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PubMed1982

Primary care practice patterns.

An interview survey of the primary care practices of a class of dental school graduates was conducted in 1977 as a part of a longitudinal study that was begun 11 years earlier, when these individuals entered dental school. Primary care was defined by the variety of dental treatment procedures used by the dentist and by his or her participation in interdisciplinary aspects of health care. The study showed that: (1) the urban or rural location of the practice was not associated with primary care; (2) the dentists' position in the practice (sole practitioner, group owner, and so forth) was associated with the variety of treatment procedures used; (3) predental school values, dental aptitudes, and dental school achievement were significant predictors of primary care practices; and (4) the two measures of primary care were uncorrelated, and there were several patterns of primary care being practiced.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sero-epidemiological study on hepatitis A and B virus infection among dentists in the Philippines.

Dentists in the Philippines were surveyed for evidence of past hepatitis A and B virus infections. Of the 234 dentists examined, 201 (85.9 per cent) were found to have been infected by HA virus and 137 (58.5 per cent) had been infected by HB virus. The proportion with evidence of past HB virus infection increased as the years in dental practice increased. This increment with age was not found in the general population of the Philippines. It is considered that the incremental pattern could be attributed to the summation of risk during many years of providing dental treatment. Comparing the proportion of dentists with HBV antibodies (anti-HBs/c) in the Philippines, Japan, USA and Denmark, the Philippine dentists were found to be more frequently infected than dentists in the other countries. However, the increment in the proportion positive for HBV as the years in practice advanced was consistent with that found in Japan. The prevalence of post HA virus infection in Philippine dentists was higher than the proportion for dentists in Japan but in both countries it is probable that dentists are infected at the same rate as the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of reports by dentists of their restorative treatment thresholds.

Questionnaires have been used to determine the point when dentists think a filling ought to be placed (restorative treatment threshold). This study assesses the method. 211 general dental practitioners were interviewed and asked to identify the point at which they would instigate restorative treatment in a 12-yr-old patient from a list of descriptions of lesions affecting buccal/lingual, occlusal and approximal surfaces. They were also asked to judge the likely depth and lateral spread of the lesion they chose and to identify a photograph resembling it (buccal/lingual and occlusal surfaces) or a line drawing and description of its expected surface appearance (approximal surfaces). The Pearson correlation coefficients between reported treatment threshold and the characteristics expected to be associated with them were poor. This suggests that there may be considerable variation in opinion between dentists about the underlying condition of carious lesions of similar surface appearance. There was no evidence that the treatment opinions of these dentists have changed markedly between 1987 and early 1991.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1993

An analysis of primary and contributing reasons for extraction of permanent teeth given by the dentist.

The aim of the present study was to collect information about primary, secondary, and tertiary reasons that dentists gave for extracting permanent teeth and to determine whether and how dentist-associated characteristics might influence the relative emphasis on clinical diagnosis versus non-disease considerations given as reasons. A national random sample of Norwegian dentists (n = 500) recorded reasons for tooth extraction during a period of 2 weeks in 1988 (response rate, 70%). Nine hundred and eight-five teeth were extracted from 692 patients. Disease-/condition-related diagnoses topped the list for primary and secondary reasons for extraction, whereas patients' wishes, economy, and esthetics came to the forefront among tertiary reasons. Logistic regression analysis showed that the choice between clinical diagnosis and non-disease considerations as primary and secondary reasons for extraction was significantly but moderately influenced by variables associated with the dentist.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1994

Practice profile: the first twelve years.

In a mailed questionnaire study of a 1/3 sample of recent graduates of the UOP School of Dentistry (57 percent response rate), most respondents felt competent in the majority of procedures they perform. Most procedures not performed were not performed because they are easily referred. Sources of learning about procedures differed according to frequency of performance (frequently performed: 95 percent-dental school; infrequently performed: 82 percent-continuing education). Differences also were noted according to years of practice.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of hospital emergency rooms for dental care.

Individuals who lack the ability to pay for dental care or who do not have an ongoing relationship with a private practice dentist may use hospital emergency rooms (ERs) for dental treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze patterns of ER use for the treatment of dental conditions by day of week and time of day, and contrast this with similar patterns of use of ERs for the treatment of medical conditions. Results of this study indicate that, while medical visits are evenly distributed during the week, dental visits are most numerous on Saturday and Sunday. In addition, while medical ER visits are highest during 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and lowest during 12 a.m. to 6 a.m., dental visits are highest during 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. and lowest during 6 a.m. to 9 a.m.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Educational factors associated with clinician knowledge about bacterial endocarditis.

