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Results for “Microscopy, Polarization”

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At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of talc granulomatosis in a peripheral lymph node in a case of suspected intravenous drug abuse.

A fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimen of an epitrochlear lymph node from a 22-year-old suspected intravenous drug abuser was submitted for cytologic examination, which revealed numerous granulomatous tissue fragments, histiocytes, lymphocytes and giant cells. Polarizing microscopy revealed strongly birefringent material of varying shapes and sizes, including anisotropic crystals with the Maltese cross configuration characteristic of starch. A cytologic diagnosis of talc granulomatosis in the lymph node was made. This case emphasizes the value of FNA biopsy in the differentiation of inflammatory versus neoplastic processes; this appears to be the first case of peripheral talc granulomatosis diagnosed by FNA biopsy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal fat tissue aspirate in amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever.

Abdominal fat tissue aspirates from 20 patients with biopsy-proved amyloidosis were investigated by polarized microscopy after staining with Congo-red. Positive results were obtained in 4 of 5 patients with primary amyloidosis (AL) and in none of 15 with amyloidosis (AA) of Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). We suggest that although this technique is simple, safe and effective in other forms of amyloidosis, it cannot be used as a diagnostic tool in FMF patients suffering from amyloidosis.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1989

[Connective tissue of the human fallopian tube mucosa--polarization microscopic detection of collagen using Solaminrot 4B].

The Picrosirius-polarization method was applied to the selective morphological collagen detection in the human uterine tube. Solaminrot 4B (VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) was used as dyestuff which enhances the normal birefringency of collagen fibrous material in tissue sections. The results show that the connective tissue of the lamina propria mucosae consists of collagen fibres, namely considerably. The mucosal folds of uterine tubes of younger individuals contain delicate, weaker birefringent fibres stained yellowish-red and red-orange. The folds of oviducts of ageing individuals composed of compact, strong birefringent collagen fibrous material stained intensely red, red-orange, and yellow. This is characteristic of organs in the pre- and postmenopausal periods and in the senium. The findings suggest that the fibrous structures detected selectively in the oviductal mucosa by combinative method of Picrosolamin-staining and polarization microscopy are distinct collagen fibres. The delicate, weaker birefringent fibres could correspond with collagen type III and the thicker, stronger birefringent ones could represent collagen type I.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Acute monoarthritis associated with intracellular positively birefringent Maltese cross appearing spherules.

A 57-year-old black woman presented with acute monoarthritis of the left knee. Numerous intra and extracellular strongly positively birefringent lipid spherules with a Maltese cross appearance were seen in the synovial fluid from the affected joint when viewed under compensated polarized light microscopy. This represents the 7th reported case of atraumatic acute arthritis associated with large numbers of positively birefringent lipid spherules. We review previous case reports and discuss the present understanding of the pathogenesis and the significance of the association of large numbers of birefringent lipid spherules with acute arthritis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

[Analysis of urinary stones. Present status in Czechoslovakia].

The paper analyzes the disadvantages and limitations of qualitative chemical analysis the results of which many urological institutions depend on. The author presents first results of the standardization and control of cystolithiasis examination showing a marked improvement in accuracy. At present, the greatest advantage, especially from the economical aspect, is seen in a combination of polarization microscopy and quantitative chemical analysis. The paper discusses the results of a study carried out at the urological departments in the Czech Socialist Republic with regard to the availability and quality of urinary concrement analysis.

Czechoslovakia↗

PubMed1989

[Investigation on the composition and structure of 400 urinary calculi].

400 urinary calculi have been analyzed by chemical and physical methods, namely chemical qualitative analysis, metallic elements spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermographimetric analysis, polarizing microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, etc. Further understanding of the correlation between the structure and the composition of calculi was achieved, which may be helpful in inquiring the formation of urinary calculi.

Calcium↗

PubMed1979

[A scanning electromicroscopic determination of the depth of penetration of dental enamel adhesives in the etched enamel].

The surface tension of the liquid preservative was held responsible for the loss of plastic tags in the penetration zone between sealer and enamel due to the preparation. This loss is demonstrable with fluorescence, interference, and polarization microscopy. With the help of freeze-drying procedures, tags of approximately 200 mum could be exposed and photographed with the scanning electron microscope.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed1986

[Amyloidosis of the A-kappa type].

