PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Seminal Vesicles”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Value and sequence of the biopsy of the seminal vesicles and laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy in the staging of cancer of the prostate].

OBJECTIVE: To establish the current indication in our milieu of seminal vesicles (s.v.) biopsy and laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy in prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The prospective study of s.v. biopsy includes 128 patients. Overall efficacy of the technical procedure, incidence of seminal infiltration in relation to clinical staging, PSA, Gleason or the association of both are all analyzed. The second part of the project involves a retrospective statistical study applied to the lymphadenectomy series over a period of 10 years on 202 cases (69 laparoscopic and 133 open ceiling), analyzing several risk factors for nodular invasion. RESULTS: Seminal and nodular infiltration was related to clinical stage, PSA and Gleason. PSA > 20 and Gleason > or = 7 is clinically the most useful association for the diagnosis of seminal infiltration. Increased PSA and Gleason involved greater nodular infiltration; the optimal cut-off point is 40 and 7 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: S.V. biopsy should be performed in T3 stage or in earlier stages with PSA greater or equal to 20 and/or Gleason greater or equal to 7. If biopsy is tumour negative, laparoscopic lymphadenectomy should be performed at T3 stage (regardless of PSA or Gleason), and in < T3 with PSA greater or equal to 40, Gleason greater or equal to 8 and when Gleason is 7 and PSA > 20.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The occurrence of GABA in vas deferens, prostate, epididymis, seminal vesicle and testicle of the rat.

The concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was determined in vas deferens, prostate, epididymis, seminal vesicle and testicle of the adult rat. Among the organs examined, vas deferens was found to be the richest in GABA and the lowest concentration was measured in testicle. Although the GABA levels appear to be 10-50 times lower in the sex organs examined than in the brain tissue, even the low GABA contents are suggestive of a role of this amino acid in the reproductive organs of the male rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Formation of rat copulatory plug: purified seminal vesicle secretory proteins serve as transglutaminase substrates.

An in vitro system has been used to study the role of purified rat seminal vesicle proteins in the formation of the copulatory vaginal plug. Proteins II, IV (or S) and V (or F) were each separately coagulated using the transglutaminase in coagulating gland extracts. In each case the coagulum required Ca2+ ions for its formation and was insoluble in denaturing solvents. In experiments with [3H]lysine, proteins II and S incorporated [3H]lysine into glu-lys dipeptide with similar kinetics. Both the N-terminal and C-terminal glutamine residues of protein S participated in the reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Alanyl aminopeptidase of bovine seminal vesicle secretion.

Multiple forms of an aminopeptidase hydrolysing L-alanine- and various other amino acid-beta-naphthylamides in bovine seminal vesicle secretion were studied after fractionation on gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography and chromatofocusing. Two forms of the enzyme were found in all these fractionations: one with a high molecular weight was aggregated or particle-bound and the other had a molecular weight of about 237,000. The high-molecular-weight form dissociated with Triton X-100 via an intermediate into the basic enzyme form with concurrent change in the pI and anionic sites. The basic form of the enzyme differed from the high-molecular-weight forms in substrate preference, response to some modifiers, thermal stability and kinetic constants.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Surface features of epithelium of the seminal vesicle in young adult and old guinea pigs and after castration.

The study involves an SEM examination of the guinea pig seminal vesicle in both normal and old animals and after orchiectomy. The mucosa showed complicated anastomosing folds. The surface cells were characterized by dense and long microvilli. The density of microvilli decreased in old animals. The lateral surfaces were relatively smooth with few ridges interlocking with the neighbouring cells. The irregular basal surface was covered by basal lamina richly endowed with fine collagenous fibres derived from the loose subepithelial stroma. After orchiectomy the mucosal folds were less prominent. The cells were shorter and with sparse and short microvilli while the subepithelial stroma became more condense. Rejection or degeneration of glandular cells were observed. This shows that the morphology of the luminal surfaces is related to age and stages of function and that castration results in a reduction of microvilli and causes degeneration of cells.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of apoptosis by castration in epithelium of the mouse seminal vesicles.

