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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Extrusion of root-filled incisors in beagles--a light microscope and scanning electron microscope investigation.

The response of the periodontal ligament to orthodontic extrusion of the incisor of a beagle was examined with light microscope and scanning electron microscope techniques. The ligament morphology was slightly altered by the procedure but was essentially normal. Teeth that were extruded and retained for 12 weeks exhibited partial relapse. Where a full thickness mucogingival flap was raised and immediately replaced in lieu of retention, continued extrusion was observed. Root resorption was observed at the interproximal region of the cervical third in three out of five specimens. The resorption had been repaired with cellular cementum.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Management of interdental papillae loss with forced eruption, immediate implantation, and root-form pontic.

BACKGROUND: A 25-year-old Asian woman complained of an unesthetic black triangle between her upper right front teeth. Defective interdental papillae may result from external root resorption, which makes esthetic restoration more difficult. A combined use of forced eruption, immediate implant placement, and a root-form pontic made a successful esthetic and functional restoration. METHODS: The treatment sequences of this patient included short-term forced eruption, subsequent immediate implant placement after tooth extraction, and a provisional root-form pontic restoration. A final prosthesis was completed 6 months later, followed by clinical maintenance. RESULTS: Papillae were augmented by forced eruption. After immediate implantation and root-form pontic placement had been performed, the peri-implant soft and hard tissues were manipulated and maintained in a stable state. CONCLUSIONS: We successfully reconstructed the interdental papillae and replaced the deficient tooth with an immediate implantation. During 2 years of follow-up, the implant and peri-implant structures remained stable and healthy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of indomethacin on resorption and ankylosis in replanted teeth.

Indomethacin, a nonsteroidal, antiinflammatory analgesic, interferes with the action of prostaglandin synthetase such that osteoclastic activity is reduced. Encouraging results were obtained, pointing toward an improved long-term prognosis for replanted teeth, and as a possible solution to excessive root resorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

A retrospective clinical and radiologic study of teeth re-implanted following traumatic avulsion.

Re-implantation is the recommended therapeutic procedure following traumatic exarticulation of teeth though its long-term prognosis remains controversial. The purpose of the following study was to evaluate the periodontal healing of 33 reimplanted incisors lost after trauma. The sample, which included 24 upper and 9 lower incisors, was divided in two groups: 15 teeth were reimplanted within 1 hour (=Group A) and 21 teeth after 3 hours or more (=Group B). The reimplanted teeth were followed for different radiographic evaluation periods up to 5 years (mean=2-9 years). The results showed a high rate of periodontal healing in Group A (66.7%), while Group B demonstrated a high percentage (83.3%) of both inflammatory and replacement resorption. Thus, even if the whole sample was prevented from drying before reimplantation, the teeth were affected by different rates of root resorption. Among the various prognostic factors suggested by the literature, bacterial contamination during extra-alveolar storage seemed the most critical.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Adverse effects of orthodontic treatment].

The authors reviewed the adverse effects. The main effects are: demineralisation; gingivitis hyperplastica, mucogingival and marginal attachment bone loss, long-term-effects; pulp damage and devitalisation of teeth; apical and marginal root resorption; temporomandibular dysfunction.

Gingival Hyperplasia↗
PubMed1996

[Experimental study on the healing of immediate replanted tooth after using exogenous fibronectin].

The purpose of this article is to study the effect on the healing of immediate replanted teeth after the biological characters of roots were changed by using exogenous fibronectin (Fn). Two adult rhesus monkeys were chosen in the experiment. Upper-incisors of each monkey were extracted. The teeth of experimental group were extracted the roots treated by 0.5 mg/ml Fn solution and replanted immediately. The roots of another animal were used as controls. After operations, the experimental specimens of 4 weeks and 8 weeks were examed histologically by light microscope and studied quantitatively by computer image analysis system. The results reveal that Fn can enhance periodontal healing by improving periodontal reattachment and reducing root resorption of replanted tooth. Fn has also the function to reduce inflammatory reactions significantly during the healing process.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The fate of a mid-root fracture: a case report.

The present report describes a case of a mid-root fracture in a maxillary central incisor of a 19-year-old patient. The fractured tooth was splinted with composite that was removed only 3 years later, as the patient did not appear for follow-up examinations. At this time, the radiographs revealed a normal periodontal ligament, rounding of the borders of the fragments and pulp obliteration of both fragments. Eight years later, the tooth was clinically normal and blurred calcification of the root canal was disclosed radiographically. After 13.5 years the patient complained of tooth mobility and radiographic examination revealed an advanced cervical root resorption. As no conservative approach was possible at this stage, the patient was referred to a prosthodontist for esthetic rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A radiographic evaluation of the response of previously avulsed teeth and partially avulsed teeth to orthodontic movement.