A 73-year-old patient complained of increasing macroglossia and symmetrical enlargement of the submandibular region. A tongue biopsy showed typical deposits of amyloid by Congo red staining and polarization microscopy. Similar deposits were found in biopsy specimens of the submaxillary gland and the rectum. Electron microscopy revealed typical amyloid fibrils. With the indirect immunoperoxidase technique the amyloid was classified as being of immunoglobulin kappa-light-chain origin (A-kappa), because only anti-A kappa, but not anti-A lambda (several antisera of non-overlapping specificity), anti-ASc1 or anti-AF antisera were found to be reactive. Correspondingly, Bence Jones protein of the kappa type was found in the urine. In the bone marrow there was an increase in plasma cells of up to 10%. Cytostatic therapy with melphalan and methylprednisolone seemed to stop the progression of amyloid deposition.

Aged↗

PubMed1988

[Evidence of mineral impurities in talc].

Polarizing microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and differential thermal analysis can be used to detect small amounts of minerals which may occur in talcs as impurities. The characteristic features of chlorite, asbestos, magnesite, quartz and other minerals recognizable through these methods are described.

Differential Thermal Analysis↗

PubMed1986

Mantle dentine in man--a quantitative microradiographic study.

50 microradiographs taken in a standardized manner of midsagittal ground sections of teeth of individuals aged 18 to 56 years were densitometrically evaluated along a track passing through enamel, dentine and an aluminium stepwedge. Semi-quantitative analysis of mineral density uniformly showed an irregular platform representing circumpulpal dentine and a peripheral down slope in the region of the amelodentinal junction, representing mantle dentine. The width of this less mineralized peripheral zone measured on densitometric recordings averaged 150 microns (+/- 50). Quantitative analysis of the two dentinal regions permitted the calculation of the mineral content in terms of volume percentage using both a graphic method and an electronic computer method. The sections were also examined by polarized light microscopy which clearly visualized the presence of peripheral mantle dentine. The mean mineral density of circumpulpal dentine was 46% according to both the graphic and the computer methods; mantle dentine yielded means close to 42% according by both methods. The 4% difference in density between circumpulpal dentine and mantle dentine proved to be statistically significant; there was no significant difference between the means obtained graphically and those obtained electronically. The need for further investigation of this region of the amelodentinal junction was stressed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Long-term survival rates after prolonged aortic cross-clamping with St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia.

Prolonged aortic cross-clamping (in excess of 120 min) was necessary in 154 cardiac surgical patients. St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia was used for myocardial preservation. Quantitative polarization microscopy enabling quantitative birefringence measurements to assess the change in birefringence of the muscle fibres in response to the addition of buffer containing ATP and calcium (i.e. myocardial contractility) was used to detect whether there had been any deterioration in right or left ventricular myocardium during the bypass period. 30 day survival was 90%, long-term (60 months) survival was 80%. In single valve replacements, patients with aortic valvular replacement had 100% survival up to 92 months, whereas patients with mitral valvular replacement had survival rates of 83% after 12 months and 27% after 60 months. Survival rates after 60 months were 89% for coronary artery bypass grafting, 80% for multiple valve replacements, and 74% for combined valvular and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Quantitative birefringence assessment of function showed that in the surviving patients 5% had functional deterioration during bypass whereas in the non-surviving patients 70% had functional deterioration. It may be concluded that after cardiac surgery necessitating prolonged aortic cross-clamping--once the initial operative problems are overcome--reasonable long-term results can be obtained by using St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegia.

Bicarbonates↗

PubMed1987

[Study of spontaneous crystalluria in patients with calcium oxalate calculi].

We studied crystalluria in healthy subjects and in calcium oxalate stone formers using polarization microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, in freshly voided urine and after 48 h urine storage at +4 degrees C. 412 urine specimens from 39 normal subjects and from 172 stone formers were examined. In the latter, 90 voidings were obtained while on free diet, 61 on moderately calcium restricted diet, 34 in the fasting state and 136 while on thiazide therapy. In the normal subjects, all 91 voidings were obtained while on free diet. Crystalluria was more frequent in urine specimens collected on free diet in stone formers (48.9%) than in normal subjects (13.9%, p less than 0.001) and slightly decreased in patients on thiazide therapy (41.2%). Crystalluria increased following +4 degrees C urine storage in all groups. The most frequent crystalline phase was weddellite. Comparison of crystalline phases of calcium oxalate observed before and after +4 degrees C storage showed that crystallization spontaneously progressed to weddellite whatever the calcium oxalate phase initially present. On thiazide therapy we observed, in addition to lower calcium content, a decreased frequency of urate crystallization especially in +4 degrees C stored urine, in parallel with a decrease in urate concentration.