Castration on days 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 caused increases in an apoptotic index (% of apoptotic cells) in seminal vesicle (SV) epithelium, peaking 1-3 days after castration. The peak apoptotic indices after castration on days 0, 5, 10, and 20 were significantly lower than peak apoptotic indices observed after castration on days 40 and 60. DNA extracted from mouse SVs 2 days after castration on days 0, 5, 10, and 60 showed a ladder pattern on agarose gel electrophoresis. The secretion of androgen by testes was confirmed by the growth retardation of the SVs after castration on days 0, 5, 10, and 20. It would appear that a proportion of SV epithelial cells dependent on testicular androgens for survival is smaller before day 20 than after day 20.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Autophagocytosis in mouse seminal vesicle cells in vitro. Temperature dependence and effects of vinblastine and inhibitors of protein synthesis.

Spontaneous autophagocytosis was observed in mouse seminal vesicle cells during incubation for 2 h in vitro. The number of autophagic vacuoles formed was greatest at 37 degrees C and decreased when the temperature was lowered. At 22 degrees C it reached the near-zero value characteristic of non-incubated control cells. Incubation of the cells at 37 degrees C in the presence of 0.1 mg/ml vinblastine sulfate resulted in a marked increase in the number of autophagic vacuoles, but the drug was ineffective at 22 degrees C. Puromycin (10(-3) M) exerted no influence on spontaneous autophagocytosis, but cycloheximide in concentrations from 10(-7) M to 10(-3) M inhibited both spontaneous and vinblastine-induced autophagocytosis. The formation of tubulin paracrystals in vinblastine treated cells was not prevented either by low (22 degrees C) temperature or in the presence of cycloheximide.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Metabolism of 5(6)-expoxyeicosatrienoic acid by ram seminal vesicles. Formation of novel prostaglandin E1 metabolites.

5(6)-Epoxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid was incubated with microsomes or ram seminal vesicles in the presence of glutathione (1 mM) for 2 min at 37 degrees C. Following extractive isolation on octadecasilane silica, the products were purified on straight-phase HPLC and separated into three major polar metabolites, which all showed maximal ultraviolet absorbance at 278 nm after treatment with alkali. The least-polar of the three metabolites was identified by capillary column gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as 5(6)- epoxyprostaglandin E1 and the structure was confirmed by comparison with authentic material. The most-polar metabolite was identified as 5,6- dihydroxyprostaglandin E1, while the metabolite of medium polarity was identified as its delta 5-lactone. When glutathione was omitted, 5-hydroxyprostaglandin I 1 alpha and 5-hydroxyprostaglandin I 1 beta were previously identified as the two major metabolites. These results indicate that the postulated epoxyprostaglandin endoperoxide intermediates, 5(6)- epoxyprostaglandin G1 and 5(6)- epoxyprostaglandin H1, might be substrates for the endoperoxide E isomerase enzyme, since this enzyme requires glutathione as a cofactor.

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗
PubMed1999

Biosynthesis and immunobiochemical characterization of gp17/GCDFP-15. A glycoprotein from seminal vesicles and from breast tumors, in HeLa cells and in Pichia pastoris yeast.

The gp17 factor is a secretory product of human seminal vesicle cells which binds to CD4 and acts as a potent inhibitor of T lymphocyte apoptosis induced by CD4 crosslinking and subsequent T-cell receptor (TCR) activation. The protein is identical to gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15), a breast tumor secretory marker PIP (prolactin inducible protein), a prolactin-controlled and androgen-controlled protein; secretory actin binding protein (SABP), a seminal plasma actin binding protein and extra-parotid glycoprotein (EP-GP), a secretory protein from the salivary gland. The structure of this protein has not yet been elucidated and no biological function has been clearly attributed to date. Expression of recombinant gp17/GCDFP-15 cDNA in bacteria and insect cells leads to the production of a misfolded insoluble protein. In this study, we describe the production of gp17/GCDFP-15 in two different eukaryotic systems, namely HeLa cells and the Pichia pastoris yeast. Using constructs in which gp17/GCDFP-15 was tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in various combinations, we observed expression only when the fusion protein was directed to the secretory compartment by the correct signal peptide. The resulting fluorescent protein was inefficiently secreted, thus suggesting that gp17/GCDFP-15 is not appropriately post-translationally processed and/or transported in HeLa cells. The use of the P. pastoris secretory pathway allowed instead the accumulation in the culture medium of a GCDFP-15/gp17 species which retained the ability to bind to CD4 and also most of the biochemical and immunological properties of the native protein. The production of an active recombinant molecule opens the way to correlate the structural properties of this peculiar factor to its ability to bind several proteins, including CD4, and to block CD4-mediated T cell programmed death.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1998

