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PubMedDate not supplied

[Modification of a rheumatoid model disease using a benzopyron preparation].

The influence of a benzopyrone-preparation on the process of an experimental erysipelas in the rat, an animal model for the human rheumatoid arthritis, was studied. By plethysomometric determination of the paw volume it was shown that the swelling of the paw was significantly smaller in the benzopyrone-group than in the control-group. Furthermore it was observed that the administration of benzopyrones significantly reduced cornea-oedemas, a characteristic of the erysipelas model. The reduction of body weight, occurring during erysipelas disease, is not significantly improved by benzopyrone administration. The mortality, which is much smaller in the benzopyrone-group (30%) than in the matened control group (60%), demonstrates the good tolerance of the drug. The revealed results are described and the influence of benzopyrones on this rheumatoid disease is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

A comparison of clinical findings of familial Mediterranean fever patients with and without amyloidosis.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the clinical and demographic characteristics of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients with and without amyloidosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical data of 503 patients with FMF (females:males 250:253) were reviewed. Fifty of these patients had amyloidosis (f:m 23:27). RESULTS: The ages of attack onset in patients with and without amyloidosis were 7.8+/-6.2 and 11.1+/-8.5, respectively (P<0.05). The time between disease onset and diagnosis was longer in patients with amyloidosis than those without (187.6+/-99.4 months and 132.5+/-110.2 months, respectively, P<0.001). More patients in the amyloidosis group had positive family histories of FMF (68% vs 54%, P<0.05). The frequencies of chest pain (78% vs 51%, P<0.001), arthritis ( 80% vs 60%, P<0.01), and erysipelas-like erythema (44% vs 16%, P<0.001) were higher in the amyloidosis group. CONCLUSION: In the amyloidosis group, FMF-related manifestations of chest pain, arthritis, and erysipelas-like erythema are more frequent. Our results also support that long periods between disease onset and diagnosis are associated with a high risk of developing amyloidosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Intravascular lymphomatosis (angiotrophic large-cell lymphoma), a rare differential diagnosis in painful swelling of the leg with treatment-resistant fever].

HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: For one month a 69-year-old woman had been suffering from increasingly painful and reddened swelling of both legs and induration of the skin of the left thigh, about 15 cm in diameter. In addition she had fever and rigors. Antibiotic treatment, begun because erysipelas was suspected, was ineffective and she was hospitalized. Although obese she was in a good general condition with no obvious abnormalities on routine lung, heart and neurological examination. No lymph nodes were palpated. INVESTIGATIONS: Laboratory tests showed increased inflammatory parameters, marked rise in lactate dehydrogenase and a normochromic anaemia, hemoglobin of 9.5 g/dl. Doppler sonography excluded deep vein thrombosis, but marked chronic venous insufficiency was revealed. Extensive tests, including soft-tissue sonography, radiology and skin biopsy failed to establish a diagnosis. TREATMENT AND CAUSE: Antibiotic treatment was resumed because a diagnosis of only partly treated erysipelas was made. But several changes to a variety of antibiotics remained ineffective. Collagen disease was excluded by the biochemical and biopsy results. As the skin changes in both legs increased a skin and muscle biopsy from the indurated area of the left thigh was done: it showed intravascular large-cell lymphomatosis. A search for a paraneoplastic process revealed an adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon that was successfully resected. The patient died before the planned chemotherapy could be initiated. CONCLUSION: In case of treatment-resistant fever associated with painful swelling of the leg and skin changes of unknown etiology a deep skin biopsy should be an early consideration to exclude such causes as lymphoma, including the very rare intravascular clear-cell lymphomatosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

Invasive group A streptococcal infections: T1M1 isolates expressing pyrogenic exotoxins A and B in combination with selective lack of toxin-neutralizing antibodies are associated with increased risk of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

