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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Retinal detachment following neodymium-YAG laser capsulotomy.

Five patients developed retinal detachments within one month of undergoing neodymium-YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. In four patients rhegmatogenous retinal detachments developed in association with typical aphakic breaks; in the fifth patient a previously stable extramacular traction detachment extended into the fovea. In all five patients scleral buckling or vitrectomy successfully reattached the retina and visual acuity improved. None of the findings associated with the detachments could be definitely attributed to the YAG laser. These included the lack of structural or positional changes in the vitreous as well as the absence of retinal damage. We were unable to learn the specific settings used for each laser but were told that the minimum energy levels needed to produce a capsulotomy were used.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Vitrectomy in the treatment of simple retinal detachment].

PURPOSE: To report the indications and results of vitrectomy in the treatment of uncomplicated retinal detachment. METHODS: This retrospective study covered 103 vitrectomies that were carried out during an 8-year period for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment without severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy, macular hole, or giant tear. Mean follow-up time was 20.3 months. RESULTS: The indications for vitrectomy were vitreal opacities in 32 cases, unseen or uncertain retinal breaks despite a good retinal view in 9 cases, a difficult arrangement of breaks in 34 cases, severe vitreal traction in 15 cases, and iatrogenic intraocular bleeding in 13 cases, 6 of them referred. In all, retinal breaks were uncertain or invisible in 49 cases. A buckle was used in 83 cases and an internal tamponade in 93. After vitrectomy, the retina was reattached in 76 cases, and after further surgery in 88 (85.4%). With vitrectomy, we were able to confirm or to detect all breaks in 36 cases. Of the 13 intraoperatively unseen breaks, 10 were responsible for vitrectomy failure. Late recurrence after more than 6 months was observed in 5 cases (4.9%). Secondary cataract was observed in 22 (66.6%) of the 33 phakic cases that had been operated on successfully and without complication. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that vitrectomy is a useful procedure in the management of certain cases of uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. However, secondary cataract is a problem, and the risk of late recurrence needs further evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Preservation of anterior capsule during vitrectomy and lensectomy for retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

PURPOSE: To report a series of 15 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) or at high risk for advanced PVR, which underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and lensectomy (PPL) with preservation of the anterior capsule. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen consecutive patients with retinal detachment and varying degrees of PVR in one eye. METHODS: All eyes had undergone PPV and PPL with preservation and polishing of the anterior capsule and had at least 6 months of follow-up. Of the 15 eyes, grade C PVR was present preoperatively in 11 and was anterior in 5. Seven of 15 eyes had gas and 8 of 15 had silicone oil tamponade. Eight of 15 eyes had subsequent posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) placement; 5 eyes had simultaneous silicone oil removal. One eye had a PCIOL placed at the time of the PPL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, retinal reattachment, complications of gas or silicone oil tamponade, and anterior capsular clarity. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes had complete retinal reattachment at the final visit (1 of 15 had macular redetachment only). Final visual acuity was better or equal to preoperative acuity in all eyes, improving by 4 +/- 4 lines overall. No eyes had corneal decompensation, pupillary block, or other vision-threatening anterior segment complication. The anterior capsule remained centrally clear in the 13 eyes that did not have a primary central capsulotomy. One eye with minimal preoperative PVR developed hypotony. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal surgeons can preserve the anterior capsule in eyes with retinal detachment and PVR to help prevent intraoperative and postoperative complications of gas or silicone oil, simplify future PCIOL placement, and maintain a normal iris appearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Seasonal variation and incidence].

