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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Intrusion and apical resorption of mandibular incisors in Begg treatment: anchorage bend or curve?

A statistical evaluation of the apical root resorption in mandibular incisors following Begg treatment in one group with anchorage bends and another group with anchorage curves showed no statistical difference. Although the overbite reduction in both groups were similar, the anchorage curve group was statistically more efficient in incisor intrusion when compared to the anchorage bend group (p < 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A clinical and radiographic study of 25 autotransplanted third molars.

This paper is a report on 25 autotransplantations of third molars with complete root formations. The study consists of 23 patients in whom 25 third molars were transplanted. The mean age was 29.6 years (range 20-54). In nine cases third molars were directly transplanted into the new socket. In 11 cases the sockets were widened and made deeper with a bur. In five cases the recipient beds were made by splitting osteotomy of the alveolar region. The transplanted third molars were stabilized with silk sutures, resin, wire splint or circumferential wiring for 1-6 weeks. Two-three weeks after transplantation, the root canals were treated and filled. After operation, the marginal and the periapical conditions were examined clinically and radiographically. The transplanted teeth clinically appeared to become firmer with the passage of time. Progressive root resorption was not found and good results were obtained. This study shows that autotransplantation of third molars with complete root formation produces an acceptable result using the procedures outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of labial fenestration of maxillary central incisor.

A case of external inflammatory root resorption and labial fenestration in a maxillary central incisor is presented. The root canal was dressed with pure calcium hydroxide mixed with normal saline for 1 month before it was obturated with gutta percha and apicoectomy surgery undertaken to attempt primary closure of the fenestration. The PDL and the fenestration healed uneventfully.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2005

Effects of essential fatty acid deficiency on periodontal tissue adaptation to spontaneous tooth migration.

Essential fatty acids (EFAs) play a significant role in bone metabolism. Herein we studied the adaptation of alveolar bone to physiologic tooth drift in young rats deprived of essential fatty acids from birth. Reductions in femur size and trabecular bone volume reflected body growth impairment. Along the alveolar wall, osteoclastic resorption and bone formation were depressed, disrupting the adaptive deformation of the tooth socket to ongoing migration. As a result, the periodontal ligament narrowed considerably, and further adaptation was achieved through root resorption. Essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD), did not affect precursor recruitment or differentiation in the periodontal ligament (PDL), but caused redistribution of nonspecific-esterase (NSE)-positive osteoclast precursors and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive pre-osteoclasts between the bone compartment (which was depleted) and the root compartment (which was enriched). EFAD had also a marked effect on the PDL vasculature; the number of vessels was reduced, whereas their size was markedly increased. As a whole, our results show that EFAD disturbs alveolar bone adaptation to drift, but that a reaction (detrimental to root integrity) prevents root collision with the bone surface, thereby preserving the PDL as a source of precursor cells for bone and cementum homeostasis. Moreover, our results confirm that although alveolar bone resorption is arachidonic acid-dependent, the factors activating root resorption are different.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Root surface defects in rat molar induced by 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate.

Cementum surface alterations induced by 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) in the maxillary first molars in rats were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. Single or triple injections of HEBP inhibit the formation of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum and delay the formation of cellular mixed-fiber cementum. The results indicate the importance of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum as a protection barrier against root resorption and the different mechanisms underlying the formation of the two cementum varieties.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effects of root morphology on stress distribution at the root apex.

It is thought that the stress concentration at the root apex caused by orthodontic force induces root resorption. The purpose of this study was to investigate stress distribution at the root in cases of deviated root shapes using finite element models (FEMs). To clarify this, five three-dimensional FEMs divided by deviated root shape (normal, short, blunt, bent root apex, pipette shape) were constructed and, experimental orthodontic forces, applied in a vertical (intrusive) and horizontal (lingual) direction to the tooth axis. In the short-root model, significant stress was concentrated at the middle of the root. The blunt-shaped root model showed no significant stress concentration at the root. In the models with a bent or pipette-shaped root, significant stress was concentrated at the root apex. During orthodontic force application, stress concentration was observed in the root of the models with short, bent, and pipette-shaped roots, indicating that attention must be paid to root shape during orthodontic treatment.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1995

The treatment of traumatized permanent anterior teeth: case report & literature review. Part I--Management of intruded incisors.