Orthodontic movement, as documented in this study, can be accomplished successfully in the case of completely avulsed and partially avulsed teeth which have been reimplanted. These teeth respond to normal orthodontic forces and duration of treatment time by conventional orthodontic techniques and retention. Apical root resorption does occur more readily in these teeth before, during, and after orthodontic treatment. Six of the eighty-one involved teeth were lost because of complete root dissolution. The involved teeth which were reimplanted immediately without pulpal treatment and their integrity protected as living tissue were successfully treated orthodontically with no known losses as of this writing. It will be interesting to observe the tissue response of these avulsed teeth in the years ahead. How will time and circumstances deal with these teeth?

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Maxillary incisor root forms in orthodontic patients in Nairobi, Kenya.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, radiographically, the root forms of maxillary incisors in a sample of patients seeking orthodontic treatment in Nairobi, Kenya. DESIGN: A retrospective study of maxillary incisor root forms based on periapical radiographs. SETTING: A private dental clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 393 maxillary incisors in 100 consecutive subjects (51 boys, 49 girls) aged 9-24 years. Intra-oral periapical radiographs of the incisors were evaluated. An index was used to categorise the roots as follows: 0=normal, 1=short, 2=blunt, 3=apical bend, 4=pipette apex. RESULTS: Normal root form was recorded in 60%, short in 12.5%, blunt in 7%, apical bend in 13%, and pippete-apex in 7% of the roots. Sixty nine percent of the pippete-apex roots were in central incisors and 94% of the roots with apical bend were in lateral incisors. Seventy three percent of short roots were in females. CONCLUSION: Based on evidence from previous studies on risk of root resorption which indicates that pipette and blunt roots are the forms mostly involved in this phenomenon, the present data imply that about 14% of the roots may have been at risk of moderate to severe resorption during fixed orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of a traumatic tooth avulsion.

The traumatic avulsion of a tooth presents unique and challenging difficulties in patient management. The successful replantation of the avulsed tooth is influenced by many factors occurring from the moment of injury to the moment of replantation. Immediate and decisive treatment is essential in this time period to avoid subsequent inflammatory root resorption and ankylosis.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1996

The hyaline zone and associated root surface changes in experimental orthodontics in rats: a light and scanning electron microscope study.

Light and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations were used to study the hyaline zone and associated root resorption after orthodontic treatment of the upper first molars of rats. The orthodontic treatment consisted of a fixed buccal expansion appliance with an initial force of 250 mN. The animals were divided into nine experimental groups with orthodontic treatment and one control group without orthodontic treatment. Three groups were sacrificed immediately after 1, 3, and 7 days of treatment, and six groups after 7 days of treatment followed by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks without treatment. A hyaline zone on the pressure side of the mesial root was identified at the light microscopic level of examination as well as the SEM examination as early as 1 day after the initiation of treatment. In the SEM it was found that on the roots of teeth studied in the first few days after initiation of treatment the hyaline tissue was so firmly attached to the root that it remained in place during the extraction and preparation procedures. After longer treatment periods these hyaline zones were lost at extraction or during the preparation for the SEM examination. The cementum surface under the hyaline zone had a smooth appearance suggesting that the surface had been modified by substances released from the hyaline zone. After 1 week of treatment, resorption in the cementum could be noticed. The resorption extended to the dentine as uncovered dentinal tubuli were found. Formation of reparative cementum started two weeks after treatment. Changes in the cementum surface as well as root resorption cavities could be seen for as long as 6 weeks after the cessation of orthodontic treatment.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed2002

Influence of surgical repositioning of mature permanent dog teeth following experimental intrusion: a histologic assessment.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, through histologic examination, the effect of surgical repositioning of intruded dog teeth upon the pulpal and surrounding tissues. Thirty teeth in 10 adult dogs, aged 2-3 years, were used. Fifteen teeth were intruded, surgically repositioned and fixed using orthodontics wire, composite resin, and enamel acid conditioning. All these teeth served as the experimental group. The remaining intruded teeth were not treated (control group). The animals were sacrificed to allow observations at 7, 15, and 30 post-operative days. The maxillary and mandibular arches were removed and processed for histologic exam. Based on the methodology and observed results, we concluded that: pulpal necrosis, external root resorption and ankylosis were common sequelae to severe traumatic intrusion; a careful immediate surgical repositioning of severed intruded permanent tooth with complete root formation has many advantages with few disadvantages.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Placement of a porous membrane underneath the mucoperiosteal flap and its effect on periodontal wound healing in dogs.

