.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Reconstruction of a high-resolution image on a compound-eye image-capturing system.

The authors have proposed an architecture for a compact image-capturing system called TOMBO (thin observation module by bound optics), which uses compound-eye imaging for a compact hardware configuration [Appl. Opt. 40, 1806 (2001)]. The captured compound image is decomposed into a set of unit images, then the pixels in the unit images are processed with digital processing to retrieve the target image. A new method for high-resolution image reconstruction, called a pixel rearrange method, is proposed. The relation between the target object and the captured signals is estimated and utilized to rearrange the original pixel information. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. In the experimental TOMBO system, the resolution obtained is four times higher than that of the unit image that did not undergo reconstruction processing.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Rabi oscillation damped by exciton leakage and Auger capture in quantum dots.

The decoherence of Rabi oscillation (RO) caused by biexciton, population leakage to the wetting layer (WL), and Auger capture in semiconductor quantum dots is theoretically analyzed with multilevel optical Bloch equations. The corresponding effects on the quality factor of RO are also discussed. We have found that the biexciton effect is relatively trifling, as the pulse duration is longer than 5 ps. The population leakage to the WL leads to a decrease of the RO average even though the damping rate is similar to that observed in the experiment. Auger capture in quantum dots results in RO damping that is consistent with the experimental data, which implies that Auger capture is an important decoherence process in quantum dots.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2024

Comparative transcriptomics of Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) across stages of prey capture and digestion.

The Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula, is perhaps the world's best-known botanical carnivore. The act of prey capture and digestion along with its rapidly closing, charismatic traps make this species a compelling model for studying the evolution and fundamental biology of carnivorous plants. There is a growing body of research on the genome, transcriptome, and digestome of Dionaea muscipula, but surprisingly limited information on changes in trap transcript abundance over time since feeding. Here we present the results of a comparative transcriptomics project exploring the transcriptomic changes across seven timepoints in a 72-hour time series of prey digestion and three timepoints directly comparing triggered traps with and without prey items. We document a dynamic response to prey capture including changes in abundance of transcripts with Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to digestion and nutrient uptake. Comparisons of traps with and without prey documented 174 significantly differentially expressed genes at 1 hour after triggering and 151 genes with significantly different abundances at 24 hours. Approximately 50% of annotated protein-coding genes in Venus flytrap genome exhibit change (10041 of 21135) in transcript abundance following prey capture. Whereas peak abundance for most of these genes was observed within 3 hours, an expression cluster of 3009 genes exhibited continuously increasing abundance over the 72-hour sampling period, and transcript for these genes with GO annotation terms including both catabolism and nutrient transport may continue to accumulate beyond 72 hours.

Droseraceae↗

PubMed2005

A gel-based dual antibody capture and detection method for assaying of extracellular cytokine secretion: EliCell.

A distinguishing feature of eosinophils is their ability to rapidly release preformed cytokines from intracellular pools. Cytokines are delivered to the cell surface from granule stores by transport vesicles and are released in small packets at discrete locations along the cell surface through a process termed "piecemeal" degranulation. The study of this process has been hindered by lack of an assay sensitive enough to register minute protein concentrations and the inability to visualize morphology of cytokine secreting cells. These hindrances have necessitated our development of the EliCell assay, an agarose-based dual cytokine capture and detection system through which cytokine secretion and cellular morphology may be analyzed in concert. Cells are embedded within capture antibody-containing agarose and stimulated under conditions of interest. Extracellularly released cytokine is captured within the matrix at the point of release from the cell and can be labeled with a fluorochrome-conjugated antibody. Cytokine release and cellular morphology are visualized in parallel by phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy, respectively.

Antibodies↗

PubMed2001

Direct antigen capture by soluble scFv antibodies. A method for detection, characterization, and determination of affinity.

For ease of detection, soluble forms of phage-displayed scFv antibodies are usually expressed with a tag, e.g., c-myc or His (Histidine). The binding is then assayed by a monoclonal antibody to the tag. In this article, we describe the use of biotinylated antigen for detecting soluble scFv antibodies without utilizing the peptide tag detection system. The scFv antibodies were against the oncoplacental antigen heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (HSAP). The method essentially consisted of either reverse Western or antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the reverse Western, periplasmic extract was electrophoresed, and binding to biotinylated antigen was detected by the detection system based on streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase. The antigen capture ELISA utilized the binding of periplasmic extract to a polystyrene plate. We have also demonstrated the use of antigen capture ELISA for studying specificity and affinity of the selected clones. Although these techniques have been developed for antibodies to HSAP, they have general utility for phage expression systems without a peptide tag.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