Analysis of 132 group A streptococcal (GAS) isolates from 151 invasive episodes, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), from 1983 to 1995 showed great genetic variation by use of T serotyping in combination with restriction fragment length polymorphism. In contrast, genetically homogenous T1M1 isolates appeared in epidemic patterns with significantly increased risk of STSS. The speA gene, with the allelic variants speA2 and speA3 carried by the T1M1 and T3M3 serotypes, respectively, was strongly associated with STSS. Infection with a GAS isolate carrying speA, alcohol abuse, and malignancy recently treated with cytostatic drugs were factors independently related to STSS. Neutralization of SpeA lymphocyte mitogenicity was totally absent in sera from patients with STSS and low in sera from persons with uncomplicated bacteremia compared with levels in sera from uncomplicated erysipelas. Neutralization of SpeB was significantly lower in sera of patients with STSS than in sera from persons with bacteremia or erysipelas.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Protective immunity of SpaA-antigen producing Lactococcus lactis against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection.

AIMS: To develop an economical, safe and simple vaccination system against swine erysipelas using SpaA-antigen producing Lactococcus lactis. METHODS AND RESULTS: The spaA gene of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was inserted into a shuttle plasmid pSECE1 to construct pSECE1.3. The SpaA produced in L. lactis maintained a stable antigenicity without degrading in growth. After mice were inoculated intranasally and orally with pSECE1.3-carrying L. lactis cells, IgG and IgA specific to SpaA were detected, and all the mice survived a challenge with 100 LD(50) of E. rhusiopathiae Tama-96 in the inner thigh. CONCLUSIONS: SpaA-producing L. lactis appears useful as an effective subunit vaccine against swine erysipelas. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this vaccination system, purification of the antigen and injection are unnecessary, leading to a reduced production cost, reduced labour and less stress to the animals. This vaccination system of the lactic acid bacteria should be a safe and suitable vehicle for a polyvalent vaccine.

Administration, Intranasal↗

PubMed2005

Efficiency of Echinacea purpurea on performance and immune status in pigs.

The aim of the present investigation was to examine the inclusion of the dried herb Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH as feed additive in diets of sows, piglets, and grower/finisher pigs on growth performance, blood picture, plasma enzymes including proliferation of lymphocytes, antibody status, and protein and immune globulin content of colostrum. The control groups were supplemented with alfalfa meal. The sows (total 36) received 0%, 1.2%, or 3.6% Echinacea cobs in the diet from day 85 to day 110 of gestation and 0%, 0.5%, or 1.5% Echinacea cobs up to day 28 of lactation. No significant differences were found for growth performance, weight loss, blood picture, plasma enzymes, and colostrum composition. Performance of the sucking piglets was not impaired either during lactation or during a 4 week observation period after weaning. The health status was similar in all treatment groups. In a second experiment, lasting 6 weeks, with 36 piglets (5.8-22.1 kg body weight), 1.8% Echinacea cobs, or 20 mg/kg feed Flavomycin were supplemented. No significant differences were found for the recorded parameters. Feed conversion ratio (kg feed/kg gain) of the Echinacea group was slightly (4%) increased (1.54 vs. 1.60). In a third trial, 48 grower/finisher pigs were used during a 9-week experimental period with two supplementation phases (weeks 1-3 and weeks 7-9). The experimental groups received 0%, 1.5% cobs or 4-6 ml pressed juice (commercial standard) per day respectively. Vaccination with Swine erysipelas was implemented in weeks 1 and 5 to determine the specific immune response. Growth performance and blood picture for all groups were similar, however, feed conversion of both Echinacea supplemented groups was significantly (p < 0.03) better than of the unsupplemented control group (2.44 vs. 2.51). In addition, the Swine erysipelas antibodies showed a marked significance (p < 0.05) in regard of altitude in both supplemented groups. It is concluded, that E. purpurea might be used as a feed additive to achieve immune stimulating efficiency in pig production and increase feed-to-gain-conversion. The efficiency of cobs is comparable to a commercial juice product.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1976

