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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Immunohistology of malignant rabbit fibroma virus--a comparative study with rabbit myxoma virus.

Malignant rabbit fibroma virus (MV) causes a syndrome that consists of disseminated malignant tumors and immunosuppression complicated by severe Pasteurella multocida infection and death. Tissues from rabbits given MV and rabbit myxoma virus were examined by direct immunofluorescence with the use of antibody against virus antigens. Primary and metastatic tumors caused by MV and rabbit myxoma virus were composed of soft tissue cells containing virus antigens. Skin appendages and epidermis overlying the respective tumors showed scant MV but abundant myxoma virus antigen. Both viruses were present systemically in the reticuloendothelial system. Epithelial cells from the liver, kidney, and lung of myxoma virus-infected rabbits contained virus, whereas in MV tumor-bearing rabbits, these cells were uninvolved. However, nasal mucosal and conjunctival epithelia, the locations of Pasteurella infection, showed squamous metaplasia and contained large amounts of MV and myxoma antigens. By analogy to other respiratory tract pathogens, these epithelial changes were probably etiologically significant for development of pasteurellosis in rabbits bearing virus-induced tumors. Thus by immunopathologic as well as clinical examination, MV produces a syndrome distinct from that seen with rabbit myxoma virus. MV induced severe immunosuppression despite T-lymphocyte hyperplasia in the lymphoid tissues observed. The combination of a systemic virus infection, epithelial alterations that impaired clearance mechanisms, and immunologic dysfunction is likely to contribute to the inability of rabbits given MV to survive their gram-negative infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Pasteurella multocida bacteremia due to non-bite animal exposure in cirrhotic patients: report of two cases.

Pasteurella species are very small gram-negative coccobacilli. They are normal flora found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract of many animals, and can cause various infections including septicemia and pneumonia. Human infection with Pasteurella multocida occurs commonly as a localized cellulitis caused by animal bites. This report described 2 rare cases of P. multocida bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Both patients had a history of contact with sick-appearing stray dogs, but neither had been bitten. P. multocida bacteremia should be included in the differential diagnosis of febrile cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices who have a history of non-bite animal exposure. Avoidance of animal contact by immunocompromised patients is the most important factor in preventing pasteurellosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Facultative Pasteurella ophthalmitis in Hooded Lister rats.

Hooded Lister rats were found to exhibit symptoms of Mycoplasma pulmonis infection. During the course of this chronic respiratory disease they developed ophthalmia and conjunctivitis which proved to be an opportunist infection with Pasteurella multocida. The severity of disease varied in individual rats, newborn rats entirely escaping infection. All cases responded to treatment with appropriate topical antibiotic and no sequelae were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Pasteurella haemolytica: immunofluorescent and electron microscopic studies.

Colostrum-deprived lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Pasteurella haemolytica, or RSV and P haemolytica. Multiple tissues were examined by immunofluorescence to localize viral and bacterial antigens, and lungs were examined by electron microscopy for cytopathologic changes. Using immunofluorescence, viral antigen was detected only in the respiratory tract, mainly in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and in the alveolar wall. Lesser amounts of viral antigen were detected in the surface epithelium of the nasal turbinates and trachea. Bacterial antigen was not detected. Ultrastructurally, the lambs inoculated with P haemolytica or with RSV and P haemolytica had increased numbers of type II pneumocytes, necrotic epithelial cells, neutrophils, and macrophages and excessive cellular debris in multiple foci in the lungs. Bacterial were seen only infrequently; they were within phagocytic vacuoles of neutrophils and macrophages and were free within pulmonary septa. In lambs inoculated with RSV or with RSV and P haemolytica, cells in the epithelium were multinucleated. Viral buds were seen on cytoplasmic membranes of ciliated and nonciliated cells of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. Isolated epithelial cells were necrotic. Viral nucleoprotein was prevalent in a few alveoli, free or within vacuoles of phagocytic cells. Necrotic debris and phagocytic cells were more prominent in the alveoli of lambs inoculated with RSV and P haemolytica than in those of lambs inoculated with either agent alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Pasteurella haemolytica: pathologic studies.

