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Results for “ASCORBIC ACID DEFICIENCY”

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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Vitamin C prevents oxidative damage.

Ascorbate-deficiency leads to extensive oxidative damage of proteins and protein loss in the guinea pig tissue microsomes as evidenced by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, accumulation of carbonyl, bityrosine as well as by tryptophan loss. Oxidative damage is reversed by ascorbate therapy. Oxidative damage in ascorbate deficiency also leads to lipid peroxidation in guinea pig tissue microsomes as evidenced by accumulation of conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde and fluorescent pigment. Lipid peroxides, disappear after ascorbate therapy but not by vitamin E. The observations substantiate the previous in vitro findings that ascorbate specifically prevents oxidative degradation of microsomal membranes. The results indicate that vitamin C may exert a powerful protection against degenerative diseases associated with oxidative damage and play a critical role in wellness and health maintenance.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

Vitamin B1, B2, B6, and C status in hospital inpatients.

The status of vitamin B1, B2, B6 and C was investigated in 656 hospital inpatients by means of a dietary interview, biochemical studies, and clinical investigation. The daily intake was lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin B1 in 57%, B2 in 47%, B6 in 53%, and C in 9% of the patients; it was less than half the Recommended Dietary Allowance in 19, 12, 15, and 3%, respectively. A biochemical deficiency was observed in 25% of the patients for vitamin B1, in 11% for B2, in 25% for B6, and in 14% for C. On the basis of the parameters selected for this study, the biochemical vitamin status, the dietary vitamin intake, and the clinical symptoms correlated significantly with each other except in the case of vitamin B6.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

B vitamins, vitamin C and hematological measurements in overweight and obese Thais in Bangkok.

The dynamic changes of socio-economics leading to the industrialisation of countries are known to affect lifestyle and nutritional behaviours of the population. Review of the literature on the prevalence of obesity showed increasing numbers of the overweight and obese during the past decade. However, information on health and nutritional status of the obese in Thailand has not been widely publicized. This study reveals the vitamin status and hematological picture in 270 overweight and obese Thais in Bangkok, Thailand, compared with 175 normal subjects. No statistically significant differences in haemoglobin and hematocrit were observed in the overweight compared with the control subjects. The prevalence of anaemia was 9.8 per cent among male and 17.2 per cent among female overweight and obese subjects compared with 2.6 per cent and 21.2 per cent in male and female normal controls using the cut-off point of haemoglobin concentration as an indicator of anaemia. Prevalence of hypertension was exhibited in both male and female overweight and obese subjects. Even if there were no statistically significant differences in vitamin B1, B2 and B6 in overweight and obese subjects compared with the controls, high percentages of vitamin C and vitamin B2 deficiencies were observed. Vitamin B2 deficiency was detected in 19.7 per cent of overweight and obese males as well as in 28.7 per cent of overweight and obese females using glutathione reductase activity coefficient (alpha EGR) < 1.5 as the cut-off point. However, clinical signs of vitamin B2 deficiencies were rare. There was also a high percentage of vitamin C (antioxidant vitamin) deficiency in 51.5 per cent of the overweight and obese subjects and 41.7 per cent of the controls, respectively. The results suggest more attention should be paid to health study and nutritional problems for the overweight and obese population, especially concerning vitamins and oxidative stress. Further research is still needed in these aspects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[The use of alimentary antioxidants in diet therapy of geriatric patients during the period of the surgical treatment].

Analysis of actual feeding of 277 geriatric patients suffering from urology disease. The patients had a combined deficient of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin of the B group, beta-capotene and mineral substances. Diets 1a, 1, 5, 7, 9, 15 could not provide daily needs for antioxidant nutrients. Antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of the dietary supplement containing natural antioxidants in 122 oncourology patients after operation was indicated. So there was reason to fortify diets of patients with antioxidant dietary supplement during the period of surgical treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ascorbic acid and carnitine biosynthesis.

It has been suggested that early features of scurvy (fatigue and weakness) may be attributed to carnitine deficiency. Ascorbate is a cofactor for two alpha-ketoglutarate-requiring dioxygenase reactions (epsilon-N-trimethyllysine hydroxylase and gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase) in the pathway of carnitine biosynthesis. Carnitine concentrations are variably low in some tissues of scorbutic guinea pigs. Ascorbic acid deficiency in guinea pigs resulted in decreased activity of hepatic gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase and renal but not hepatic epsilon-N-trimethyllsine hydroxylase when exogenous substrates were provided. It remains unclear whether vitamin C deficiency has a significant impact on the overall rate of carnitine synthesis from endogenous substrates. Nevertheless, results of studies of enzyme preparations and perfused liver in vitro and of scorbutic guinea pigs in vivo provide compelling evidence for participation of ascorbic acid in carnitine biosynthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

NFkappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides ameliorates osteoporosis through inhibition of activation and differentiation of osteoclasts.

The transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkappaB), is believed to play a pivotal role in osteoclast formation. In this study, we focused on NFkappaB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) as a new therapeutic strategy to attenuate osteoporosis. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinuclear osteoclasts formed in mononuclear cells including osteoclast precursors from neonatal rabbit bone marrow were increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, whereas transfection of NFkappaB decoy ODN decreased the number of TRAP-positive cells and attenuated RANKL and M-CSF-induced osteoclast formation. NFkappaB decoy ODN also inhibited the activity of osteoclasts, as assessed by pit formation. In rat ovariectomized model of estrogen deficiency, continuous administration of NFkappaB decoy ODN attenuated the increase of TRAP activity, accompanied by a significant increase in calcium concentration in tibia and femur and decrease in urinary deoxypyridinoline. In additional osteoporosis model using vitamin C-deficient rat, inhibition of NFkappaB by decoy ODN dramatically improved the bone length, weight, density as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Overall, inhibition of NFkappaB by decoy strategy prevented osteoporosis through the inhibition of bone resorption. Targeting of NFkappaB might be potential therapy in various bone metabolic diseases.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

Interaction of vitamins with mental performance.

In the presence of a chronically insufficient vitamin supply which was verified by repeated measurements of the vitamin parameters, many unfavorable psychometric findings in the corresponding deficiency groups are observed for the vitamins C, thiamin, riboflavin, cobalamin and folate, depending on the degree of the insufficient vitamin supply. Vitamin supplementation in cases of initially insufficient vitamin supply indicate some effects in the sense of an improvement of behavior and cognitive functions. Supplemental vitamin intake in physiological dosages in addition to a vitamin-sufficient diet did not lead to an improvement of behavior and mental performance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Determination of cholesterol turnover rate by a one-and two-pool kinetic analysis.

The cholesterol turnover rate in rabbits with alimentary cholesterol atherosclerosis and in guinea-pigs with chronic vitamin C deficiency was studied by a one- and two-pool kinetic analysis. The one-pool analysis yielded exaggeraged values for the turnover rate, but the turnover rate differences between the control and experimental groups in the one- and the two-pool analysis were very similar. One-pool analysis can be used in initial studies to obtain preliminary data on the effect of nutritional, pharmacological and other factors on cholesterol turnover rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Biliary lipids, bile acids and gallstone formation in hypovitaminotic C guinea-pigs.

1. Hypovitaminotic C guinea-pigs fed on a high-cholesterol diet for 5 weeks developed gallstones (810 mg cholesterol/g) whereas no concretements were observed in vitamin C-replete animals. 2. Scanning electron microscope studies of the three types of gallstone observed in the gallbladders of vitamin C-deficient animals showed them to be composed of randomly-arranged needle-shaped or laminated crystal of cholesterol. 3. The hepatic bile of gallstone-forming animals had a higher cholesterol concentration and lower bile acid content, the latter being principally due to a reduction in the chenodeoxycholic fraction, than the bile of vitamin C-replete animals. 4. No significant difference was observed between the volume of bile secreted by hypovitaminotic C and vitamin C-replete animals, but due to the qualitative changes in bile composition, gallstone formation was associated with an increased biliary secretion of cholesterol and a reduced secretion of bile acids.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enzymatic activity of the microsomal fraction of the mucosa of the small intestine in guinea pigs with vitamin D and C deficiencies].

The influence of vitamin D and C deficiency on the kinetic parameters of sucrase and alkali phosphatase activities was studied in the microsomal fraction of the small intestinal mucosa of guinea pigs. It was found that Km values for these enzymes did not depend on the animal providing with these vitamins. Deficiency of one of these vitamins did not influence sucrase activity, however, simultaneous elimination of vitamins D and C resulted in the activity rise by 92%. Alkali phosphatase and Ca-ATPase activities proved to be similarly dependent on providing with vitamin D in the presence of vitamin C in the ration, while in the absence of vitamin C this dependence was not observed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructural changes in developing hamster molars during vitamin C deficiency in vitro.

Second day maxillary molars of hamsters were cultured during 4, 8 and 10 days in the presence or absence of 250 micrograms/ml vitamin C. After 8 days of culture without vit. C the basal lamina in the cervical loop region (proliferation zone) was locally disrupted; after 10 days it was completely absent or only remnants of it could be found. In the differentiation zone an abnormal amorphous predentine matrix was found during vit. C deficiency; from the 4th day on the basal lamina had changed in structure or ruptured prematurely. A role of the basal lamina in directing odontoblast differentiation is possible but was not actually demonstrated. It is suggested that the failure of the pre-ameloblasts to differentiate was due to changes in the extracellular matrix. The observations support a cell-matrix type of interaction for the differentiation of the ameloblast.

Ameloblasts↗
PubMed1986

[Severe vitamin C deficiency and oral pathology. Apropos a case report of Barlow's disease].

Vitamin C deficiency is an exceptional findings but emphasis is placed on the need for detection of latent minimally symptomatic and intricate cases, as illustrated by a 3 1/2 year old child with a latent form of Barlow's disease. Although results of biologic tests were fairly typical, clinical signs were restricted to hypotrophy, gingivostomatitis and proctorrhagia. A literature review failed to determine whether or not specific oral manifestations could be associated with Barlow's disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[The vitamin allowance of the adult population of the Russian Federation and its changes in 1983-1993. 1. Vitamins C, E, A and carotene].

