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[Disturbance of dentoalveolar arch formation in the front part of the maxilla due to 11, 21 teeth retention. Treatment].

The cause of disturbance of dentoalveolar arch formation in the front part of the maxilla in one patient was the maxillary central incisors eruption delay due to retention of supernumerary teeth situated in the region of upper central incisors. A positive result of the treatment was achieved with the use of surgical and orthodontic methods. The distinctive feature of the orthodontic method was retained tooth displacement (by traction) into the dentition.

Child↗

Two unusual cases of dental (periapical) infection.

Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often a diagnostic challenge. A delay in correct diagnosis can result in inappropriate treatments. We describe two unusual cases of periapical infection. The first patient presented with a fistulized tumoral mass under the chin present for 1 year. The patient had only one tooth, and that was anatomically unrelated to the tumor. Radiological examination showed a dormant tooth that was infected periapically. The second case was a man who complained of asymmetry and change in his left nasolabial fold of 4-5 week's duration. On examination, the nasolabial folds were asymmetric without any sign of facial palsy. On intraoral examination, there was a severely decayed tooth on the same side. Radiological survey confirmed periapical infection. A few weeks after proper treatment, the nasolabial folds became symmetric.

Adult↗

[Dental delay and microdontia in children with somatotropin hormone deficiency].

The clinical effects of growth hormone deficiency on dental development were studied in 27 young people aged 3.5-17.5 years, suffering from pituitary dwarfism. They presented with either a late selective eruption of premolars whose roots appeared normal or partial eruption of the whole permanent dentition. Premolar crowns were statistically significantly smaller while the other teeth were of normal size. The hormonal deficiency produced a decrease in the level of circulating growth factors and especially of EGF which may explain the anomalies of eruption and dental morphogenesis.

Adolescent↗

[Ameloblastomas in the growth period--aspects of differential diagnosis and therapy].

This paper is focussed on problems associated with the histological evaluation of odontogenic tissues in the growth period. It is particularly parts of the dental lamina or harmless odontogenic tumors (e.g. ameloblastic fibromas) that can be mistaken for ameloblastomas. Since these false diagnoses may occur in growing patients, radical resections for treatment of ameloblastomas should only be performed after a second histological evaluation and when typical intraosseous lesions are present.

Adolescent↗

[The possibility of orthodontic therapy in transplanted teeth].

The paper reports four cases of tooth transplant: two teeth were transplanted once they were fully mature (completely formed roots) and two were transplanted as germs. Having documented the clinical and radiological recovery for all four teeth, orthodontic braces were applied for a variety of reasons. In the two cases of teeth transplanted once the roots had completely formed it was impossible to move the teeth, whereas in the case of the germ transplants the teeth were quickly moved to a correct occlusal position. On the basis of these different reactions, the author assesses the possibility of histological recovery of the tooth transplant. Repeated radiographic controls showed anomalies in radicular formation and of the camera pulposa. Lastly, the paper discusses the optimal time to transplant a tooth germ.

Child↗

[Alignment of malpositioned canines].

This article presents a system for aligning impacted canines. The base of this system is the lingual arch, a rigid reaction unit of four teeth, molars and premolars. From this base unit an impacted canine can be extruded, moved distally, jumped over the occlusion and derotated by segment arches, coil springs and elastic ligatures. The efficiency of this appliance is due to the elimination of undesired reactive forces, the safe moving of teeth, the possibility of an exact force application and the simple manipulation; also the esthetic inconvenience is minimal. All this results in a better prognosis and an essentially shorter treatment time. This appliance can be used in the upper and the lower jaw. Schematic drawings and clinical examples demonstrate this method.

Adolescent↗

[Extremely delayed mineralisation of a first premolar in conjunction with submerged deciduous molars--a case report].

This case report presents a patient with extremely delayed mineralisation of a first upper right premolar and simultaneously congenitally missing second premolars. While the germs of the first premolars are usually detectable on dental X-ray films at the age of three or four years, the demonstrated patient was older than 13 years when the first premolar became visible. As the right first bicuspid actively erupted normal root growth took place, and once the tooth is in its normal position its anatomy can be considered normal. With the eruption of the permanent tooth the periodontal situation improved considerably in the region where depression of its predecessor had taken place. As a practical clinical consequence one should take into consideration that mineralisation of a first premolar can be extremely delayed in cases with congenitally missing second premolar teeth.

Adult↗

[Therapeutic approaches for patients with cleidocranial dysostosis].

In three cases of c.c.d. it could be shown, that combined orthodontic and surgical treatment provided further possibilities for the treatment of severe problems in permanent dentitions as well as correcting extreme skeletal discrepancies of the facial skeleton in c.c.d. Well-scheduled removal of supernumerary teeth creates space for the spontaneous eruption of delayed teeth. By the use of carefully applied orthodontic forces, alignment of even extremely displaced teeth is shown to be possible. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that careful planning and realization of osteotomies in the midface can remarkably improve the facial appearance and the relationship of the jaws thus facilitating particularly future prosthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗

An adaptation of the Moyers mixed dentition space analysis for a Western Cape Caucasian population.

200 dental plaster casts of Western Cape Caucasoid subjects, all of whom were under the age of 21 years, were used in this study. Mesio-distal measurements (MD lengths) were obtained of all the teeth, disregarding the third molars. This data was used to develop regression equations, for maxillary and for mandibular arches, to enable the prediction of the mesio-distal lengths of the canine and two premolars. The study identified the sum of the MD lengths of the permanent lower incisors as the best predictor. It appears that separate predictions for male and female are not warranted. The equations and the predicted values were compared with those of Moyers (1973 and 1988) and some significant differences were found. The Prediction Tables will be useful in analysis of the mixed dentition phase in patients from this population group.

Adolescent↗

The dental status of cerebral palsied children.

The prevalence of dental disease, the types and quality of dental care, and the provision of services were assessed for 150 cerebral palsied children (mean age 10.25 years) attending special schools in Leeds and compared with a matched control group of 191 children (mean age 10.39 years). Similar dental caries experience existed in the two groups, but study children had more extracted and unrestored teeth, and fewer and poorer quality restorations than control children. Oral hygiene and gingival health were worse in the study group, which also exhibited delayed eruption and higher levels of tooth wear. Significantly greater overjet (5.1 mm compared with 2.5 mm) and less crowding occurred in the study group than in the control group. All parents had favorable attitudes toward dentistry and were satisfied with their children's dental care. More study children received treatment from the community dental service, while the general dental services were used more commonly by the control group.

Adolescent↗

[Eruption anomalies: presentation of a case of retention].

Dental retention is a cause of irregularities in the dental eruption. The retention of upper central incisors, although it is not very frequent, presents peculiar diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. We present a case of retention of a upper central incisor, due to a total inversion of said incisor.

Child↗

[Clinical applications of HF-surgery].

The advantage of electrosurgery in minor dental surgery is demonstrated with regard to contraindications and especial precautions. In reports of case some indications are presented in combination with the treatment procedure.

Adult↗