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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Sequential changes in the development of the pancreatic lesion of zinc toxicosis in sheep.

Forty-two 10-month-old castrated male sheep were dosed with zinc oxide to study the pathogenesis of the pancreatic lesion. For 4 weeks, the sheep were dosed three times per week with 240 mg Zn (as ZnO)/kg body weight/dose, and seven groups of six sheep each were necropsied at 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56, and 112 days after the start of dosing. Plasma zinc concentrations rose rapidly to 2.0-2.5 micrograms Zn/ml over the dosing period and fell rapidly to less than 1 microgram Zn/ml within 2 weeks after dosing ceased. Organ zinc levels in liver, kidney, and pancreas fell from concentrations above 800 micrograms Zn/g (dry matter basis) to less than 200 micrograms/g within 4 weeks after dosing ceased. Although no animals showed any clinical signs of zinc toxicity, many sheep dosed with zinc oxide developed pancreatic lesions. Pancreatic lesions took up to 4 weeks to develop fully. The early pancreatic lesions involved necrosis of the pancreatic duct epithelium, periductular inflammation, and interlobular fat necrosis, all evident at 7 days but not at 4 days. These early lesions were followed by edema, lobular cystic change, atrophy, fibrosis, and a ductular hyperplasia. The initial lesion of the pancreas was ductular injury, and the subsequent pancreatic lesions may have developed in those lobules whose excretory ducts were obstructed by inflammatory debris.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The role of the small intestine in cystic fibrosis patients.

A survey is given of the morphological and biochemical lesions of the small intestine that can be found in cystic fibrosis patients. The available data on the structure and function of the small intestine in CF patients favour the hypothesis that the small intestine itself might contribute to the malabsorption of nutrients in this disease. The most pronounced lesions, i.e. meconium ileus and absent active transport of bile salts are found in the ileum. It might be remembered that the ileum is also the site of intensive exchange of chloride and bicarbonate, a function that is heavily disturbed in the pancreas of CF patients. For this reason, further studies on the ileal function in cystic fibrosis are warranted.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1965

CYSTIC FIBROSIS.

Cystic fibrosis, a disease thought to be transmitted as a recessive genetic trait, is found as a disease in about one in 1,000 to one in 10,000 births. It involves all of the exocrine glands with presenting symptoms dependent upon the extent of involvement of any group of glands. Many aspects of the disease can be corrected by substitution therapy. This applies particularly to the use of animal pancreas for the steatorrhea and salt for prevention of heat prostration. Unfortunately, the obstructive pulmonary disease with secondary bronchial infections can only be treated symptomatically by the use of mucus thinning agents, postural drainage, and antibiotics. Nevertheless, longevity can be increased and a great deal of hope offered to the families of these unfortunate children by careful supervision of their medical care.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

MUC1 mucin mRNA expression in cultured human nasal and bronchial epithelial cells.

The MUC1 mucin mRNA, for which the cDNA was previously cloned from human breast and pancreatic tissues, was found to be expressed in nasal and bronchial epithelial cell primary cultures from cystic fibrotic, atopic, and normal individuals. Sequence analysis of cDNA clones from the CF/T43 cystic fibrosis nasal epithelial cell line revealed only insignificant differences in the 3' untranslated region of the mRNA when compared with the pancreas and breast mucin cDNAs.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1998

First adult patient with fibrosing colonopathy.

An adult patient with cystic fibrosis and chronic abdominal complaints developed symptomatic fibrosing colonopathy several months after the beginning of high dose pancreas enzyme therapy. Despite the absence of a stricture, surgical resection was performed. Since then the abdominal complaints have not recurred.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2002

Digestive system involvement in cystic fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease well known to paediatricians. Over recent years, its prevalence among the adult population has dramatically increased; thus becoming a disease increasingly seen in adult practice. Cystic fibrosis is a multi-organ disease, with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations involving many organs. The aim of this article is to review the digestive system manifestations of this disease: the involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary system and pancreas, with a special emphasis on the adult population.

Biliary Tract↗
PubMed1984

[Case of the progressive pulmonary form of mucoviscidosis in an adult patient].

A case with pulmonary form of mucoviscidosis in a female, aged 57, is described, with a high perspiration test--328 mEqv/l Cl with the clinical picture of chronic bronchitis, cylindric bronchiectasis in exacerbation, chronic exacerbated respiratory, insufficiency and pulmonary heart H3, with a lethal end. At necropsy, the characteristic changes for mucoviscidosis were established in the lungs, stomach and pancreas. The possibility of recurrent advancement of the disease is admitted, induced by involutive hormonal disturbances.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed2002

Cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall in a heterotopic pancreas.

Cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall in heterotopic pancreas is a rare disease affecting younger men in particular. On account of its difficult diagnosis and nonspecific signs, it was first described in 1970. A 51-year-old male patient was admitted for clarification of several months of severe pain in the upper abdomen accompanied by weight-loss, and due to ultrasonically established suspicion of carcinoma in the head of the pancreas. Clinical examination and laboratory tests were nonsignificant. Barium meal and esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a severe deformation of the duodenum. Biopsy of the duodenal mucosa detected moderate inflammatory changes. Ultrasound examination showed cystic changes in the duodenal wall and in the vicinity of the head of the pancreas. Only with the aid of endoscopic ultrasound, could bizarre cystic changes in the submucosa of the duodenal wall be detected, which was also confirmed by computer tomography. The signs of disease are nonspecific. Duodenal biopsy also does not reveal its cause since the typical lesions lie deeper in the submucosa or muscularis propria. Cystic changes with fibrosis, pancreatic ducts and lobi without anatomic or vascular connection to the pancreas are found. The anomaly involves, above all, the stomach and duodenum. Prior to the introduction of imaging techniques such as endoscopic ultrasonography, computer tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance, the diagnosis could only be made by means of an operative procedure. Treatment is primarily surgical; smaller cysts can be treated by endoscopic fenestration. Pharmacological treatment with somatostatin is rarely performed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2000

Pancreatic aspects of cystic fibrosis and other inherited causes of pancreatic dysfunction.

Causes of pancreatic dysfunction in childhood can be divided into two general categories: (1) hereditary conditions that directly affect the pancreas and (2) acquired disorders in which loss of pancreatic function is a secondary phenomenon. This article discusses genotypes and phenotypes, clinical features, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, isolated enzyme deficiencies, and other topics.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Pancreatic changes in cystic fibrosis: CT and sonographic appearances.

The computed tomographic (CT) and sonographic appearances of the late stages of pancreatic damage in three patients with cystic fibrosis are illustrated. All three had severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with steatorrhea. In two patients CT revealed complete fatty replacement of the entire pancreas. In the third, increased echogenicity of the pancreas on sonography and the inhomogeneous attenuation on CT were interpreted as being the result of a combination of fibrosis, fatty replacement, calcification, and probable cyst formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1965

PANCREATIC DISEASE IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD. SURGICAL IMPLICATIONS.

Surgeons whose practice involves many infants and children should be acquainted with all abnormalities of pancreatic malformation and function. Conditions amenable to surgical treatment are few, but serious. Trauma to the pancreas in childhood is most commonly diagnosed by fever, leukocytosis, rectus spasm and elevated serum amylase. Drainage of the lesser sac and debridement of devitalized tissue may prevent the sequelae of pseudocyst formation which seems to follow the untreated injury. True congenital cysts are characterized by an epithelial lining.Mucoviscidosis complicated by meconium ileus remains a challenging disease of the newborn that requires early operation. Ten per cent of infants with cystic fibrosis may be threatened by intestinal obstruction from this cause. Some children surviving the newborn period go on to develop obstruction later. Annular malformation of pancreas may produce upper intestinal (duodenal) obstructive symptoms immediately after birth. Surgical correction by duodenojejunostomy should be postponed only long enough to correct severe fluid or electrolyte imbalances. Idiopathic spontaneous hypoglycemia has the most serious prognosis if convulsions are allowed to recur. Increased metabolic rates in infants increase the need for control of blood sugar levels by either administration of cortisone or pancreatic resection. If adenoma is the cause, a conservative resection of the tumor suffices. If serial frozen section fails to reveal either tumor or hypertophy of insulin-producing cells, blind pancreatectomy may be indicated, for irreversible brain damage develops early in uncontrolled hypoglycemia.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Effect of NYD-SP27 down-regulation on ATP-induced Ca2+-dependent pancreatic duct anion secretion in cystic fibrosis cells.

Our previous study demonstrated that NYD-SP27 is a novel inhibitory PLC isoform expressed endogenously in human pancreas and upregulated in CFPAC-1 cells. The present study investigated the effect of NYD-SP27 down-regulation on the ATP-stimulated and Ca(2+)-dependent pancreatic anion secretion by CFPAC-1 cell line using short-circuit current (I(SC)) recording. NYD-SP27 antisense-transfected CFPAC-1 (AT-CF) cells exhibited a significantly higher basal transmembrane potential difference and current than those of empty vector-transfected CFPAC-1 (VT-CF) cells. Cl(-) channel blocker, DPC or Glibenclamide (1mM), and inhibitor of Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter, bumetanide (100 microM) significantly inhibited the basal current in AT-CF cells. The inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, MDL12330A (20 microM), and Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channel (CaCC) blocker, DIDS (100 microM) also significantly reduced the basal current in AT-CF. Apical application of ATP (10 microM) stimulated a fast transient I(SC) increase in VT-CF cells, but a more sustained rise with slower decline in AT-CF cells. Pretreatment with BAPTA-AM (50 microM) reduced the ATP-induced I(SC) response in AT-CF cells by 77.9%. PMA (1 microM), a PKC activator, inhibited the ATP-stimulated current increase (the transient peak) in VT-CF cells, but had no effect on the AT-CF cells. However, PKC inhibitor, staurosporine (40 microM) could inhibit the ATP-induced I(SC) response in AT-CF cells. The present results confirm the previously proposed inhibitory role of NYD-SP27 in the PLC pathway and demonstrate that the suppression of its expression could result in an enhancement of ATP-stimulated Ca(2+) dependent pancreatic anion secretion.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Serum immunoreactive trypsin in cystic fibrosis.

Immuno-reactive trypsin (IR-TRY) level has been measured by RIA in 185 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged between 4 days and 34 years. The correlation of IR-TRY values with age and functional state of pancreas have been studied. The interpretation of the data have been put forward on the basis of possibilities of neonatal screening.

Adolescent↗