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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Data exchange in the European pharmacovigilance.

Recent research work on feasible solutions for electronic data exchanges in the european pharmacovigilance domain (EPhV) has facilitated a better understanding on strategic and operational factors inherent to such a class of transnational vigilance information systems. Most of the material presented here has resulted from the CARE-Pharmacovigilance Pilot project of the ENS-Telematics Programme, and from other subsequent research activities like the IDA feasibility study and the TEDIS-EuroSCape project. Attention has been paid to design principles and features of a communication scheme that must be used to support cooperative problem solving within a network of loosely connected autonomous and hetereogeneous agents. Experience confirmed two key-success factors: a) the users leading role, and b) the Pilot approach putting the focus on standardized electronic data interchange for communicating existing different local systems.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed2005

Evaluating the acceptability and feasibility of the I Promise Program: a driving program for families with young new drivers.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the I Promise Program (IPP), a driving program developed for families with young new drivers (YNDs). DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS: The IPP consists of a contract between parents and YNDs and a rear window decal (sticker). Program acceptability was assessed through four focus groups with 40 young new drivers (YND), two with 19 parents of YNDs, and two with 15 community members. To determine whether the program's design, materials, and procedures were working as planned, 51 families participated in a six month pilot project. Telephone and in-person interviews were conducted at months 1 and 6, respectively. RESULTS: Participants had problems with the acceptability of the program's underlying message; content, format, and language of the materials; program cost; and proposed participant incentives. Thirty eight (75%) families completed the six month pilot. Most YNDs (75%) and parents (85%) identified the contract as a useful communication tool. Despite positive initial reactions, 50% of YNDs did not recall the content of the contract after six months. Sixty eight percent of families had problems with the decal (for example, did not stay affixed, colors faded) and only 17% of YNDs reported a lasting impact on their driving. Only 20% of families chose to continue in the program after the pilot. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the importance of formative and process evaluation in the development of a new prevention strategy to assess a strategy's acceptability and feasibility. In response to participants' feedback, revisions made to the program's materials and delivery model included making its two key components-the contract and decal-available online, independent of each other, and free of charge.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1988

No-shows at a community mental health clinic: a pilot study.

Potential patients who do not show up for their first appointments at a mental health clinic represent a puzzling and important phenomenon. When the setting, as in this study, is a multi-ethnic community, the psychosocial determinants for such behaviour are complex indeed. The author presents preliminary data relating clinic no-show rate to the variables of age, sex, presenting problem, and referral source. From the patterns which emerge from the data, certain possible explanations and tentative hypotheses are discussed in relation to previous reports in the literature. Some practical, clinical implications of these findings are considered. The results of this pilot project indicate some directions for future investigation in this area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Patient outcomes beyond hospitalization: carotid endarterectomy surgical patient outcomes after a rapid recovery program.

Improved surgical techniques for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) surgical patients have resulted in improved postoperative hemodynamic stability of patients and reduced lengths of hospitalization. The purpose of this pilot project was to determine CEA patient outcomes after a rapid recovery hospitalization program. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled in the study and contacted at 1 month after CEA surgery to examine carotid occlusive disease clinical symptoms, functional status, atherosclerotic disease risk-factor reduction, and patient satisfaction. Findings of the pilot study demonstrated that CEA surgical patients were able to resume physical and psychosocial functioning by 1 month after surgery at levels comparable to preoperative functioning. Subjects reported relief of carotid artery occlusive disease symptoms and reported high levels of independent functioning and satisfaction with CEA surgery. Men in the study had significantly higher levels of reported independence in functioning compared with the women, using a "0" to "10" scale to rate level of functioning independence. Findings from the pilot study will be used to develop an early recovery and atherosclerotic disease risk-factor modification program for CEA surgical patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Disease management: from sand table exercise to local achievement.

Presents an outline of a local pilot project on disease management in Ollerton, Nottinghamshire, UK. Disease management has been a staff college exercise at a national level: the alliance for health in Ollerton involved a purchaser, an acute trust and a practice. Secondary care expertise was used earlier in the disease process to identify patients and to treat them with a more continuous care programme. Disease management began with gastric illness--in examination, review and treatment for H Pylori eradication; extensions are planned to glaucoma and epilepsy. The project involved co-ordinated investment in building extensions, staff skills and records.