This study measured the impact of relatively formal educational experiences (general practice residency and continuing education) and a variety of informal educational opportunities (professional membership activities, dental journals received, patterns of consulting and referral) on a particular body of knowledge (dentists' knowledge about the management of patients at risk for bacterial endocarditis). Data were collected through telephone interviews with 217 dental general practitioners in New York State. Linear regression analyses indicated that age made a significant contribution to the explanation of knowledge level in all models tested. Neither general practice residency experiences nor continuing education exposure in the past year made a significant contribution to the explanation of knowledge. The other more informal educational variables tested sometimes made a significant contribution when controlled for age; however, the explanatory power of these variables often varied according to respondents' locale (urban vs. rural).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A survey of the radiographic practices of general dentists for edentulous patients.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the radiographic practice of general dentists for edentulous patients. STUDY DESIGN: A questionnaire was sent to a sample of graduates from the two Ontario dental schools. RESULTS: The adjusted response rate for the survey was 80%. Fifty-three percent of the respondents used screening radiography for new patients. The overwhelming choice for these dentists was the panoramic film. There was a significant positive association between ownership of a panoramic unit and use of this radiograph. Dentists who do not own a panoramic unit rarely chose to refer their patients for this radiograph either routinely or selectively. When dentists, rather than the auxiliaries, made the greater proportion of the radiographs, they tended to use selective radiography. Most dentists chose selective radiography for the recall patient. CONCLUSIONS: Almost half the dentists did not follow the Food and Drug Administration/American Dental Association guideline of screening radiography for the new edentulous patient. Of those dentists who did follow the guideline the vast majority both owned panoramic units and chose to use a panoramic survey. Most dentists followed the guideline for selective radiography for the recall patient.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1991

[Fear of children at the dental office. A pain that isn't without remedy].

Fearful children in the dental office is an old problem which the majority of dentists have to face in their daily practice. With the help of a brief review of the literature, diverse strategies employed to adjust to the different behavior patterns of children in the dental office are detailed. Furthermore, to illustrate several of the techniques proposed, we have during the month of May 1990, systematically filmed different behavior patterns of children in the waiting room, as well as, in the dental operatory. The material thus obtained, permitted the production of videocassettes on the following themes: "How to approach the child in the dental office?"; "How to treat the young anxious child or a child with a difficult behavior pattern?"; "The first visit to the dentist"; "How to present dental injections?"; "The presence of parents in the dental operatory"; and, "Preventive dentistry". These cassettes are meant for dentists, hygienists, dental assistants, as well as, dental students. Moreover, in the hands of parents, this material answers their numerous questions. Each individual will find something in these presentations, or at least some areas for future exploration.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed2002

Information-seeking patterns of dentists in Istanbul, Turkey.

The authors surveyed dentists in Istanbul, Turkey to determine the modes they were using to access current professional information. A questionnaire was sent to 379 privately practicing dentists. The response rate was 35 percent. Privately practicing dentists frequently preferred to use traditional methods, such as discussions with colleagues, textbooks, and the brochures of products, to obtain information. Textbooks were found to be the most helpful information retrieval method. The lack of time after work and the difficulties in traffic in Istanbul were cited as the leading barriers to accessing information. We conclude that Turkish dentists in private practice need to improve their computer literacy skills in order to benefit from the generous opportunities that technology offers them and also to overcome the problem of professional isolation in their lives.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Quantifying the measurement of differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis is central to the work and training of all health care professionals. To develop solid differential diagnosis and skills, students required practice diagnosing numerous and varied patients. In the absence of real patients, patient simulations are commonly used to provide this range of diagnostic experiences. This study examined the benefits of interactive patient simulations on the diagnostic approaches of beginning dental students (novices) and practicing dentists (experts). The study tested the hypothesis that novices tend to use trial-and-error, while experts tend to use pattern recognition during differential diagnosis. a second goal of the study explored objective and subjective measures of a differential diagnosis approach. Seventy-five subjects comprised two treatment groups: a novice group and an expert group. Each group completed ten patient simulations and a case study test measured the diagnostic approach. A three factor MANOVA (p>0.05) was followed by univariate ANOVA's. The result indicated differences between the diagnostic approaches of experts and novices and that the subjective Ratings and the objective Maximum Decisions and Average Variation variables were the best measures of a differential diagnostic approach.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Patterns of dentist location: Lansing, Michigan 1950-1991.

Most literature on the location and distribution of medical professionals, particularly in the U.S., has concentrated on the locational patterns of physicians, even though dentists are also important providers of health care. During the last 40 years, dentists in Lansing, Michigan have moved their offices away from traditional downtown locations to other areas of the city, primarily along commercialized arteries leading out of the city core. The changes in dentist location have mainly been the result of older dentists retiring from the downtown area and new, presumably younger dentists locating in other sections. Dentists, like physicians, tend to cluster together, particularly in buildings occupied by other medical and dental professionals. Lansing dentists do not appear to locate their offices on the basis of population characteristics. It is suggested that future research consider the effects of city size on the distributional patterns of all health care professionals.

Dentists↗
PubMed1996

Differences between Asian-American and white American dentists in attitudes toward treatment of HIV-positive patients.

In a survey of Asian (n = 115) versus white (Caucasian) (n = 920) dentists practicing in two boroughs of New York City, Asian dentists expressed significantly more negative attitudes toward and more unwillingness to treat HIV-positive patients than did white dentists. Despite this consistent pattern across most survey items, the two groups were more similar regarding perceptions of professional obligation and their colleague's willingness to treat those with HIV. In an examination of the influence of acculturation processes on these attitudes, a comparison of attitude differences among the subgroup of Asian dentists receiving their dental education in the United States versus abroad showed some differences, with Asian dentists educated outside the United States expressing somewhat more negative attitudes. As Asian Americans become increasingly represented among practicing dentists in the United States, their relative unwillingness to treat HIV-positive patients may have an impact on access to oral health care among HIV-positive persons living in the United States.

Adult↗