Polyarthritis of pigs in western Australia: the role of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

A 3-month survey of polyarthritis in pigs was carried out at 3 metropolitan abattoirs in Western Australia. The incidence of total carcass condemnations for polyarthritis was 0.46% and partial condemnation for "arthritis" 1.66% of 15,919 pigs. It was demonstrated that the majority of joint lesions found in either total or partial condemnations were identical pathological conditions, usually differing only in the number of joints involved. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from the joints of 63% of pigs condemned for polyarthritis; it appears that this organism is the most significant aetiological agent of polyarthritis in Western Australia. The role of mycoplasmas has not been determined. The groww and microscopic lesions seen in affected joints were those of a non-suppurative proliferative polysynovitis. The stifle and elbow joints showed the highest incidence of the most severe lesions. Pigs condemned for polyarthritis over a 6-month period were traced back to 125 farms. Eighty per cent of pigs that had been condemned for polyarthritis had not been vaccinated against erysipelas or were of doubtful vaccination status. Only 3% of pigs had been vaccinated as recommended. The results would suggest that erysipelas vaccine is not directly implicated in the pathogenesis of polyarthritis. The majority of pigs condemned for polyarthritis originated from poorly managed small piggeries run as sideline enterprises. There was no significant pattern to the geographical distribution of polyarthritis cases in Western Australia. Likewise, no significant realtionship was established between polyarthritis condemnations and either breed, sex or bodyweight of thepigs involved.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Automated cytochemical differential leucocyte count in patients hospitalized with acute bacterial infections.

Absolute blood levels of various leucocyte types were measured by an automated cytochemical differential count (Hemalog D/90) in 84 adult patients hospitalised with an acute bacterial infection. The neutrophil granulocyte levels varied widely in all patient categories ranging from a normal value to a high count. Neutrophilic granulocytosis defined by a count exceeding 6.0 X 10(9)/l was detected in 47 patients (56%). An increased level of neutrophils with a high myeloperoxidase activity (Hpx cells) representing leucocytes recruited from the bone marrow was found in 51 patients (61%). Monocytosis was found in 25 (30%) and lymphocytopenia in 23 patients (27%). A high number of large unstained cells indicating an increase in atypical lymphocytes was detected in only 3 persons. Entirely normal cytochemical parameters were recorded in 13 patients (15%). The relationship between various leucocyte types was investigated in 26 patients with erysipelas. A negative association (r = -0.59) was observed between the neutrophil and the monocyte count. There was no correlation between the neutrophil and the lymphocyte count, nor between the levels of monocytes and lymphocytes. A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was established between the neutrophil count and the level of Hpx cells indicating that recruitment of immature cells from the bone marrow reserve pool is a feature of patients with erysipelas. The high precision and reproducibility of the cytochemical differential count indicate that the variability noted in the disease categories studied is a biological one, being the result of the complex interaction of invading microorganisms with the host defence system.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Cutaneous manifestations of familial Mediterranean fever.

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is frequently accompanied by erysipelas-like attacks. These should alert the physician to the correct diagnosis of this systemic disease. Several other nonspecific skin lesions may be seen in FMF. To our knowledge, histologic findings in erysipelas-like skin rashes seen in FMF are not reported elsewhere in the literature.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Two cases of severe cutaneous vasculitis with thrombocytopenia associated with hepatic cirrhosis: autoimmune and infective-inflammatory component with endothelial lesion and restrictive pulmonary pattern in one case].