A case is reported in which an intruded incisor was initially treated by an endodontic dressing with calcium hydroxide and then extruded using a removable orthodontic appliance. A follow-up examination seven years after completion of endodontic therapy and bleaching showed a favourable response. A review of the relevant literature indicates that intrusion occurs in five to twelve per cent of luxation cases. In this type of injury maximum damage occurs to the pulp and all supporting structures because the tooth is driven into the alveolar process. Complications which have been reported include: pulp necrosis, apical radiolucencies, partial or total pulp calcification, root resorption (surface, inflammatory or replacement), marginal periodontal bone breakdown, and arrested or disturbed root development. The prognosis for pulp survival after intrusion is much more favourable for teeth with incomplete root formation than for teeth with complete root formation. Treatment options available to bring an intruded tooth into alignment are: to await spontaneous re-eruption which may occur if root formation is incomplete, uncovering of the intruded crown, orthodontic extrusion which is allied with gentle luxation if the tooth does not move, and immediate surgical repositioning.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The radiological evaluation of autotransplants].

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the radiological results of 40 autotransplantations (20 molars and 20 premolars) performed in the Orthodontic Department of the University of Geneva between 1979 and 1990. The sample demonstrated persistence of pulp vitality and continuous root growth, followed however in most cases by ankylosis and replacement root resorption. The data were in accordance with previous published studies and point out an ideal developmental stage for molar and premolar transplantation to ensure pulpal and periodontal survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Long-term clinical and radiologic evaluation of autotransplanted teeth.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the radiologic results of 40 autotransplantations (20 molars and 20 premolars) performed in the orthodontic department of the University of Geneva between 1979 and 1990. The sample demonstrated persistence of pulp vitality and continuous root development, followed, however, in most cases by replacement root resorption. The data were in accordance with previously published studies and point to an ideal developmental stage for molar and premolar transplantation to ensure pulpal and periodontal survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

How repair cementum becomes attached to the resorbed roots of human permanent teeth.

Human premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were fixed with a mixture of formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. About 15% of all available teeth showed signs of superficial root resorption. Quantitatively, the resorption lacunae were more frequent at the apical third of the root, when compared to the mid-root and the cervical levels. Qualitatively, the resorption areas appeared as shallow irregular concavities. The degree of resorption and/or repair varied considerably both within and between sites, ranging from arrested resorption to advanced repair. An about 1- to 2-microns-thick seam of exposed collagen fibrils of the residual dentinal matrix lined the resorbed root surfaces in the arrested stage of resorption. A particular class of mononuclear cells repopulated these surfaces and commenced to attach newly produced collagenous matrix fibrils to the exposed dentinal matrix. Increasing fibril formation and bundling resulted in a collagenous fiber fringe oriented perpendicular to the bottom of Howship's lacunae. Following the implantation and establishment of this initial fiber fringe, the junctional zone between the two matrices and further portions of the repair matrix became progressively obscured by a fine granular and electron-dense material, indicating the advancing front of mineralization. In addition, the junctional zone later attained a high degree of electron density and basophilia. Subsequently formed matrix derived from cementoblasts was structurally heterogeneous and resembled cellular intrinsic fiber cementum (CIFC). It is suggested that the initially produced matrix along resorbed root surfaces closely resembles that seen during initial formation of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum (AEFC), whereas further apposition results in a tissue with the characteristics of CIFC.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The complete endodontic obturation of an avulsed immature permanent incisor with mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report.

The use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for complete endodontic obturation of an immature maxillary central incisor is reported. The injured tooth of a 9-year-old male was avulsed secondary to a sports-related traumatic event. Early attempts at pulpal revascularization of the replanted tooth proved unsuccessful, as evidenced by radiographic signs of external inflammatory root resorption in the middle to cervical thirds of the root. Calcium hydroxide apexification over a 1-year period promoted cessation of the resorptive process, but was unable to adequately form an apical root canal barrier. Due to the extent of external resorption and the lack of an apical stop, a novel endodontic treatment using mineral trioxide aggregate was utilized. At 865 days post-injury, the tooth remained asymptomatic with clinical and radiographic evidence of periodontal health.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2006

The effect of sodium hypochlorite application on the success of calcium hydroxide pulpotomy in primary teeth.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) used as a hemostatic agent on the outcome of calcium hydroxide pulpotomies of primary teeth. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 18 primary molars with advanced caries and root resorption of approximately half the root length were randomly placed into 2 groups. Conventional calcium hydroxide pulpotomies were performed on teeth in both groups; however, a cotton pellet saturated with 3% sodium hypochlorite was applied to teeth in the treatment group for 30 seconds before the pulpotomy to control hemorrhage. After the extraction of the teeth, they were examined histologically. RESULTS: In the histologic evaluation it was found that none of the specimens in the control group showed necrosis and 1 specimen in the treatment group showed partial necrosis. CONCLUSION: It was found that the use of 3% NaOCl as a hemostatic agent had no effect on the outcome of calcium hydroxide pulpotomies with the given concentration and timing of the NaOCl treatment and the given observation period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A histological investigation of isografts of mature mouse molars to an intrabony and an extrabony site.

