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Results for “ULTRAVIOLET THERAPY”

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At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The influence of UV irradiation on vitamin D metabolism in children with chronic renal diseases.

The aim of this study was to find out whether an improvement of vitamin D metabolism and its metabolites and a decrease of parathormones can be reached through a diet and UV irradiation. Forty-eight children with kidney insufficiency were divided into four groups: Group 1--diet according to Bergström with EAA and cetoanalogue supplementation plus UV therapy; Group 2--diet plus EAA and cetoanalogue supplementation without UV therapy; Group 3--without diet and supplementation of EAA and ceto but with UV therapy; Group 4--without any diet and without UV therapy. The average levels of kidney insufficiency in all children at the stage of a manifest kidney insufficiency were not significantly different. As a result it became obvious that children exposed to UV irradiation with or without a diet had better post-treatment values and that children with kidney insufficiency reacted to UV therapy plus diet best of all. One can obtain the same results also by oral vitamin D therapy, although we have to point out the danger of calcinosis and stone formation which the author could frequently demonstrate, but never after UV treatment.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed2001

Different pattern of collagen cross-links in two sclerotic skin diseases: lipodermatosclerosis and circumscribed scleroderma.

Changes in the process of cross-linking of collagen molecules are associated with defects in the biomechanical stability of the extracellular matrix. Fibrosis of skin is characterized by an increase in pyridinolines, which are hydroxylysine aldehyde derived cross-links usually absent in healthy skin. In this study, we analyzed cross-links in lipodermatosclerosis and localized scleroderma to address the question whether all the mature cross-links currently characterized are increased in fibrosis in addition to the increase in pyridinolines. As psoralen plus ultraviolet A treatment leads to clinical improvement of fibrotic plaques in localized scleroderma we analyzed the cross-link content in lesional skin after bath psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy. In skin from patients with localized scleroderma an increase in the total number of mature cross-links was found to be due to an increase in both pyridinolines and dehydro-histidinohydroxymerodesmosine. The concentration of histidinohydroxylysinonorleucine was unchanged. By contrast, the total number of mature cross-links was decreased in lipodermatosclerosis. This decrease was caused by a decrease of lysine aldehyde derived cross-links (dehydro-histidinohydroxymerodesmosine and histidinohydroxylysinonorleucine), whereas the concentration of pyridinolines increased. A decrease in the content of pyridinolines after bath psoralen plus ultraviolet A treatment was found in six out of nine patients with localized scleroderma, which might reflect a remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Our data provide evidence that sclerosis of skin is associated with either an increase in the number of cross-links per molecule of collagen or a change in the molecular nature of the cross-links formed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2007

Mechanisms of cell death in oxidative stress.

Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generated endogenously or in response to environmental stress have long been implicated in tissue injury in the context of a variety of disease states. ROS/RNS can cause cell death by nonphysiological (necrotic) or regulated pathways (apoptotic). The mechanisms by which ROS/RNS cause or regulate apoptosis typically include receptor activation, caspase activation, Bcl-2 family proteins, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Various protein kinase activities, including mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinases-B/C, inhibitor-of-I-kappaB kinases, and their corresponding phosphatases modulate the apoptotic program depending on cellular context. Recently, lipid-derived mediators have emerged as potential intermediates in the apoptosis pathway triggered by oxidants. Cell death mechanisms have been studied across a broad spectrum of models of oxidative stress, including H2O2, nitric oxide and derivatives, endotoxin-induced inflammation, photodynamic therapy, ultraviolet-A and ionizing radiations, and cigarette smoke. Additionally ROS generated in the lung and other organs as the result of high oxygen therapy or ischemia/reperfusion can stimulate cell death pathways associated with tissue damage. Cells have evolved numerous survival pathways to counter proapoptotic stimuli, which include activation of stress-related protein responses. Among these, the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide system has emerged as a major intracellular antiapoptotic mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Therapy of psoriasis].

The possible methods of treating psoriasis and results obtained are reviewed and the superior effectiveness of an approach reported in recent literature, an association of methoxalene per os and broad ultraviolet rays, is pointed out. In almost all cases submitted to such "photochemotherapeutic" treatment, regression of diffused lesions was rapid and complete with no systemic toxic effects or secondary skin alterations. On the basis of recent personal experience, it is stated that similar results may be obtained by the photochemotherapy of psoriasis with appropriate doses of Trisoralen per os and sunlight.

Coumarins↗
PubMed1996

Apoptosis induction of ultraviolet light A and photochemotherapy in cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma: relevance to mechanism of therapeutic action.

The anti-tumor action of many chemotherapeutic agents has recently been attributed to the induction of apoptosis in the malignant cell population. In this study, we investigated the ability of extracorporeal photopheresis (ExP) and in vitro PUVA (8-methoxy-psoralen + ultraviolet A) therapy to induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Sezary syndrome patients and normal controls. Flow cytometric analysis of ExP- or PUVA-treated peripheral blood lymphocytes demonstrated two distinct cell populations within 24 h of treatment. One population was similar to untreated controls with the other exhibiting characteristics of apoptotic cell death, i.e., a loss of cell volume and an accompanying increase in cell density. This latter population was comprised of cells with DNA strand breaks as determined by the Tdt-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay. Apoptosis was also confirmed morphologically by fluorescent and electron microscopy as well as by demonstration of characteristic DNA strand breaks (laddering) using gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis was not observed with 8-methoxypsoralen (< or = 300 ng per ml) alone; however, ultraviolet A alone at doses > or = 2 J per cm2 induced apoptosis in lymphocytes. Peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations of Sezary syndrome patients, including the malignant clone, were equally susceptible to apoptosis subsequent to either photopheresis or PUVA treatment. In contrast, monocytes (CD14+/CD45+) appear to be resistant to apoptosis induction by ExP or PUVA treatment. Moreover, ExP-treated and untreated monocytes phagocytized apoptotic, but not untreated, peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ExP and PUVA have been shown to be efficacious and well-tolerated therapies in the treatment of dermatologic diseases and transplant rejection. These data suggest that induction of apoptosis may be an important event for therapeutic efficacy.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1991

Acitretin plus UVB therapy for psoriasis. Comparisons with placebo plus UVB and acitretin alone.