Nineteen 4-week-old, colostrum-deprived lambs were transtracheally inoculated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Pasteurella haemolytica biotype A serotype 1, or RSV and P haemolytica. Pneumonic lesions were more frequent, more extensive, and more severe in lambs inoculated with RSV and P haemolytica than in lambs inoculated with either agent alone. Lesions were seen in 2 of 4 lambs inoculated with P haemolytica alone, in 3 of 4 lambs inoculated with RSV alone, and in 11 of 11 lambs inoculated with RSV and P haemolytica. Grossly, lambs given P haemolytica alone had fibrinous pleuritis and pneumonic lesions with hemorrhagic and necrotic centers which involved approximately 14% of the lung surface. Lambs inoculated with RSV alone had multifocal areas of consolidation and hemorrhage that involved 5% of the lung surface. Lambs in 2 groups inoculated with RSV and P haemolytica had lesions characteristic of both agents over 15% to 21% of the lung surface. Histologically, P haemolytica alone caused acute fibrinous pneumonia with necrosis of the lung parenchyma and fibrinous pleuritis; RSV alone caused interstitial pneumonitis, bronchiolitis, and hemorrhage. In combination, the agents caused interstitial pneumonitis and severe exudative pneumonia with focal necrosis and hemorrhage. Lesions seen in lambs given RSV and P haemolytica or in lambs given P haemolytica alone were grossly and histologically similar to those seen in naturally occurring cases of acute pneumonic pasteurellosis. Seemingly, the virus caused a lesion that compromised the lungs and thus permitted P haemolytica to become established and to produce a more severe pneumonic lesion than it could produce alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Experimental infection of lambs with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Pasteurella haemolytica: clinical and microbiologic studies.

Four-week-old lambs were inoculated transtracheally with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Pasteurella haemolytica, or RSV and P haemolytica. When given in combination, RSV administration preceded P haemolytica by 3 or 5 days. Lambs inoculated with P haemolytica or RSV developed a mild respiratory tract disease accompanied by a transient pyrexia in a few lambs. By 24 hours after inoculation of bacteria, all lambs inoculated with RSV and P haemolytica were listless, reluctant to move, and exhibited hyperpnea and dyspnea. Most lambs had pyrexia and a few coughed and had serous nasal discharge. These clinical signs persisted for 3 to 4 days and were more pronounced in those inoculated with P haemolytica 5 days after RSV than in those inoculated with P haemolytica 3 days after RSV. Respiratory syncytial virus was isolated from 8 of 15 inoculated lambs and P haemolytica was isolated from 12 of 15 inoculated lambs. All lambs responded serologically to RSV, but none responded to P haemolytica.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The pulmonary clearance of Pasteurella hemolytica in calves infected with bovine parainfluenza-3 virus.

The purpose of this study was to determine if parainfluenza-3 virus in calves interfered with normal pulmonary bacterial clearance. Three groups (A, B and C) of four calves each were exposed to an aerosol of parainfluenza-3 virus. Three days later the four hour pulmonary clearance of Pasteurella hemolytica was determined on the first group (A), seven days later on the second (B) and 11 days later on the third (C). Group A had a mean pulmonary bacterial retention of 3.6 +/- 3.5%. Group B was 83.1 +/- 35.9% and Group C was 41.2 +/- 30.9%. The results demonstrate that parainfluenza-3 virus interfered with the pulmonary bacterial clearance of Pasteurella hemolytica particularly on day 7 and also on day 11 but not on day 3. This inhibition of pulmonary clearance caused by the virus may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis. Histological examination of the lungs did not demonstrate a correlation between pulmonary retention of bacteria and the development of pathological changes.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Pasteurella canis osteomyelitis and cutaneous abscess after a domestic dog bite.

The genus Pasteurella is part of the normal oral flora of many animals, including domestic cats and dogs. In humans, Pasteurella may cause complications ranging from cellulitis to septicemia but rarely causes osteomyelitis or septic arthritis after bites and/or scratches by cats and dogs. Although Pasteurella multocida is a common cause of infection, other Pasteurella species have also been cultured from wounds in humans. We describe here, a case of a cutaneous abscess and acute osteomyelitis associated with P canis after a domestic dog bite. To our knowledge, no previous case of P canis has been reported as the cause of acute osteomyelitis in humans.

Abscess↗
PubMed2002

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) coinfections in US field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS).

The prevalence of different pathogens detected in combination with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) was studied retrospectively in field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) diagnosed at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, between January 2000, and September 2001. The presence of PCV-2 antigen in lymphoid tissues and/or lung, demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, together with moderate to severe lymphoid depletion and/or granulomatous lymphadenitis, was used as the criteria for the diagnosis of PMWS. A total of 484 cases fulfilled these criteria. Most of the cases (294/369) of PMWS occurred in pigs between the ages of 8 and 18 weeks, with a peak at 10 weeks of age. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was detected in 51.9% of the cases, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in 35.5%, bacterial septicemia in 14.0%, bacterial pneumonia in 7.6%, swine influenza virus in 5.4%, and PCV-2 alone in 1.9%. In cases with bacterial septicemia the most frequently isolated pathogen was Streptococcus suis. In cases with bacterial pneumonia, Pasteurella multocida was the most prevalent.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

An outbreak of fowl cholera in waterfowl on the Chesapeake Bay.

An outbreak of fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida infection) occurred in waterfowl wintering on the Chesapeake Bay during February to March 1970. Losses were primarily confined to sea ducks: oldsquaws (Clangula hyemalis), white-winged scoters (Melanitta deglandi), goldeneyes (Bucephala clangula), and buffleheads (Bucephala albeola).

Animals↗