Two clinical cases of female patients with hepatic cirrhosis and autoimmune multisystemic involvement with infectious intercurrent are reported. Case 1 presented infective endocarditis and erysipelas on the left thigh. In the course of the clinical picture a cutaneous vasculitis developed in the same place together with autoimmune thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and pulmonary restrictive picture with inflammatory pattern. There are also elevate immune complexes and complement consumption. Case 2 presented erysipelas on the left thigh cutaneous vasculitis and complement consumption. In Case 1 the infective endocarditis was treated with antibiotic therapy during 4 weeks followed by 1 mg/kg corticoid (Prednisone) with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia reversion. Case 2 presented an improvement with antibiotic only. The relation between chronic liver diseases and systemic autoimmune phenomena is commented, special attention being paid to the cutaneous, hematological and pulmonary affection.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The efficacy of the ultraviolet irradiation of the blood in the combined treatment of erysipelatous inflammation].

An experience with treatment of 1527 patients with different forms of erysipelas is analyzed. Under study were clinical data, nonspecific resistance parameters, peripheral and central hemodynamics and viscosity of blood. Ultraviolet irradiation of blood is an effective method of pathogenetical treatment of erysipelas which results in rapid arrest of local and general symptoms of the disease. The number of complications and recurrences was reduced.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiologic research to assess some socioeconomic aspects of health care in patients with infections caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus and their complications].

Authors present some epidemiological aspects of medical and socioeconomic implications caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (ABHS) infections and by their complications, assessed on 10948 inpatients with angina, 323 with scarlet fever, and 644 with erysipelas, hospitalized in the City of Galati, between 2000-2003. All these three major diseases determined by ABHS needed 79125 days of hospitalization, with an average period of 6.4 days for angina, 76 for scarlet fever, and 10.4 for erysipelas. The costs of the mere hospitalization of these inpatients (11915) amounted to 14,479,543,800 lei. This fact highlights how costly the infections caused by AHBS are.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

[Use of immunoenzyme analysis for evaluating the specificity of the antibody recognition of the antigenic determinants of Streptococcus group A].

Investigations carried out with the use of a CELIA system have revealed that antibodies in the sera of patients with primary erysipelas and antibodies in rabbit antiserum to the ribosomes of group A streptococcus specifically bind with adsorbed streptococcal ribosomes, recognizing the antigenic determinants of streptococcal ribosomes, which differ from those of individual Gram-negative prokaryotes (Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella minnesota). The modified CELIA system used in this investigation has made it possible to find out that antibodies in the sera of patients with primary erysipelas and antibodies in rabbit ribosomal antiserum bind with different antigenic determinants of the ribosomes of group A streptococcus.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

[Efficacy of sultamicillin fine granules in pyoderma, particularly in impetigo contagiosa].

Sultamicillin fine granules were administered orally to 21 patients with impetigo contagiosa and 1 patient with erysipelas, and its clinical efficacy and safety were assessed. The dosage was 10-30 mg/kg daily. Clinical efficacies of impetigo contagiosa were "excellent" in 20 cases and "fair" in 1 case, with an overall efficacy rate of 95%. The result of treatment in erysipelas was "good". Out of 19 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from foci, 17 strains had high beta-lactamase activities. In these 17 strains, sensitivity to the drug was 2-32-fold higher than to ampicillin, and in 14 out of these 17 strains 4-8-fold higher sensitivity was noted. As side effects, mild diarrhea was seen in 2 patients, but those recovered spontaneously in 3-4 days without particular treatment.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1987

Cross protection of mice and swine inoculated with culture filtrate of attenuated Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and challenge exposed to strains of various serovars.

Mice and swine inoculated subcutaneously with culture filtrate vaccine prepared from acriflavine-fast attenuated Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae strain Koganei 65-0.15 (serovar 2), were challenge exposed to 20 pathogenic strains of E rhusiopathiae of 18 serovars and type N. Vaccinated mice survived after challenge exposure to serovars 1b, 2, 8 (strain Goda), and type N, but mortality occurred in vaccinated mice challenge exposed to other strains: 20% to 30% mortality in mice challenge exposed to serovars 1a, 11, 12, 15, 16, or 21; 40% to 50% mortality in mice challenge exposed to serovars 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 (strain 911); and 60% to 80% mortality in mice challenge exposed to serovars 9, 10, 18, or 19. All vaccinated mice died after challenge exposure with strain 2553 (serovar 20). Non-vaccinated control mice died after challenge exposure to all strains. Of 2 vaccinated swine challenge exposed to strain 2553, 1 developed a local urticarial lesion at the site of intradermal exposure. Vaccinated swine challenge exposed to serovars 1a, 1b, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, or type N did not have clinical signs of acute erysipelas. Nonvaccinated control swine developed acute generalized erysipelas or localized urticarial lesions at the site of intradermal exposure.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1981

