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PubMed2005

An enrichment broth culture-duplex PCR combination assay for the rapid detection of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in fecal specimens.

An enrichment broth culture-duplex PCR combination assay was devised to identify Clostridium perfringens directly from fecal samples. The method consists of a combination of short enrichment of samples in selective media, DNA isolation, and performing duplex PCR using two pairs of primers which identify C. perfringens strains that harbor the virulence enterotoxin gene. Comparison of two selective enrichment media and two incubation temperatures showed that the reinforced clostridial medium with neomycin was better than the fluid thioglycollate medium with neomycin (p<0.001); and incubation at 37 degrees C vs 45 degrees C showed no statistically significant difference (p=0.238). The optimal short time for pre-enrichment culture was 4 hours. The developed assay was applied to detect phospholipase C (plc) and enterotoxin (cpe) genes for C. perfringens in feces inoculated artificially with enterotoxigenic C. perfringens. The method could detect both gene products in samples inoculated with a minimum of 10(4) CFU per ml. When the method was applied to detect enterotoxigenic C. perfringens in 198 diarrhea patients, C. perfringens was found in 121 samples; 7 out of 121 samples were positive for both plc and cpe (prevalence of 5.8%). These results indicate that the developed assay was a suitable method for the rapid and specific detection of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens directly in fecal specimens of diarrhea patients, which will assist epidemiological investigations of food poisoning outbreaks and quality control of food products.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1975

Ulcerative enteritis--clostridial antigens.

The causative agent of ulcerative enteritis (UE) is a clostridium and it is believed that it belongs to a new, hitherto undescribed species. It has been named, tentatively, Clostridium colinum. Transmission experiments carried out with artificial cultures of this clostridium have clarified some aspects of the pathogenesis of UE and have brought into focus other aspects of its pathogenesis, epizootiology, and immunology that need to be investigated. Support for research is needed: 1) To investigate the distribution in nature of C colinum. For this purpose the development of more suitable selective and differential culture mediums should be encouraged. 2) To further study the pathogenesis of UE through application of the fluorescent labeled antibody procedure. 3) To search for toxins produced by this clostridium, possibly through use of ligated intestinal loops in chickens. 4) To develop a quick and simple means for the differential diagnosis of UE. Use of a fluorescent antibody test has been suggested as an area of research to fill this need.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Massive haemolysis: a rare manifestation of sepsis due to Clostridium perfringens].

A 59-year-old man was admitted to the hospital to be operated on for carcinoma of the pancreas. During the operation, it turned out that resection ofthe tumour was not possible. Therefore, a double bypass was created for palliation: hepaticojejunostomy and duodenojejunostomy. The postoperative course was complicated by a fulminant sepsis accompanied by massive intravascular haemolysis. This is a rare and often fatal complication of a Clostridium perfringens sepsis. The patient was given antibiotics and multiple blood transfusions, but his haemoglobin remained low and despite the administration of large amounts of fluid, high doses ofinotropic agents and corticosteroids, it was not possible to achieve an adequate circulation. The patient died within 40 hours after admission to Intensive Care. Severe intravascular haemolysis with spherocytes in the blood smear must be interpreted as an important indication of a C. perfringens-sepsis.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Food poisoning--four unusual episodes.

Four unusual outbreaks of food poisoning occurring in the Dunedin Health District during the period 1971-1973 are described. These involved a contaminated cordial, a death associated with a Clostridium perfringens outbreak, salmonellosis and infectious hepatitis in persons eating uncooked shellfish and symptoms associated with the ingestion of a normally edible fish--the trumpeter.

Acetobacter↗
PubMed2006

Clostridial enteropathy in lactating outbred swiss-derived (ICR) mice.

Reports of severe enteric disease of unknown etiology affecting lactating mice have appeared in the literature. Clostridial disease similar to that seen in cattle and sheep on high-carbohydrate rations and caused by Clostridium perfringens has been suspected in these mouse outbreaks but has not been isolated from affected mice. The present report describes a severe, necrotizing enterocolitis associated with overgrowth of C. perfringens type A in lactating Swiss-derived (ND4) mice. Mice nursing large litters of pups in the second week of life were the most severely affected. The organism isolated from dead or moribund mice was positive by polymerase chain reaction assay for the gene for the C. perfringens a toxin, but actual toxin production was not determined. The disease in this mouse colony was ameliorated by increasing the fat and calorie content of the diet of lactating dams, which each received 1 g peanut butter every 48 h.

Animals↗