Calcium Oxalate↗

PubMed1987

[Morphological manifestations of anthracycline cardiomyopathy in the ventricular myocardium of the rat].

Cardiomyopathy and plastic contractile myocardial insufficiency were simulated in Wistar rats by an anthracycline antibiotic rubomycin. The myocardium in conditions of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis suppression was studied using polarization, electron microscopy and the method of cardiomyocyte isolation. During anthracycline cardiomyopathy in the absence of necrotic and necrobiotic myocardial injuries there was a smaller depression of cardiomyocyte population and their nuclei in the right ventricle (23 and 22% respectively) than in the left ventricle (38 and 39% respectively). It was concluded that a smaller amount of cardiomyocyte population was in the phase of intensive protein synthesis in the right than in the left ventricular myocardium.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

[Nonspecific pyelonephritis and the formation of urinary calculi in urogenital tuberculosis].

The course of urogenital tuberculosis is complicated by unspecific bacterial infections of the urinary tract and nephrolithiasis. Among 605 patients with bacteriological or histological verified urogenital tuberculosis, 122 patients (20%) developed unspecific bacterial urinary infection--commonly caused by E. coli, proteus and pseudomonas--and 57 patients (9.4%) showed nephrolithiasis. In 42% of the lithiasis patients an urinary tract infection simultaneously occurred. 22 calculi are analyzed by the combined crystal-optical and x-ray-diffraction method with following results: 9 X struvite/carbonate apatite, 6 X calcium phosphate, 7 X calcium oxalate. The texture of 12 calculi was investigated on thin sections by polarization microscopy and a high concentration of organic material was found in both calcium oxalate and struvite/carbonate apatite calculi.

Bacteria↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Models of biological membranes containing gangliosides].

Molecular and supermolecular peculiarities in multicomponent liotropic systems ganglioside-water, ganglioside-cerebroside-water, ganglioside-lecithin-water, ganglioside-lecithin-troponin-tropomyosin-water were studied by polarizing microscopy and rentgenography. The results obtained by these two methods are in good agreement. Mesomorphism and phase changes depending on the concentrations of components and compounds of systems were established.

Cell Membrane↗

PubMed1985

[Atherosclerotic stenosis of the coronary arteries and contraction lesions of the myocardium in sudden coronary death].

Hearts of 50 patients (males of 30 to 54 years) after sudden cardiac death (SCD) without myocardial infarction, acute or recorded in the past, were studied. Heart slides were stained with an iron hematoxylin; polarizing microscopy was also used. The surface of cardiomyocytes diffusely stained with an iron hematoxylin was determined in histological slides by means of a 100-points ocular mesh. Essential differences in the spread of contractural myocardial lesions were found, this likely to be bound with different mechanisms of death (ventricular fibrillation, asystole). A low degree of spread of these lesions was noted more frequently in grave stenoses (greater than 75%) of coronary arteries. A direct correlation between the spread of contractural lesions and renin activity in plasma is found.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Myocardial morphology in endotoxic shock].

The myocardium of rabbits with endotoxin shock produced by two intravenous injections (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) of the typhoid fever bacillus antigen was studied histologically, histochemically, histoenzymatically and by polarization microscopy. Animals were killed by decapitation 0,5-1,5, 5-10, 24-30, 48-80, 120-194 hours after the 2nd injection; animals dying in the course of experiment were also examined. Morphological substrate of heart insufficiency, morphofunctional heterogeneity of cardiomyocytes of both inner and external myocardial layers were revealed. Hypoxia of a complex origin is the main cause of the above alterations.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electron microscopic study of depot corticosteroid crystals with clinical studies after intra-articular injection.

Depot corticosteroid crystals and their in vivo handling after intra-articular injection have not been studied by electron microscope (EM). We therefore injected 20 mg of either prednisolone tebuate or triamcinolone hexacetonide into knee joints of 7 patients with osteoarthritis and painful effusions. Six patients had a rise in the synovial fluid leukocyte counts, but only 1 patient had clinical evidence of a post-injection flare. Scanning and transmission EM revealed intra- and extracellular crystals 24 hours and 1 week after the initial injection. These combined EM studies provide an adjunct to compensated polarized microscopy in differentiation of depot steroid from other crystals.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