Susceptibility of vaccinated swine and mice to generalized infection with specific serotypes of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

Swine were vaccinated with adsorbate bacterin made from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of serotype 2 and were subsequently allotted to 4 exposure groups, each of which was exposed to 1 of the strains of E rhusiopathiae of serotypes 1, 2, 9, or 10. Mice were vaccinated with the same bacterin and were subsequently allotted to 60 exposure groups which were exposed to 60 strains of E rhusiopathiae, comprising 10 strains each of serotypes 1, 2, 4, 9, 10, and 11. Response to challenge of immunity in swine was determined by the presence of clinical signs of acute generalized erysipelas; response in mice was determined by the quantal (live-dead) method. Vaccinated swine were as susceptible to the strain of serotype 10 as were nonvaccinated control swine, whereas vaccinated swine were immune and control swine were susceptible to the strains of serotypes 1 and 2. The strain of serotype 9 was not sufficiently virulent to induce acute generalized erysipelas, even in control swine. Arthritis was not prevented by vaccination, but its frequency and severity were less in vaccinated swine exposed to strains of serotype 1 or 2 than in those exposed to strains of serotype 9 or 10. Vaccinated mice were significantly (P less than 0.05) more susceptible to the strains of serotype 10 than to those of any other serotype tested.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Anasarca caused by rheumatic carditis].

Report of a 55-year-old-male patient with most serious anasarca caused by insufficiency right heart. The reason of the heart failure was probably rheumatic carditis caused by streptococcal infections which followed recurrent erysipelas both legs with phleblymphedema. The necessity of consistent antibiotic treatment of the erysipelas, that's the only possibility to avoid more difficult secondary complications like this case of rheumatic carditis showed. The treatment of insufficiency heart was followed by physical decongestive therapy of the phleblymphedema of the legs. After a treatment period of 12 weeks a water loss of 112 kg and reduction of abdominal circumference from 250 cm to 150 cm could be achieved.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMed2005

North Atlantic weather oscillation and human infectious diseases in the Czech Republic, 1951-2003.

Longitudinal correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation large-scale weather system (NAO) and the annual incidence rate of 14 viral, bacterial and protozoan national notifiable human diseases in the Czech Republic was examined. In simple correlation, cases of salmonellosis, erysipelas, infectious mononucleosis and toxoplasmosis were positively correlated with the winter NAO index, while hepatitis A and shigellosis were negatively correlated, and the other diseases tested (rubella, mumps, chickenpox, tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme borreliosis, leptospirosis, tularemia and scarlet fever) were uncorrelated with NAO. However, 8 of the 14 diseases also revealed a significant time trend, either increasing (infectious mononucleosis, salmonellosis, erysipelas, toxoplasmosis) or decreasing (hepatitis A, scarlet fever, leptospirosis, shigellosis) during the period. When the effect of NAO on incidence of the diseases was then controlled for calendar year using partial correlation analysis and detrended regression, only toxoplasmosis and infectious mononucleosis were found significantly positively correlated with the NAO when the index was lagged 1 or 2 years, and leptospirosis was correlated negatively with a lag of 2 years. Large-scale weather changes as described by NAO therefore do not seem to be a crucial factor in the fluctuation of annual incidence rate of the majority of tested infectious diseases in the Czech Republic, while other factors, especially social and public health circumstances, are obviously more important.

Atlantic Ocean↗