UNLABELLED: Seasonal variations in the relative incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were reported as a trend in several studies on the database of relatively limited cohort sizes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An analysis on this topic was performed with a long-term database. A total of 3073 files of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, covering 11 years of observation, were reviewed for this study. Patients with signs of long-standing detachment or other predisposing diseases were excluded, so that a basic study population of 2314 patients remained for the analysis. RESULTS: The averaged seasonal incidence of rhegmatogenous detachments revealed a significant (P < 0.005) mid-summer peak (n in July = 228) and a winter trough (mean of December-January = 161; difference = 36%). Phase and curve fitting of the seasonal variations in the number of retina detachment cases was similar to the seasonal variation of the astronomic duration of the day (P < 0.001). The relation was closer compared to the average duration of light exposure per day calculated from behavioural data and the astronomic length of light phase (P < 0.0002). CONCLUSION: This long-time study revealed a close correlation of the relative seasonal incidence of retinal detachment and the seasonal variation of light hours per day. So far, this observations cannot be explained pathogenetically. Two basic hypotheses ought to be investigated further: (1) The influence of light on the generation of toxic oxygen radicals and the subsequent destruction of the vitreous and (2) possible light-induced changes in vitreoretinal adhesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Turner's syndrome associated with bilateral retinal detachments.

PURPOSE: To report a case of Turner's syndrome associated with bilateral funnel-shaped retinal detachments. METHODS: We examined a 2-month-old female infant with Turner's syndrome who was referred with a diagnosis of bilateral leukocoria. RESULTS: Clinical examination showed bilateral funnel-shaped retinal detachments resembling stage V retinopathy of prematurity. CONCLUSION: Bilateral retinal detachments should be added to the list of ocular findings in Turner's syndrome. Patients with Turner's syndrome need early ophthalmologic examinations not only to treat common strabismus abnormalities but also to diagnose and treat posterior segment abnormalities.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1996

Primary vitrectomy without scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

BACKGROUND: Pars planta vitrectomy has evolved as an alternative method in the treatment of more complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. We report a series of patients who underwent primary vitrectomy with gas tamponade without the use of additional scleral buckling. METHODS: A retrospective study of 53 patients with a follow-up of 6-45 months (mean 17.8 months) was carried out. Preoperative findings included unusual, multiple or large breaks, vitreous haemorrhage, proliferative vitreoretinopathy and bullous retinal detachment. Preoperative visual acuity was between light perception and 1.0, with 30% (16/53) of patients with 0.4 or better. RESULTS: Retinal reattachment was achieved in 64% of cases (34/53) with one and in 92% (49/53) with one or more operations. Final visual acuity was between light perception and 1.0, with 41% (22/53) of patients with 0.4 or better. Cataract formation occurred in 86% (37/43) of all patients with a clear lens preoperatively. Macular pucker was noted in 11% (6/53) and postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy causing redetachment in 6% (3/53). CONCLUSION: With primary vitrectomy, a high final anatomical success rate with few intraoperative complications can be achieved in more complicated forms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The major drawback of the procedure is the high incidence of post-operative cataract formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Retinal detachment in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Treatment by pars plana vitrectomy].

UNLABELLED: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is an hereditary connective tissue disorder caused by defective collagen synthesis, the main features being hyperelasticity and vulnerability of the skin, recurrent bleeding from fragile blood vessels, and secondary deformities of the joints. Ocular involvement is a rare occurrence, e.g., corneal and scleral rupture from minor blunt injury, lens displacement, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. To date, few reports exist concerning the treatment of retinal detachment in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, all of them dealing exclusively with conventional scleral buckling surgery. PATIENT AND METHODS: We report on a 47-year-old male patient suffering from EDS type VI (so-called ocular type, lysine-hydroxylase deficiency). He presented with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in his only eye. A scleral buckling procedure was not feasible because of marked scleral atrophy. A three-port vitrectomy was therefore carried out. RESULTS: During the operation, pronounced choroidal detachment and bleeding developed, subsiding within weeks postoperatively. Closure of the sclerotomies was difficult due to scleral thinning. Two revitrectomies were necessary because anterior PVR with traction retinal detachment occurred. The last revitrectomy was performed 18 months ago, and the retina has been completely reattached under 5000 cs silicone oil since then. Visual acuity is 0.1. CONCLUSION: Primary vitrectomy permits successful treatment of retinal detachment in EDS patients if a buckling procedure cannot be performed because of scleral atrophy. However, serious complications may occur. Surgical procedures other than primary vitrectomy should therefore always be carefully considered, e.g., pneumatic retinopexy, temporary balloon, dura patch with episcleral pocket.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lincoff temporary balloon buckle in retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To assess the long-term anatomical and functional results of balloon buckle surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five selected detachments with a single break or a group of breaks close together were treated with a temporary parabulbar balloon. Adhesion was obtained with transconjunctival cryopexy and argon laser photocoagulation. Retinal detachment was associated with the following risk factors: myopia (15 eyes), aphakia (2 eyes), blunt trauma (1 eye). Twenty-three eyes had a detached macula. The balloon was withdrawn after one week. The patients were kept under observation for at least six months (mean 44.7 months). RESULTS: Initial retinal attachment was achieved in 29 eyes. After the balloon was removed redetachment occurred in two eyes; thus, complete attachment was attained in 27 eyes. Causes of failure were: undetected break (2 eyes), inadequate buckle (4 eyes), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (2 eyes). Conventional scleral buckling and subretinal fluid drainage was done in all failed cases. Vitrectomy and silicone oil were employed in one patient, and finally retinal attachment was achieved in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Temporary balloon buckling is a simple and curative technique for a selected group of patients with retinal detachments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

