PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Social Control, Formal”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed2007

[Old and new risks: In pursuit of other forms of protection].

Based on the concept of health as openness to risk, as outlined by Canguilhem in 1946, the authors seek to distinguish between risks that require social protection networks and those that should be tolerated as part of the human condition. To understand this issue, the article analyzes the historical emergence of the risk concept as viewed in early industrial society and its link to the idea of dangerousness and risk as analyzed by Robert Castel in his work From Dangerousness to Risk and L'Insegurité Sociale: Qu'est-ce Qu'etre Protegé? The authors discuss the continuities and discontinuities in these classical risks, with their social protection structures, and the emerging awareness of multiple hazards in late modernity.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1978

Behaviorism: part of the problem or part of the solution.

The form frequently taken by behavior-modification programs is analyzed in terms of the parent science, Behaviorism. Whereas Behaviorism assumes that behavior is the result of contingencies, and that lasting behavior change involves changing the contingencies that give rise to and support the behavior, most behavior-modification programs merely arrange special contingencies in a special environment to eliminate the "problem" behavior. Even when the problem behavior is as widespread as alcoholism and crime, behavior modifiers focus on "fixing" the alcoholic and the criminal, not on changing the societal contingencies that prevail outside the therapeutic environment and continue to produce alcoholics and criminals. The contingencies that shape this method of dealing with behavioral problems are also analyzed, and this analysis leads to a criticism of the current social structure as a behavior control system. Although applied behaviorists have frequently focused on fixing individuals, the science of Behaviorism provides the means to analyze the structures, the system, and the forms of societal control that produce the "problems".

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1979

Voluntary coordination as a strategy of plan implementation for health systems agencies.

Health planning agencies are faced with the difficult mission of guiding change within a large complex social system whose power is dispersed. Initial short- and long-range plans have been established as frameworks, and now the major focus is implementation. Regulation (non-voluntary coordination) and voluntary coordination are the major means of implementation. Voluntary coordination is a significant strategy for consideration by Health Systems Agencies (HSAs). It may interact with regulation as a competitor, substitute, or complement. Because of limited regulatory powers, HSAs are dependent upon voluntary coordination as a major means of influencing behavior. Conflict, a major feature of voluntary coordination, has the potential of being used as a constructive means for dialogue; negotiation and bargaining may become positive approaches to arriving at decisions. Legitimized community authority is the primary source of authority in a strategy dominated by voluntary coordination as contrasted to state or federal mandates in a regulatory strategy. Knowledge of the environment within which the HSA operates will assist HSA staff and board to arrive at rational and realistic decisions.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1989

Current medical, legal and demographic perspectives on artificial reproduction in Czechoslovakia.

This paper examines artificial reproduction (AR) within a broad comparative perspective and with specific reference to Czechoslovak law, medicine, and demography. It proceeds form an analysis of the social context that gives rise to technologies of AR to a review of the two principal technologies, artificial insemination (AI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). A final section briefly discusses some of the implications of AR for new judicial conceptions of motherhood and fatherhood.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed2002

Corporate speech and the Constitution: the deregulation of tobacco advertising.

In a series of recent cases, the Supreme Court has given businesses powerful new First Amendment rights to advertise hazardous products. Most recently, in Lorillard Tobacco Co v Reilly (121 SCt 2404 [2001]), the court invalidated Massachusetts regulations intended to reduce underage smoking. The future prospects for commercial speech regulation appear dim, but the reasoning in commercial speech cases is supported by only a plurality of the court. A different First Amendment theory should recognize the importance of population health and the low value of corporate speech. In particular, a future court should consider the low informational value of tobacco advertising, the availability of alternative channels of communication, the unlawful practice of targeting minors, and the magnitude of the social harms.

Adolescent↗