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PubMed1991

Amebiasis: clinical and laboratory perspectives.

Entamoeba histolytica, the premier intestinal protozoan, has traversed time in its relentless quest for survival in its dichotomous role of parasite and pathogen. Enigmatic in its transition from human intestinal commensal to invader of human tissue, diverse in its pathogenicity for the human host, and intricate in its bacterial interrelationship in the bowel, E. histolytica has become the focal point of intensive investigation in its basic biology underscoring human pathogenicity. This review will focus on facets of cell biology, pathophysiology, clinical, therapeutic, and epidemiologic, correlates, along with diagnostic modalities and future research trends.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Autochthonous and imported amebiasis: description of 2 clinical cases].

Two cases of intestinal amoebiasis, one of which autochthonous and the other acquired in Africa, are described. The first of the patients, who never moved to the Tropics nor to Southern Italy, had profuse bloody diarrhea leading to hypovolemic shock; the second case was characterized by massive hemorrhage. Both responded well to appropriate treatment. Infection with E. histolytica should be borne in mind in patients with abdominal symptoms not only if they have travelled in the Tropics, but also in temperate regions, including Northern Italy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Intestinal parasitosis: physiopathologic aspects].

The variety of pathological changes that occur during parasitic infections is diverse. Recently there has been done considerable progress in understanding the physiopathologic aspects of the direct parasitic action of the products that they release, that affect the digestive function. The pathogenetic effects of intestinal parasites are important, not only for the adult forms that occupy the lumen or the intestinal mucosa, but for the migratory forms. The most important clinical manifestations are in direct relation with the host response to the aggression or trauma caused by the migratory larvae and/or adults parasites, the signs and symptoms depends on the infestation phase and on the severity or in the agent "virulence". The objective of this article is to present a brief revision on the physiopathologic effects of infestations by intestinal parasites.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2004

Medical problems in the returning expatriate.

Expatriates are at risk for a number of infectious diseases for which short-term travelers generally are not at risk. Returning expatriates should undergo a detailed physical examination and a basic set of laboratory tests; these tests should be tailored to their specific history and exposures. Febrile patients with an appropriate exposure history must be evaluated for malaria; other potential diagnoses may be determined by incubation period, geographic exposure, and associated symptoms. When evaluating an ill returned expatriate with fever, it is important to exclude malaria, typhoid, leishmaniasis, brucellosis, tuberculosis, HIV infection, and syphilis. Gastrointestinal irregularities in expatriates may be caused by a number of infectious and noninfectious causes, including intestinal helminthiasis, strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, liver flukes, and amebiasis. Eosinophilia in returned expatriates often is associated with an infectious process and should be evaluated. Many infections associated with long-term overseas deployment may include dermatologic manifestations, including filariasis and leishmaniasis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Differences in circannual characteristics of the incidences of amebiasis and giardiasis.

Entamoeba histolytica is the most common pathogenic intestinal parasite in México. Prevalence rates of AM vary widely from place to place, being higher in areas with poor sanitation, households and institutions, and among male homosexuals. Early recognition and treatment may be necessary to prevent its spread in the community. Intervention by preventive health education is indicated. The timing of such educational endeavours may be adjusted to any rhythmic and to that extent predictable changes in the incidence of AM and of any other possibly related gastrointestinal parasitic disease, such as GD. Accordingly, monthly totals of cases of AM and GD detected in Monterrey, (México) between November, 1985, and October, 1987, were fitted by linear least-squares with a 1-year cosine curve. The no-circannual rhythm assumption in the incidence of AM and GD was rejected in both cases (P = .006 and .049, respectively). A comparison of circannual parameters shows differences in M, A and phi between the incidences of AM and GD, the Ps for those comparisons being less than .001, .014 and .041, respectively. A high incidence of GD (above the yearly mean) consistently observed in April could be, however, related to the circannual pattern of AM, showing higher incidences in the spring. The timing of any preventive intervention should take into consideration the circannual variability in the incidence of AM and the differences or correlations with the circannual patterns of other gastrointestinal parasitic diseases.

Entamoebiasis↗