A case of Kniest dysplasia with retinal detachment and the mutation analysis.

PURPOSE: To report a case of Kniest dysplasia with retinal detachment associated with a novel type II collagen gene (COL2A1) mutation. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: DNA was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes, and mutational analysis was carried out using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. RESULTS: A 14-year-old Japanese boy was diagnosed with Kniest dysplasia, and ophthalmic examination revealed a retinal detachment in the right eye. He was successfully treated by vitrectomy and silicon oil injection, and his visual acuity improved from 0.01 to 0.22. DNA analysis of COL2A1 revealed a single base-pair substitution at position +5 of intron 20. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy and silicon oil injection were effective in reattaching the retinal detachment in a Kniest dysplasia patient. The genetic alteration found in this patient suggested that this prevented the normal splicing of COL2A1, resulting in an abnormal type II collagen product.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Central corneal thickness in patients with retinal detachment.

Central corneal thickness was measured in 20 patients with retinal detachment and in an age-matched control group. Central corneal thickness was significantly lower in the detachment eye and the contralateral eye. It is hypothetically suggested that the thin central cornea and the retinal detachment are ocular manifestations on a generalized connective tissue defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pseudophakic retinal detachment.

We reviewed 165 cases of non-referred pseudophakic retinal detachment. Fifty-three eyes (32%) had sustained significant complications due to cataract surgery prior to retinal detachment; 45 eyes (27%) presented with grade B, C or D proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The overall reattachment rate was 84%. This was significantly higher in the posterior chamber lens group than in the iris-fixated lens or anterior chamber lens groups (93 vs. 69 and 81%). Our data show that uneventful extracapsular cataract extraction plus posterior chamber lens implantation offers the best chance of successful detachment surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Surgical management of retinal detachment without cryopexy.

A clinical study of eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment compared the reattachment rate in two groups of eyes: in the control group, cryopexy was applied over the retinal breaks during surgery; in the test group, cryopexy was not applied. There was a similar rate of retinal reattachment in the two groups in the immediate postoperative period. However, during the long follow-up period (36 months) there was a considerable difference in the two groups. Eyes that had undergone cryopexy had a lower rate of redetachment than eyes that had not. The rate of operative and postoperative complications was low in both groups, except for periretinal proliferation, which was more frequent in the test group. These results suggest that cryopexy may lower the incidence of redetachment after retinal detachment surgery.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed2005