The investigations carried out in 1983-1993 showed increasing of insufficiency of vitamin C and carotene in population of almost all investigated areas of Russian Federation. Insufficiency of vitamin C was found in 70-95%, pronounced deficit in 45-70% of adults. Deficiency of carotene was was detected in 30-90% of adults. Insufficiency of these nutrients is unfavourable long condition detected not only during spring but also in summer in different occupational groups of population. Vitamins A and E nutritional status of different groups of population are good enough in all seasons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Intravenous ascorbic acid administration for erythropoietin-hyporesponsive anemia in iron loaded hemodialysis patients.

Intravenous ascorbic acid administration (IVAA) could override recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) resistance in hemodialysis patients with iron overload. We investigated the hematopoietic response to IVAA in iron-overloaded hemodialysis patients. We included 36 patients whose ferritin levels were higher than 500 microg/L and who needed more than 100 U/kg/week of rHuEPO. The study included an initial phase (500 mg IVAA twice weekly was administered to all of the patients for 8 weeks) and a maintenance phase (patient groups were formed; Group 1 received IVAA 500 mg/week for 8 weeks and Group 2 received no therapy). We observed a significant increase in hematocrit and transferrin saturation and a decrease in the percentage of hypochromic red cells and ferritin levels at the end of the initial phase. The total weekly-required rHuEpo dose and rHuEpo/hemoglobin also fell significantly after the initial phase. The response remained stable in patient groups during the maintenance phase. In 6 nonresponders, the hypochromic red cells were <10%. In conclusion, IVAA effectively overrides rHuEPO resistance in iron-overloaded hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nutritional factors and oral candidosis.

A variety of nutritional factors including deficiencies of iron, folic acid, vitamins, and diets rich in carbohydrates have been implicated in the pathogenesis of oral candidal infections. The following reviews the growing body of data, from in vivo and in vitro studies, related to each of these implicated factors. Although much disagreement exists as to the specific roles played by these individual factors, there is little doubt that nutritional factors either acting locally or via systemic mechanisms could significantly affect the pathogenesis of oral candidoses. Hence, the role of these less well-characterised predisposing factors should be considered when one is treating patients with intractable oral candidal infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Alimentary, metabolic and toxic osteopathies in adults].

Skeletal changes in deficient or badly balanced nutrition (alimentary osteopathies) and osseous changes accompanying chronic disease of internal organs and metabolic disorders (metabolic osteopathies) are discussed. Basically, the classical generalised skeletal changes such as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, fibroosteoclacia and sclerosis of the bone can occur in their pure form or as a combination of two ore more of these disorders. Finally the exogenic toxic osteopathies are discussed, nowadays fluorosis being the most important. Other external factors may be drugs such as methotrexate and antiepileptic medications.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing effects of supplementation of two micronutrient sprinkles on fatty acid status in Cambodian infants.

BACKGROUND: Infants in developing countries require early dietary interventions to prevent nutritional deficiencies, above all protein, energy, iron and zinc. To what extent these interventions may affect the fatty acid (FA) status is still unknown. OBJECTIVES: To examine and compare the effects of 2 micronutrient "sprinkles" supplementations (iron 12.5 mg + folic acid 150 microg, iron/folate and iron 12.5 mg + folic acid 150 microg + zinc 5 mg + vitamins A, C and D3, mineral/micronutrient [MMN]) versus placebo on the FA status of Cambodian infants. METHODS: A total of 204 infants age 6 mo and living in Kompong Chhnang Province, Cambodia, were randomly assigned to receive daily supplementation of MMN (n = 68) and iron/folate (n = 68) or placebo (n = 68) for a 12-mo period in powder form as sprinkles. At the end of the intervention period, FAs in the range of 16 to 24 C were determined in blood drops absorbed on a strip collected from 182 subjects, and values among the 3 intervention subgroups and those of 21 Italian 18-mo-old, normal-growing infants as the reference group were compared. RESULTS: At the end of the supplementation trial, higher levels of the 2 essential FAs (EFAs) (linoleic acid, 18:2n-6, and alpha-linolenic acid, 18:3n-3) were found in the MMN group. No differences occurred for the major longer chain derivatives of both EFAs arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3). In MMN supplemented Cambodians, blood levels of linoleic acid approached those of Italian infants, and in addition their alpha-linolenic acid levels were improved. Cambodian infants, mostly still breast-fed through the second year of life, showed significantly higher levels of long-chain derivatives of both the n-6 and the n-3 series compared with Italians. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with iron, folic acid, zinc and vitamins was associated with an increase of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid levels in Cambodian infants versus placebo, without significant changes in the concentrations of their longer chain derivatives, resulting in a FA status closer to Italian counterparts for the essential polyunsaturated FA levels. The iron/folate-treated infants showed no differences compared with the other 2 groups. Studies are needed to differentiate the potential effects of the supplemented micronutrients on the FA status.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