Asthma↗
PubMed2005

Hablamos Español: crossing communication barriers with the Latino population.

This article outlines the retrospective study of a pilot project to teach Spanish phrases related to health care to students of an associate degree nursing program. This project was initiated in response to the documented increase in the Latino population in upstate South Carolina. In the decade from 1990 to 2000, four counties in this region documented increases in the Latino population at greater than 60%. The nursing faculty began teaching simple Spanish phrases prior to each lecture and provided opportunities for students to earn extra credit points on unit examinations for correct translations. The planning and implementation process is described, and descriptive statistics are documented to provide a basic evaluation of success rates for the participating students. The focus of this project was to facilitate communication with Latino clients by teaching students common phrases and simple questions in the Spanish language.

Communication Barriers↗
PubMed1991

Home care for HIV disease: a community-based model.

In an effort to better meet the needs of the largest populations of HIV-infected individuals in the country, California instituted a state-funded home care pilot project that provides cost-effective care in a comforting and familiar setting.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

Clinical priorities. Points make prizes.

Assessing patients for non-urgent surgery according to a numeric priority system has rationalised waiting times in three specialties in a pilot project. Traditional scoring systems result in little relation between urgency and waiting times. Enlisting doctors' support for a scoring system takes time.

Elective Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1991

Update: surveillance of outbreaks--United States, 1990.

Although disease outbreaks are often preventable public health problems, no uniform national system exists in the United States for surveillance of outbreaks. In 1988, CDC's Epidemiology Program Office participated with the epidemiology programs in four states (Maryland, New York, Oklahoma, and Washington) in a 5-month trial of an electronic system for the timely surveillance of outbreaks (1). This report updates the initial trial by summarizing a pilot project of surveillance of outbreaks in nine states--Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, and Washington.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

Reproductive tract infections--and associated difficulties.

In addition to financial constraints there are significant social, educational, moral and religious barriers to the prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections in rural India. A pilot project aimed at achieving progress in this field is reported below.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Linking young and old institutionalized people.

A proprietary nursing home for the elderly in the State of North Carolina succeeded in pairing itself for joint activities of residents with an institution for the young mentally retarded. The young and old residents of the two homes were thus enabled to help each other, and thereby to help themselves as well. For the nursing home residents, this program provided an opportunity to engage in respected volunteer work and to regain a meaningful role in the community. It is believed that indications drawn from this demonstration of interaction between a nursing home and a home for the mentally retarded can aid in farther planning of such arrangements and in identifying research needs and potentials. Although only relatively few of the mildly impaired elderly in the nursing home volunteered for the joint activity, the ripple effect of the project extended beyond the direct participants. Since residents of the two institutions alternated visits, nonparticipants had a chance to observe and even participate in the activities for short periods. Even those who chose not to participate at all shared in the enriched conversation that resulted from this experience. The project was obviously a source of satisfaction and pride to residents of the nursing home, and the activity was eagerly received by the mentally retarded youngsters. The program demonstrates that aged persons in nursing homes can be tapped as a resource for providing service to institutionalized mentally retarded children and that a mutually beneficial relationship between the two institutions can accompany such service. Many leads for worthwhile research emerge from this pilot project.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Re-examining the evaluation of interprofessional education for community mental health teams with a different lens: understanding presage, process and product factors.

This paper revisits the formative evaluation of a pilot project that offered in-service interprofessional education (IPE), which is designed to enhance the collaborative practice, to two UK community mental health teams (CMHTs). While the IPE was well received and resulted in some improvements in team functioning, wider successes were elusive. Specifically, collaborative action plans were not implemented, and the pilot programme was ultimately not rolled out to other CMHTs. The purpose of this paper is to test the usefulness of the presage-process-product (3P) framework for analysis as a means to untangle the complex web of factors that promoted and inhibited success in this initiative. The framework, which captures key features of the initiative as a dynamic system, proved effective, yielding new insights, making connections clearer and highlighting the critical importance of presage. We argue that use of the 3P model during the development of in-service IPE could ensure that planning oversights are minimized, thereby improving outcomes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Co-production dynamics and time dollar programs in community-based child welfare initiatives for hard-to-serve youth and families.