[The pilot study of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency and safety of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treatment of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment. METHODS: 13 the patients (13 eyes) of retinal detachment with choroidal detachment were chosen and triamcinolone acetonide 0.1 ml (4 mg) were administrated via intravitreal injection through pars plana. The therapeutic effects on uveitis and choroidal detachment was analyzed. The retinal reattachment surgery was performed five to ten days after the injection. RESULTS: all 13 patients receiving triamcinolone acetonide demonstrated alleviated uveitis to some degree. The rate of retinal holes detection increased from 2/13 pre-injection to 7/13 post-operation. Choroidal detachment disappeared in most of cases within 10 days triamcinolone acetonide injection. Five eyes underwent scleral buckling, 6 eyes underwent with vitrectomy, and 2 patients abandoned surgery. The average follow up after surgery was 4 and half months. All eyes received with triamcinolone acetonide injection and surgery had retinal reattached successfully and no side effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide was an effective and safe method to treat choroidal detachment and alleviate uveitis. The injection simplified surgery procedure and improve the success rate of retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Retinal detachment in axial myopia.

A retrospective review of the complications of extracapsular cataract extraction in 127 cases followed between August 1980 and February 1985 is presented. The incidence of retinal detachment in eyes with axial length greater than 25.00 mm was found to be 9.59%, while no detachments occurred in eyes less than 25.00 mm. All of the patients with detached lenses were male. Extracapsular cataract extraction, an intact capsule, and placement of a posterior chamber lens do not prevent retinal detachment. A male with an axial length greater than 25.00 mm is more predisposed to develop a retinal detachment following cataract extraction and should therefore be counseled regarding the symptoms of retinal detachment and followed with careful ophthalmoscopy.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1993

[Retinal detachment in children].

During the period January 1985-June 1990, 333 cases of retinal detachment were operated. Thirty cases (9%) were children aged between 5 to 15 years. Retinal detachment was due to developmental abnormalities: myopia, retinoschisis, inherited cataract and glaucoma in 71.4%. Ocular trauma was found in 28.5%. Peripheral vitreoretinal degenerations were found in 82.8%. Reattachment of the retina was achieved in 77.1% of cases. Best visual acuity was 0.4 or better in 40.7% of eyes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Causative factors of retinal detachment in macular holes.

Two hundred nine macular holes of both pathologic myopia and idiopathic senile type were statistically analyzed to find out which factors cause retinal detachment in eyes with macular holes. The incidences of retinal detachment were as follows: 97.6% in myopia over -8.25 D, 67.7% in myopia between -8.0 and -3.25 D, and 1.1% in eyes under -3.0 D; 100% in widespread chorioretinal atrophy, 90.6% in spotty or lineal chorioretinal atrophy, 64.3% in myopic tigroid fundus, and 0% in eyes without myopic tigroid or atrophy; 96.0% in eyes with posterior staphyloma and 8.2% in eyes without it; 56.4% in posterior vitreous detachment [PVD] (+) eyes, 53.3% in PVD(+/-) eyes, and 51.9% in PVD(-) eyes. The statistically significant (P less than 0.05) factors that caused retinal detachment were refractive error, myopic chorioretinal change, and posterior staphyloma. There was no statistically significant difference regarding PVD.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1996

Retrospective survey of surgical outcomes on rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with atopic dermatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical features and surgical outcomes of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: One hundred twenty-one eyes of 98 patients with atopic dermatitis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were surgically treated and followed up for 1 year or longer. Fundus examination data on retinal breaks and detachment, and follow-up data on anatomic reattachment were obtained and compared between phakic and aphakic eyes using the chi 2 test. RESULTS: Breaks were often multiple and located at the ora serrata (72%) and in the ciliary epithelium (15%). Irregularly shaped breaks (13.5%) and giant breaks (16%) also were seen. Most detachments (71%) were localized and shallow. No significant difference was identified with or without a history of cataract surgery. The prognosis after the initial surgery (reattachment rate, 72%) was unfavorable because of new break formation, but the results of reoperation (reattachment rate, 93%) were as successful. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with atopic dermatitis may have an abnormality in the anterior retina and ciliary epithelium that predisposes to retinal detachment. Findings suggest a possible traumatic trigger and the need to perform an encircling scleral buckle procedure with widespread retinopexy initially in these patients.

Adolescent↗