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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of enterovirus specific RNA sequences in muscle biopsy specimens from patients with adult onset myositis.

A subgenomic cDNA probe with broad specificity for a range of enteroviruses was used to test by an in situ hybridisation technique for the presence of enterovirus specific genomic sequences in muscle biopsy samples obtained from patients with chronic adult myositis. Virus specific RNA sequences were detected in 6/13 (46%) patients with idiopathic polymyositis or dermatomyositis. Control samples obtained from an equal number of patients suffering from other muscle disorders were negative. A monoclonal antibody specific for an enterovirus group was used to probe for viral antigens by indirect immunoperoxidase staining; all biopsy samples from test and control groups were negative.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Myositis and swollen knees: disease or treatment complication?

Interesting and unusual causes of knee pain in three patients with idiopathic inflammmatory myositis seen in the clinic over the past 12 months are reported. Their clinical features are described and treatment discussed emphasising the importance of being able to differentiate between a manifestation of the rheumatic disease and a treatment complication. Publications on this topic are also reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of orbital myositis by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

Two cases of orbital myositis are reported in which precise identification of the involved muscle was possible with the use of surface coil nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. A clinical response to oral steroids in both cases coincided with a marked reduction in the abnormal thickening of the muscles as seen on the NMR images.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Ocular myositis as first presenting symptom of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection and its response to high-dose cortisone treatment.

A 30-year-old male presented with signs of ocular inflammation and motility disturbances in an early stage of HIV infection. The provisional diagnosis of an ocular myositis was confirmed by orbital echograms. A general check up revealed positive anti-smooth-muscle antibodies and antinuclear antibodies as well as a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Oral steroid treatment in addition to steroid eyedrops achieved complete resolution of clinical and sonographic symptoms within 15 weeks. Autoimmune phenomena are well known presentations of HIV infection. In this case oral cortisone proved to be an effective therapy even in the setting of an HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1976

Tropical myositis: ultrastructural studies.

Specimens of muscle were obtained from non-suppurating lesions of nine patients with tropical myositis. When examined in an electron microscope, these revealed patchy myocytolysis with loss of band structure. Perimysial cells were also degenerate. Sections from two out of nine patients revealed intracellular vesicles, about 80 nm in diameter, some of which contained 10 nm granules. These vesicles were seen budding from cell membranes and resembled virus particles. The focal necrosis with which they are associated and their absence from control sections support the concept that they are related to the disease process.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed2004

Sporadic inclusion body myositis: morphology, regeneration, and cytoskeletal structure of muscle fibres.

OBJECTIVE: To characterise morphological abnormalities in relation to muscle fibre type in sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM). METHODS: 14 muscle biopsies from 11 patients with s-IBM were characterised for morphological abnormalities and fibre type composition as well as muscle fibre regeneration and cytoskeletal structure, using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS: Morphological abnormalities included inflammatory infiltrates and "rimmed vacuoles," and pronounced variation in fibre size. There were no significant differences in fibre type composition between s-IBM patients and controls based on the myofibrillar ATPase staining. A differential effect on muscle fibre sizes was noted, type II fibres being smaller in the s-IBM patients than in the controls. Conversely, the mean type I muscle fibre diameter in the s-IBM patients was larger than in the controls, though this difference was not significant. An ongoing intense regeneration process was present in s-IBM muscle, as indicated by the expression of neonatal myosin heavy chain, vimentin, and CD56 (Leu-19) in most of the muscle fibres. The cytoskeletal proteins dystrophin and desmin were normally expressed in s-IBM muscle fibres that were not undergoing degeneration or regeneration. CONCLUSIONS: There are extensive morphological and morphometric alterations in s-IBM, affecting different muscle fibre types in different ways. The cytoskeletal structure of type I and II muscle fibres remains unaffected in different stages of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Expression of granulysin in polymyositis and inclusion-body myositis.

BACKGROUND: Granulysin, a recently defined cytolytic molecule, is expressed in cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells in a similar way to perforin, which is reported to have a major role in the pathogenesis of polymyositis and inclusion-body myositis (IBM). OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role of granulysin in polymyositis and IBM. METHODS: The expression of granulysin and perforin was examined by double staining with CD8, CD4 and CD56 in endomysial infiltrating cells and autoinvasive cells in muscle biopsy specimens of 17 patients with polymyositis (6 steroid resistant and 11 steroid responsive) and of 7 patients with IBM. RESULTS: Similar to perforin, granulysin was expressed in CD8, CD4 or CD56 cells in patients with polymyositis and IBM. The ratio of cells double positive for granulysin and CD8 to all CD8 cells at endomysial sites was notably higher in steroid-resistant polymyositis than in steroid-responsive polymyositis and IBM. CONCLUSION: Granulysin expression in CD8 cells seems to be correlated with steroid resistance in polymyositis.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1973

Myositis in father and daughter.