Hard-to-serve youth and families residing in high-poverty communities often have multiple, interlocking needs. These needs necessitate complex service models. The complex model described in this article combines a unique approach to wraparound services with a coproduction framework and related theories. The model aims to improve outcomes for vulnerable youth and their families, simultaneously strengthening communities by employing residents and engaging participants in community service. Examples derived from current pilot projects illustrate co-production's importance for other child welfare initiatives.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Teaching medical gerontology: utilization of a psychiatry consultation program.

This is a report of a pilot project designed to explore the feasibility of using the clinical Adult Service Psychiatry Consultation-Liaison Program at the University of Michigan as the locus for teaching medical gerontology to psychiatric and medical/surgical house officers and medical students. The goals, general techniques, educational content, and implementation procedures are described. Evidence was obtained that teaching medical gerontology through the program is both feasible and effective. Since a nonphysician gerontologist implemented the clinically based teaching program, the project is an example of the possibilities inherent in a multidisciplinary clinical teaching program.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Integrating patient care delivery.

Concepts of coordinated care, case management, and continuous quality improvement were applied by a medical center nursing service to improve continuity and coordination of patient care between inpatient and outpatient programs. Quality and cost outcomes are presented for a pilot project with a total hip replacement population.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1999

High cure rates in smear-positive tuberculosis patients using ambulatory treatment with once-weekly supervision during the intensive phase in Sulawesi, Republic of Indonesia.

SETTING: The four provinces of Sulawesi, Republic of Indonesia. OBJECTIVE: Treatment of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients using ambulatory treatment with supervision once weekly during the intensive phase and once fortnightly during the continuation phase. DESIGN: Pilot projects with gradual expansion of activities according to defined quantitative criteria. RESULTS: During the period January 1993-December 1997, 11,879 new smear-positive and 320 smear-positive previously treated patients, of whom 259 were relapses, were placed on short-course chemotherapy. At the end of the intensive phase, 87.5% of new patients and 80.0% of retreatment patients had become sputum smear-negative. During the period January 1993-December 1996, of 7,251 new smear-positive patients placed on treatment 85.2% were cured and an additional 7.9% had completed treatment, giving a total success rate of 93.1%. For 239 patients placed on retreatment the total success rate was 86.6%. CONCLUSION: The treatment results show that the policy introduced in Sulawesi is effective. In two provinces priority will now be given to increasing case detection, while in the other two provinces the emphasis will be on reaching full coverage. The reasons for the success of the projects are discussed, as are the prerequisites for introducing the policy in other areas.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of a primary care intervention to decrease oral antibiotics for acute upper respiratory tract infections: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance in common respiratory tract pathogens is a growing public health threat, especially in the southeastern United States. The excessive use of antibiotics for common infections is a major contributing factor in the emergence of antibiotic resistance. We report results from a multi-site outpatient pilot project in North Carolina to reduce antibiotic prescriptions for acute nonbacterial upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). METHODS: Primary care practices were provided education and symptom therapy kits for patients with URIs, as an alternative to antibiotics, in a project to reduce the overuse of antimicrobial therapy The feasibility of this approach was evaluated with interviews and surveys. A methodology for claims-based evaluation of intervention efficacy in reduction of antibiotics use was developed as part of this project. RESULTS: Of eight contacted practices, four agreed to participate and three participated fully. Physicians reported that symptom therapy kits were useful for patients with URIs and resulted in a meaningful change in antibiotic prescribing behaviors. A claims-based approach is a feasible and promising method to evaluate efficacy in subsequent post-pilot large-scale implementations. LIMITATIONS: Due to the small number of outpatient practices and the lack of controls in this pilot study, the efficacy of the intervention in reducing antibiotic use could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS: Education combined with symptom therapy kits as an alternative to oral antibiotics is a feasible intervention that warrants additional studies to evaluate the efficacy of this approach in the reduction of antibiotic use for URIs.

Administration, Oral↗