UVB radiation is beneficial for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Patients with recalcitrant disease, however, are slow to respond to UVB phototherapy with and without the use of coal tars or emollients. Etretinate and, more recently, acitretin have proved useful, but clinical improvement is slow when they are used as monotherapy in plaque psoriasis. Each drug also produces side effects, some of which are dose related. This study was designed to compare results of treatment with UVB combined with either acitretin (50 mg/day) or placebo to determine if psoriasis would respond faster and to less cumulative exposure to UVB and acitretin. The psoriatic disease cleared to a greater degree in patients treated with acitretin-UVB with fewer treatments and smaller amounts of UVB radiation than in patients treated with either placebo-UVB or acitretin alone.

Acitretin↗
PubMed2006

Long-term continuous efalizumab therapy in patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis: updated results from an ongoing trial.

BACKGROUND: Efalizumab is a T cell-targeted therapy for psoriasis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term, continuous efalizumab therapy. METHODS: Of 339 patients enrolled in this ongoing, open-label, phase III study, after 3 months 290 qualified for and entered the maintenance treatment phase. RESULTS: Results for the first 27 months of this 36-month continuous therapy trial are available. At month 3, 41% of patients achieved at least a 75% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score; at month 27, 47% achieved at least a 75% reduction in PASI score (intent to treat, n = 339). Among patients eligible for maintenance therapy (n = 290), 56% achieved at least a 75% reduction in PASI score at month 27. Moreover, the at least 90% reduction in PASI score rate increased through 18 months (33%). The safety profile with efalizumab was sustained throughout 27 months of continuous treatment with no new common events over time. LIMITATIONS: Because the extended treatment period was not a randomized clinical trial, no formal comparative analyses versus placebo were conducted. Three-month placebo data from randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled studies are briefly discussed. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that efalizumab maintains, and in some patients continues to improve, efficacy during long-term therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2006

What's new in hypochromy.

Hypochromy is a common dermatological disorder. However, its treatment still gives unsatisfactory results. Interesting clues into the understanding of the pathophysiology of hypochromy have been recently brought about thanks to the pigmentary side effects reported with the new tyrosine kinase inhibition treatments. New therapeutic approaches to hypochromy are further discussed.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2002

Preferential expression of T(h)2-type chemokine and its receptor in atopic dermatitis.

Lesional skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is histologically characterized by hypertrophy of the skin, and the infiltration of a large number of eosinophils and T cells into the dermis. Recent studies have indicated that Th2 cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD skin. Chemokines and their receptors are implicated in the development of symptoms of various skin diseases such as AD and psoriasis vulgaris (psoriasis). We have examined the in situ expression of a typical Th2-type chemokine, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and its receptor (CCR4) using immunohistochemical techniques. TARC was found to be highly expressed in the basal epidermis of the lesional skin of AD patients and only slightly in the non-lesional skin. On the other hand, no positive cells were seen in the lesional skin of psoriasis. Consistently, CCR4+ cells were present predominantly in the lesional skin of AD patients, but not in the non-lesional skin. In contrast, in the lesional skin of psoriasis patients, cells positive for CCR5, which is expressed on Th1 cells, were abundantly present. Interestingly, psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy reduced the number of CCR4+ cells in the AD skin lesions. These results suggest that Th2-type cytokines such as TARC are involved in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in AD patients through the preferential recruitment of Th2 cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructure of the capillary loops in the dermal papillae of psoriasis.

Electron microscopy was used to define the ultrastructure of the capillary loops in the dermal papillae of psoriatic lesions. Pustular psoriasis of von Zumbusch and psoriasis vulgaris were studied before and after treatment with the Goeckerman regimen. Capillary loops were reconstructed from 1-mum plastic-embedded sections. Ultrathin sections were taken at intervals for correlation with the 1-mum sections. There were no ultrastructural differences between the capillary loops in psoriasis vulgaris and pustular psoriasis. The intrapapillary portion of the loop was predominantly a venous capillary. Four basic ultrastructural loop patterns were recognized which can serve as markers in studying the responses of psoriatic loops in various experimental situations. Following 3 weeks of Goeckerman therapy, the morphology of psoriatic capillary loops changed from venous capillaries to arterial capillaries which are found in the papillae of normal skin. This transformation was observed to begin 48 to 72 hr after the initiation of therapy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

The use of the Psorilux 3050A machine in the management of psoriasis of the hands and feet.

Eleven patients with severe psoriasis involving the palms and soles have been treated using a high-energy source of UV-A and UV-B with no additional topical or systemic photosensitizing drug. The results showed marginal benefit of UV-A alone over conventioonal topical tar therapy. The high energy output of the machine makes it essential that personnel supervising therapy are adequately protected.

Foot Dermatoses↗