An experimental model designed for the investigation of tooth transplantation immunobiology is presented together with the results of a long-term histological study of mature mouse tooth isografts transplanted to an intrabony site (tibial shaft medulla) and to an extrabony site (renal subcapsular site). Mature mouse mandibular third molars were isografted to the tibial shaft medulla and renal subcapsular kidney site in inbred C57BL/6 strain mice and observed histologically over a 6-month period. Isografts at both sites were observed to undergo initial pulpal degeneration with subsequent progressive regeneration as determined by post-transplantation dentine formation. Tibial shaft isografts were surrounded by bone and underwent progressive reabsorption beginning at the coronal dentine, exposed by occlusal wear prior to transplantation, while grafts to the subcapsular kidney site did not become surrounded by bone nor exhibit coronal resorption. Varying degrees of external root resorption and ankylosis of teeth transplanted to the intrabony site were observed, and signs of periodontal ligament reorganization were not seen in isografts at either site.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Forced eruption: a multidisciplinary approach for form, function, and biologic predictability.

There are several treatment options for patients with coronal fractures, subgingival caries perforations, and root resorption. Frequently, forced eruption is not considered, although in many cases of single-rooted teeth, forced eruption is the "gold standard" for producing an esthetic result without jeopardizing periodontal support for adjacent teeth. Sufficient tooth length, achieved through forced eruption, ensures the periodontal health of the "biologic width" and crown margin and thus a successful restorative outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Unusual external resorption of a maxillary lateral.

This article defines an unusual previously unreported entity afflicting a maxillary lateral incisor. Labial idiopathic external root resorption just apical to the cemento-enamel presented as a gingival (periodontal) problem and was misinterpreted as cervical dental caries. This report defines a new possibility for a radicular defect in a maxillary lateral incisor that may cause periodontal problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Histologic response of replanted teeth pretreated with acidulated sodium fluoride.

Central incisors in the vervet monkey were extracted, endodontically treated, and replanted into their original sockets after immersion in a 2 per cent acidulated sodium fluoride solution (pH 5.5) for 30 minutes. Histologic examination at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively showed that by the second week resorption had taken place and that ankylosis, first seen by the fourth week, along both the buccal and palatal root surfaces, was well established by the eighth week. Under the conditions of the study, pretreatment of the tooth roots with 2 per cent acidulated sodium fluoride did not reduce root resorption and ankylosis.

Acids↗
PubMed1990

Microscopic characterization of root surface-associated microbial plaque in localized juvenile periodontitis.

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize by scanning electron microscopy, the microbial morphotypes associated with the roots of teeth from patients exhibiting localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP). Eighteen teeth were examined from 10 adolescent patients who satisfied the standard clinical diagnostic criteria for LJP. The microscopic evaluation was facilitated by dividing that portion of the root exposed to the periodontal pocket into coronal, middle, and apical one-thirds. Controls consisted of an equal number of teeth matched as to pocket depth and anatomical type obtained from patients exhibiting adult periodontitis (AP). All specimens were coded and examiners were unaware of their origins. Results of the SEM evaluation revealed little difference in microbial morphotypes comprising the root associated plaque in the coronal one-third of LJP specimens when compared to the AP controls. The dominant microbial morphotypes were cocci, short and long rods, filamentous microorganisms, and spirochetes. However, microbial plaque located in the middle and apical one-third root zones of LJP specimens was distinctly different than that of AP specimens. In the deeper pocket zones the dominant microbial morphotypes in LJP specimens were limited to cocci, short rods, coccobacilli, and various sized spirochetes. In contrast, AP specimens exhibited a collection of microbial morphotypes consisting of cocci, short rods, long rods, filamentous organisms and spirochetes. Calculus was found on the root surfaces of all specimens regardless of disease category although, as a group, the LJP specimens featured lesser amounts. Although areas of root resorption were common in both LJP and AP groups, they were more frequently observed in LJP specimens, likely associated with the generally less confluent deposits of calculus and plaque.

Adolescent↗