This study was designed to investigate the healing of surgically induced, horizontal periodontal defects in dogs following placement of a biocompatible, porous polytetrafluorethylene membrane around the roots of the treated teeth and to compare the healing to that of control teeth without membrane. Mandibular premolar teeth of 5 beagle dogs were used for experimentation. Specimen blocks were removed 3 months postoperatively for histological evaluation of contralateral experimental and control teeth. Mean apical migration of junctional epithelium among the experimental surfaces amounted to 0.1 mm as compared to 1.3 mm for the control surfaces. Accordingly, the amount of connective tissue attachment, defined by the distance from the base of the junctional epithelium to the apical termination of root planing, was greater for experimental than for control surfaces. As this increased amount of connective tissue attachment was associated with more coronal bone apposition, a periodontal ligament space was more prevalent in experimental than in control surfaces. A limited amount of ankylosis was observed for both experimental and control surfaces. Root resorption was more prevalent in control than in experimental surfaces. Conceivable reasons for the differences in healing between experimental and control teeth are discussed.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2000

A prospective study of factors affecting survival of replanted permanent incisors in children.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with the onset of resorption in replanted avulsed permanent incisor teeth and to demonstrate their patterns of survival free of resorption. SETTING: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Belfast. DESIGN: Prospective recording of the timing of the injury and of replantation, the storage media, the degree of root development and contamination, and the completion of root treatment. Clinical and radiographic reviews at 3-month intervals. Root resorption classified as replacement and inflammatory. Logistic regression and survival curves with freedom from resorption as outcomes. RESULTS: In 50 avulsed incisors in children aged 6-16 years the best predictor of overall resorption was total time of dryness, and that for replacement resorption was total extra-oral time. The timing of detection of resorption varied from 102 days to 997 days. CONCLUSION: Both total extra-oral time and time stored dry are important factors for the onset of resorption in replanted avulsed teeth in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Radicular penetration of hydrogen peroxide during intra-coronal bleaching with various forms of sodium perborate.

The development of external cervical root resorption following internal bleaching of discoloured pulpless teeth is associated with the use of hydrogen peroxide. The aim of the study was to determine radicular penetration of hydrogen peroxide following intracoronal bleaching with various forms of sodium perborate. 63 extracted human incisors were root filled and stained artificially. Standardized cementum defects were created on the mesial and distal aspects of the root directly below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Using the walking bleach technique all teeth were bleached for a 6-day period, with replacement of the bleaching paste after days 1 and 3. Sodium perborate monohydrate (MH), trihydrate (TRH) or tetrahydrate (TH) was mixed with H2O2 or H2O and subsequently placed intracoronally 1 mm below the labial CEJ. The teeth were divided into six groups: I. MH + H2O2(30%) (n = 12); II. TRH + H2O2(30%) (n = 12); III. TH + H2O2(30%) (n = 12); IV. TH + H2O (n = 12); V. TH + H2O, gel (n = 12); VI. no bleaching paste (n = 3). At baseline and at days 1, 3 and 6 the amount of H2O2 taken up from the surrounding medium of each root was indirectly recorded and calculated as p.p.m. Almost all teeth of the experimental groups showed leakage of hydrogen peroxide compared to those of the control group. The radicular penetration of hydrogen peroxide was significantly higher in teeth of groups I and III than in those of groups IV and V (P < or = 0.001). In conclusion, the amount of hydrogen peroxide leakage depends, among other factors, on the form of sodium perborate used.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Borates↗
PubMed1978

Histologic study of tooth transplantation in the rabbit.

Tooth transplantation between preimmunized unrelated mismatched animals appears to induce the same immunologic problems that appear in the grafting of other organs. Such transplants showed more inflammatory root resorption and ankylosis and less reattachment of periodontal ligaments than did allografts between compatible animals. It appears that transferring the teeth to the similar side, suturing the gingival soft tissue around the teeth, splinting the transplanted teeth, and antibiotic therapy improve results by minimizing the effects of surgical procedures and trauma. Surgical trauma is confirmed as an important factor, along with immunogenetic differences between donor and recipient, in determining the outcome of tooth transplantation.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed2000

Delayed replantation of avulsed mature teeth with calcium hydroxide treatment.

Three avulsed teeth that were replanted and splinted after approximately a 200-min dry extraoral period in two patients are presented. In case 1 calcium hydroxide treatment was performed 1 month after replantation, because the patient did not come for endodontic treatment on the day after replantation as requested. In case 2, calcium hydroxide treatment was initiated on the day after replantation. Calcium hydroxide treatment was used to prevent or treat inflammatory root resorption. During the follow-up periods the teeth reported in these cases have remained in a stable, functional position and did not reveal clinical ankylosis or replacement resorption.

Calcium Hydroxide↗