Endothelin-1 selectively potentiates the purinergic component of sympathetic neurotransmission in rat seminal vesicle.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1; 3-100 nM) caused graded tonic contractions and enhanced neurogenic contractions in rat field-stimulated seminal vesicle. At 100 nM, ET-1 increased nerve-mediated responses by 350 +/- 74 mg/100 mg wet tissue (almost 100% potentiation), whereas sarafotoxin S6c was ineffective. The potentiation of neurogenic responses by ET-1 was virtually abolished by the ETA receptor antagonist BQ-123 (1 microM; c. 95% inhibition) but was not modified by the ETB receptor antagonist BQ-788 (1 microM). Responses to field stimulation were inhibited by tetrodotoxin (0.1 microM; 100%), guanethidine (GTD; 5 microM, 75%), prazosin (PRA; 0.1 microM, 90%), desensitization of P2x purinoceptors with alpha,beta-methylene-ATP (mATP; 10 microM, 50%), or atropine (ATR; 0.1 microM, 40%). ET-1-induced potentiation of neurogenic contractions was not modified by prior incubation with indomethacin (5.6 microM), ATR, or PRA, but mATP and GTD reduced the effects of 100 nM ET-1 to 189 +/- 76 and 5 +/- 7 mg/100 mg wet tissue, respectively (n = 6-8). Therefore, ET-1 enhances nerve-mediated responses of this tissue by selectively potentiating the purinergic component of sympathetic neurotransmission. This action, which is independent of the eicosanoid-cycloxygenase pathway, is mediated via ETA receptors and, at least in part, by enhancement of motor responses to ATP.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Purification, structure, and characterization of caltrin proteins from seminal vesicle of the rat and mouse.

Caltrins, small basic proteins that inhibit calcium uptake by epididymal spermatozoa, have been purified from seminal vesicle content of the mouse and rat. Mouse caltrin (M(r) 8,476) contains 75 amino acid residues, 14 basic, 5 acidic, and 7 cysteines while rat caltrin (M(r) 6,217) has 56 residues, 10 basic, 5 acidic, and 6 cysteines; their pI values are 10.2 and 9.3, respectively. The proteins did not react with Ellman's reagent unless the cystine residues were previously reduced. The primary structures were determined by sequencing fragments generated by trypsin, clostripain, and endoproteinase Lys-C digestion. The sequences were ordered to give the total structural formula. The two molecules have no sequence similarity and are different from those of the bull and guinea pig previously reported. Only rat caltrin has a sequence of 13 residues nearly identical to that in guinea pig caltrin I. Both rat and mouse caltrin react with antibodies against bovine and guinea pig caltrins. Reduction and alkylation of cysteine residues suppressed the immunologic response of mouse caltrin; however, modified rat caltrin retained partially its immunoreactivity with the antiserum against guinea pig caltrin I. The same treatment abolished the calcium transport inhibitory activity of mouse caltrin and greatly reduced that of rat caltrin. It is likely that rat and mouse caltrins have the same physiological function as proposed for bovine caltrin; namely, to regulate the development of the Ca(2+)-dependent processes that "capacitate" sperm for fertilization.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Ectopic left ureter emptying into the ipsilateral seminal vesicle: diagnosis with nuclear magnetic resonance].

We report on a 35-year-old male patient with ectopic left ureter entering the seminal vesicle associated with ipsilateral renal dysplasia who consulted for pain in the left renal fossa, painful ejaculation and recurrent episodes of left epididymitis. Patient evaluation included cystoscopy, urography, CT and MRI. However, only MRI showed precise images of the trajectory of the ectopic ureter, thereby obviating the need for other invasive diagnostic techniques and permitting surgical correction of the anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of androgens on the transcription of secretory protein genes in rat seminal vesicle.