The occurrence of myositis in a father and his daughter is reported. The daughter's illness resembled childhood dermatomyositis and progressed to systemic involvement and death less than four years from the onset of symptoms. In the case of the father the illness followed the course of adult polymyositis and there was little evidence of systemic involvement. The immunological and genetic significance of the two cases is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The role of quantitative electromyography in inclusion body myositis.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Inclusion body myositis is said to have both myopathic and neurogenic features on electrophysiological tests. Twenty one studies from 20 patients with biopsy defined inclusion body myosis, 13 of whom had quantitative electromyography (qEMG), were reviewed to determine if this technique added diagnostic specificity (one patient had both needle EMG and a later study with qEMG before muscle biopsy). RESULTS: Excessive numbers of polyphasic motor unit potentials (MUPs) (> 12% per muscle) were seen in 11 of the 13 patients. In 10 of 13 patients, mean MUP duration was abnormally reduced (26% to 48%). In three patients, mean MUP duration was abnormally reduced only after polyphasic MUPs were excluded. In all 13 patients, the simple MUP duration was reduced. Myopathy was unequivocally diagnosed in all 13 studies that included qEMG; of the remaining eight patients, the conclusions of the electrophysiological studies without qEMG was myopathy (one), neurogenic (four) or non-diagnostic (three). CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence of a neurogenic component in inclusion body myosis if qEMG is used. Quantitative EMG is often necessary to make an electrophysiological diagnosis of a myogenic disorder in patients with inclusion body myosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Non-traumatic clostridial myositis: an unusual feature of brain death.

In a case of brain death, a Clostridium sordellii and Escherichia coli septicaemia--of probable gastrointestinal origin--developed and was associated with a diffuse clostridial myositis. Factors responsible for the initiation and development of this unusual clostridial infection are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Syphilitic myositis.

A case of myositis associated with secondary syphilis is described. Complete recovery occurred after antisyphilitic treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Myositis associated graft-versus-host-disease presenting as respiratory muscle weakness.

Myositis associated with graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) typically presents with proximal muscle weakness, myalgias, and a raised creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) level. We report a case of a 51 year old man who developed respiratory muscle weakness five years after an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for multiple myeloma. His symptoms included tachypnoea, abdominal paradox, and orthopnoea. Pulmonary function tests revealed diminished vital capacity and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. Serum CPK levels were raised and a peripheral muscle biopsy specimen was consistent with GVHD. He improved with immunosuppressive therapy.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1997

Sarcoidosis and primary biliary cirrhosis with co-existing myositis.

In a small number of cases the co-existence of primary biliary cirrhosis and sarcoidosis is assumed from clinical serological and histological findings. A case of sarcoidosis is reported in which the M2 antibody, a highly specific marker for primary biliary cirrhosis, was detected. The patient also developed a severe myositis and a possible overlap syndrome is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Clostridial myositis in cattle: bacteriology and gross pathology.

In a bacteriological study of 173 cases of clostridial myositis in cattle, Cl chauvoei either alone or with Cl septicum was demonstrated in 97 (56 %)min a further 62 (36%) cases Cl novyi was demonstrated either alone or with Cl septicum. On 11 (6%) occasions Cl septicum only was recovered, and on another three 1-7%) Cl sordelli only. The gross pathology of the lesions was correlated with the bacteriological findings, and prophylaxis in relation to the infections identified is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Equine post anaesthetic myositis: muscular post ischaemic hyperaemia measured by laser Doppler flowmetry.

Measurements of muscular microcirculation in horses anaesthetised with halothane were performed by laser Doppler flowmetry. Variations of microcirculation in the compressed and uncompressed triceps brachii were measured when horses were positioned in dorsal recumbency after a prolonged period in lateral recumbency. A significant post ischaemic hyperaemia was recorded in horses which developed a post anaesthetic myositis.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1993

Temporary bilateral laryngeal paralysis in a horse associated with general anaesthesia and post anaesthetic myositis.

An eight-year-old Highland pony which had previously shown normal laryngeal function, underwent general anaesthesia for surgical treatment of a mandibular sinus. During its recovery from the anaesthesia, the pony suffered great respiratory distress and stridor, due to total bilateral laryngeal paralysis and pulmonary oedema. The animal was immediately given a temporary tracheostomy. Some hours later, postoperative myositis developed; it resolved within two days and the pony's laryngeal function returned to normal during the following year.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

Fat-suppressed MR imaging of myositis.

A hybrid fat-suppression sequence in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate inflammatory muscle disorders in seven children: five patients with dermatomyositis, one patient with vasculitis, and one patient with viral myositis. Fat-suppressed multisection axial images obtained with the same repetition and echo times as those used to obtain standard spin-echo (SE) images enabled direct comparison of images, with little variation of T1 and T2 weighting. In six patients, the contrast on images obtained with T2 fat suppression was 15%-20% greater than contrast on conventional T2-weighted SE images. In all seven patients, the subjective judgment was that T2-weighted fat-suppression sequences improved visualization of muscle abnormalities. It is concluded that T2 fat suppression is useful in evaluation of inflammatory muscle disorders in children because it increases contrast and eliminates fat as a cause of muscle abnormality.

Child, Preschool↗