PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Workload”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Questioning workload resources.

Available technology assists managers with fiscally sound predictions of staffing and secondary patient care resources.

Decision Support Systems, Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in Type As and Type Bs during mental workload.

Recently several studies have suggested that there are differences in autonomic balance between Type As and Type Bs. This study evaluates a sympathovagal interaction in Type A (n = 8) and Type B (n = 11) male students during a mental arithmetic task by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. The low-frequency component to high-frequency component ratio was significantly greater in Type As than in Type Bs during a resting period. No significant differences were found in heart rate changes and blood pressure between the two kinds of subject groups. The present findings indicate that there was a significant difference in sympathovagal balance between Type As and Bs. Type As showed dominant sympathetic activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circuit weight training in cardiac patients: determining optimal workloads for safety and energy expenditure.

BACKGROUND: While most studies suggest circuit weight training (CWT) to be safe in cardiac rehabilitation populations, few investigators have controlled variables known to impact CWT intensity. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to determine the energy cost and evaluate safety of cardiac patients while varying rest interval duration and lifting load in a CWT format. METHODS: Nine male subjects with documented coronary artery disease had maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), one-repetition maximum (1-RM), and body composition tested. In random order and on separate days, 4 CWT sessions using either 40% or 60% of the 1-RM, and either 30 or 60 seconds of rest between stations were completed. Energy cost, heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) were measured. Data were analyzed with a repeated measures analysis of variance, and Tukey's post-hoc test was performed when significant results were found. The alpha level was set at < .05. RESULTS: Subjects exercised at 25% to 32% of VO2max (58%-67% of HRmax) during CWT. The HR and RPP responses were lower during all CWT protocols than at 85% of the treadmill VO2max. No subject displayed any ST-segment depression or angina during CWT. The 40%-60-second protocol had an energy cost (2.98 kcal/min) that was lower (P < .05) than the other protocols (3.48-3.81 kcal/min). Increasing the lifting load resulted in increases (P < .05) in energy cost, and decreasing the rest interval increased energy cost only during the 40% 1-RM protocols. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that CWT protocols of varied intensity are safe for cardiac patients when compared to treadmill exercise, and changes in rest interval duration and load can impact the energy cost.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hospital restructuring, workload, and nursing staff satisfaction and work experiences.

This study examined changes in patient-nurse ratios resulting from hospital restructuring and the relationship of such changes to nursing staff satisfaction, psychological health, and perceptions of hospital functioning. Data were obtained from 744 hospital-based nursing survivors using questionnaires. Fifty-three percent of staff nurses indicated an increased patient-nurse ratio. Nursing staff indicating increased ratios generally reported less job satisfaction, poorer psychological (but not physical) health, and less effective hospital functioning.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

The effect of workload on infection risk in critically ill patients.

OBJECTIVE: There is growing evidence that low nurse staffing jeopardizes quality of patient care. The objective of the study was to determine whether low staffing level increases the infection risk in critical care. DESIGN: Observational, single-center, prospective cohort study. SETTING: Medical intensive care unit of the University of Geneva Hospitals, Switzerland. PATIENTS: All patients admitted over a 4-yr period. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Study variables included all infections acquired in critical care, daily nurse-to-patient ratio, demographic characteristics, admission diagnosis and severity score, comorbidities, daily individual exposure to invasive devices, and selected drugs. Of a cohort of 1,883 patients totaling 10,637 patient-days, 415 (22%) developed at least one healthcare-associated infection while in critical care. Overall infection rate was 64.5 episodes per 1000 patient-days. Infected patients experienced higher mortality with a longer duration of stay both in critical care and in the hospital than noninfected patients (all p < .001). Median 24-hr nurse-to-patient ratio was 1.9. Controlling for exposure to central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation, urinary catheter, and antibiotics, we found that higher staffing level was associated with a >30% infection risk reduction (incidence rate ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.95). We estimated that 26.7% of all infections could be avoided if the nurse-to-patient ratio was maintained >2.2. CONCLUSIONS: Staffing is a key determinant of healthcare-associated infection in critically ill patients. Assuming causality, a substantial proportion of all infections could be avoided if nurse staffing were to be maintained at a higher level.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Neuroanaesthetists' experience of workload-related issues and long-duration cases.

A survey of the members of the Neuroanaesthesia Society of Great Britain and Ireland was conducted to examine issues arising from the management of long cases. Replies were received from 47% of neuroanaesthetists. The survey highlights that consultants are working for prolonged periods without adequate rest. This may compromise patient safety, job satisfaction and recruitment to the specialty. These pressures are likely to increase as the European Working Time Directive reduces the availability of trainees, and because of expansion in neurosurgery and neuroradiology. Similar concerns are likely to extend into other anaesthetic specialties with long-duration cases and may apply to our surgical colleagues.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1991

Workload trends in otolaryngology: some statistical observations from medical record linkage.

Trends in admission rates, lengths of stay, and clinical case mix (adjusted for multiple admissions per person) for Otolaryngology from 1975 to 1985 are described using the Oxford Record Linkage Study. Person-based admission rates increased generally, most strikingly amongst children and adolescents. Both length of stay per episode and total number of days an individual stayed in hospital each year decreased. Operations on tonsils and adenoids decreased averaging 2.2% per annum; admissions for diagnoses for otitis media with effusion increased averaging 8.2% per annum; for the operations of myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion increased averaging 9.2% per annum; for other diagnoses related to the ear increased averaging 5.7% per annum; and admissions for malignant neoplasms decreased averaging 2.0% per annum. Clearly more people are being treated for a changing case mix. The largest increases are occurring with children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Can flow cytometry reduce the workload for cervical screening? The results of a series of 622 specimens.

A simple method permitting the flow cytometric examination of cervical specimens has been developed and an assessment made of the feasibility of relying on this method to screen women for cervical neoplasia. Examination of four flow cytometric parameters showed differences between morphologically normal and abnormal specimens and allowed identification of a proportion of the normal specimens. The system had a false negative rate of 8%. Our experience with cervical specimens has revealed a number of problems associated with their examination by flow cytometry and these are discussed.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2004

Towards reasonable workload in diagnosis of sentinel lymph nodes: comparison of two frozen section methods.

AIMS: To compare two methods of histological assessment with intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel node metastases in breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 204 consecutive breast cancer cases with lymphatic mapping, sentinel node biopsy and intraoperative diagnosis were included. The sentinel nodes in the first 102 cases (method A) were bisected and serially sectioned. In the other 102 cases (method B) the nodes were sliced thinly with a razor blade. All 1-1.5 mm thick slices were mounted on prechilled mounting medium on frozen section buttons. Cytological imprints were also made of the attached tissue slices. Postoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node metatases was taken as gold standard. Sentinel node metastases were found in 28 (27%) cases in group A and in 42 (40%) cases in group B (P = 0.05). The median size of the sentinel node metastases was 4.3 mm in group A and 3.3 mm in group B (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Method B finds more and smaller metastases and takes less time and effort in the laboratory. When using method A, many small metastases are not detected at all.

Adenocarcinoma↗