Run-on transcription in isolated nuclei has been used to study the effects of testosterone on gene expression in rat seminal vesicles. General transcriptional rates were increased by about 6-fold with an additional 2- to 3-fold differential stimulation of the genes for secretory proteins IV and V. These transcriptional changes are insufficient to explain overall changes in cellular mRNA levels, indicating that androgens must also have major effects on post-transcriptional processing of RNA transcripts or on mRNA stability. Analysis of nuclear RNA by Northern blotting with intron probes suggests substantial androgen effects on primary transcript processing.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1alpha by ram seminal vesicle microsomes.

At low substrate/enzyme ratios, and in the absence of reduced glutathione (GSH), the major prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesised by the ram seminal vesicle cyclo-oxygenase from arachidonic acid was 6-keto-PGF1alpha. The addition of nanomolar amounts of reduced GSH suppressed biosynthesis of this product and stimulated the formation of PGE2; 1-epinephrine enhanced the conversion of the substrate but had no effect on the type of product formed. 15-Hydroperoxy arachidonic acid selectively inhibited formation of 6-keto-PGF1alpha (IC50 100 muM) but blocked synthesis of all cyclo-oxygenase products at concentrations greater than 1 mM. At substrate concentrations of muM or greater, synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1alpha was inhibited and PGE2 and PGF2alpha were the main products formed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cystic lesions in seminal vesicles and prostate].

Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) has been used extensively to evaluate the lower urinary tract in males, including the prostate gland, seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts. Of 475 males who underwent TRUS at Kitasato University Hospital, 43 (9.1%) were found to have cystic changes of these structures. Most of these cystic changes could be identified as being of prostate origin, Wolffian duct origin or Müllerian duct origin by their sonographic appearance and location. Although most patients were asymptomatic, 8 of the 30 men with a complaint of hematospermia had a sonographic finding of cystic changes in the prostate (3 patients) or ejaculatory ducts (5 patients). Inflammation and allergic reaction have been suggested to be related to hematospermia, however, their mechanism remains to unclear. These findings suggest that cystic changes in the ejaculatory duct contribute to hematospermia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Eosinophils infiltration in the rat seminal vesicle associated with estradiol-17-beta-related stromal proliferation.

We performed a histological quantitative analysis of collagen and smooth muscle in seminal vesicle (SV) stroma after Estradiol-17 beta (E2) administration to the immature castrated rat. On day 14 after E2 administration, collagen and smooth muscle had increased approximately five and fifteen times, respectively, over the baseline of day 0. On day 28 (14 days after the cessation of E2 administration), smooth muscle decreased to the same level as that on day 7, but collagen did not decrease during the 14 days after the cessation of E2 administration. As the proliferation of stroma, the infiltration of eosinophils was seen in the perigrandular stroma that consisted of rich collagen. The number of infiltrated eosinophils increased exponentially in the period in which collagen proliferated. But in the peripheral stroma which consists of rich smooth muscle, no eosinophil infiltration was seen. These results suggest that eosinophil infiltration into SV is related to E2 administration and to stromal proliferation, especially to collagen proliferation in this condition.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Differential proliferative response of the ventral prostate and seminal vesicle to testosterone replacement.

We have investigated epithelial cell proliferation and the rate of glandular recovery of the ventral prostate (VP) and seminal vesicle (SV) promoted by testosterone replacement (TR) in castration-induced regressed glands. Adult male Wistar rats were castrated and, after 21 days, they were treated with testosterone propionate (4 mg/kg/day). Intact (CT) and castrated rats without TR (CS) were also analysed. VP and SV were processed for histochemistry, morphometric-stereological analysis and immunocytochemistry to determine the PCNA index (PI). After 10 days of TR, the VP weight reached approximately 72% of the CT values, while the SV weight exceeded approximately 17% of the CT values. By the third day of TR, VP and SV presented a mean PI of 34% and 94% for distal region and 14% and 22% for proximal region, respectively. SV also had more luminal cells PCNA-positive than VP, mainly in the distal region. The PI values fell on days 5, 7 and 10, but were still higher than CT. These findings indicate that epithelial cells from involuted SV are more responsive to TR than those from VP when stimulated to proliferate and replace the luminal cell population, suggesting a different mechanism regulating cell proliferation in response to androgenic stimuli.

Animals↗