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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) does not impair subsequent pregnancy outcome following frozen embryo transfer (ET) as determined by a large retrospective analysis.

PURPOSE: To determine if fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) adversely affects pregnancy outcome following frozen embryo transfer (ET). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of frozen ETs where the oocytes were fertilized by conventional insemination vs ICSI was carried out. RESULTS: No difference in pregnancy outcome was found in women up to age 42. There was a non-significant trend for lower pregnancy rates in women age 43 and older. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest series to date by far these data convincingly show that fertilization by ICSI does not impair outcome following frozen ET.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Live birth of healthy triplets after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in an acromegalic woman with elevated growth hormone.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of successful triplet pregnancy in an acromegaly patient with IVF and embryo transfer. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary center for assisted reproductive technologies. PATIENT(S): A 33-year-old woman with acromegaly and primary infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Controlled ovulation hyperstimulation and IVF/embryo-transfer treatment using gonadotropins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Uncomplicated pregnancy course and successful take-home triplet infant girls. RESULT(S): Successful ovarian stimulation and IVF is possible in acromegalic patients. CONCLUSION(S): There may be an effect of elevated growth hormone resulting in increased ovarian response to gonadotropin, inducing hyperstimulation and high-order multiple pregnancies in these patients.

Acromegaly↗

PubMed1989

[Fertilization in vitro and embryo transfer (FIVET) and endometriosis. Uncertainties and issues].

The progressive improvements in the results and extra simplification of the recent techniques for in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVFET) have contributed to broadening the indications for this method of assisted reproduction. Endometriosis has not escaped this evolution and more and more works referring to the use of IVFET for this indication. All the same, there are many questions which have not been clearly answered. The possible variety of causes for this condition, the number of factors that may be causing the infertility, make it difficult to assess completely the method of therapy, and require that controlled studies should carried out. These are not always easy to perform. IVFET is no exception to these difficulties. The relationships between endometriosis and infertility are complex and very often difficult to assess. All the same, very many hypotheses have been put out to explain the deleterious effect of this abnormality. Certain mechanisms have been suggested (such as troubles with maturation of the follicle and of the oocyte and the production of a hostile environment for the gametes and for the embryo). These are logical arguments for IVFET which initially produces follicular maturation and takes the gametes and the embryo away from the peritoneal and tubal environment. In spite of certain hypotheses which would be unfavourable in cases of endometriosis (oocytes being less likely to be fertilised, poorer quality of the embryos, defective implantation...) the results that have been obtained after IVFET are overall very favourable and certainly can compare with those obtained when it has been used for, for instance, tubal indication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Embryo Transfer↗

PubMed1990

[Fertilization in vitro and embryo transfer].

After a brief historical survey and review of the main Swiss centres engaged in medically assisted procreation, the indications for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) are discussed. This technique offers the sterility specialist a new approach in allowing separate investigation of the two gametes and study of their interactions. This therapeutic approach to infertility is thus supplemented by biological data which may modify or highlight some of the etiologic aspects and promote new treatments. The techniques employed at our centre and the results obtained over the past four years are presented. Analysis of IVF pregnancies shows that the obstetric risks can be associated with the characteristics of the groups treated rather than with the IVF technique.

Corpus Luteum Maintenance↗

PubMed1987

Progesterone and estradiol in saliva after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

The importance of the luteal function to ensure adequate implantation prompted us to assay salivary estradiol (SE2) and salivary progesterone (SP) concentration serially after embryo transfer by simple and rapid radioimmunoassays to allow a noninvasive easily repeatable approach. SE2, which has fallen 1 day after human chorionic gonadotropin injection, increased after reimplantation (day 3), plateaued during approximately 1 week, and returned to basal levels before menstruation in absence of conception or in chemical pregnancy, whereas it increased steadily in successful pregnancy. SP increased in all the cases, formed a plateau, and returned progressively to basal levels before menstruation, whereas in ongoing pregnancy there was a transitory decline in the midluteal phase followed by a rapid and continuous increase, with a significantly higher ratio day 13/day 10 in successful pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Oocyte retrieval in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program: comparison of four methods.

The records of 191 patients involved in 316 treatment cycles over 3 years in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program were reviewed. Follicular aspiration, oocyte retrieval, pregnancy rates, technical difficulty, and complications were compared in four oocyte retrieval methods: 117 laparoscopic retrievals, 116 ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous transvesical retrievals, 43 US-guided transvaginal retrievals, and 40 combined US and laparoscopic retrievals. The mean number of aspirated follicles (9.14) was greatest in the transvaginal retrieval group, but the ratio of oocytes to punctured follicles was not statistically greater in any of the groups. The overall clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was highest in the transvaginal retrieval group: 12 of 43 cycles resulted in pregnancy, or 27.9%. The number of delivered babies (16.3%) was also highest in the transvaginal retrieval group. US-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval is recommended as the method of choice.

Embryo Transfer↗

PubMed2005

Non-homogeneous hyperechogenic echo pattern three days after frozen embryo transfer is associated with lower pregnancy rates.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of mid-luteal phase echo patterns and pregnancy rates (PRs) following frozen embryo transfer (ET). METHODS: Sonographic evaluation of endometrial echo patterns was performed three days after ET in the first frozen ET cycle of women < 40 years of age who used their own oocytes as well as all donor oocyte recipients. RESULTS: The distribution of echo patterns and clinical PRs were similar in women using their own eggs and women who used donor oocytes; therefore all data was combined. The clinical PR was 49.5% with a hyperechogenic echo pattern vs 38.8% with a non-hyperechogenic pattern, p = .007. CONCLUSION: A larger study of frozen ET and mid-luteal echo pattern now demonstrates conclusions similar to the data from fresh ET in hyperstimulated in vitro fertilization (IVF)-ET cycles in that failure to attain a hyperechogenic echo pattern three days after ET is associated with lower pregnancy rates.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Increased endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection does not adversely affect pregnancy or implantation rates following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the controversy whether an increased endometrial thickness has an effect on pregnancy, implantation, or abortion rates in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: A university-based IVF center. PATIENT(S): Five hundred seventy women under the age of 40. INTERVENTION(S): Measurements of endometrial thickness on day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Cycles were compared by endometrial thickness of </=14 mm in 510 women to a thickness of >14 mm in 60 women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Implantation, pregnancy, and abortion rates. RESULT(S): Implantation, pregnancy, and abortion rates were similar in each group. In cycles where the endometrial thickness was </=14 mm, the rates were 20.9%, 43.1%, and 11.8% compared with 25.5%, 48.3%, and 13.8% in cycles >14 mm. CONCLUSION(S): No adverse effects of a thickened endometrium were demonstrated on implantation, pregnancy, or abortion rates in the first IVF-ET cycle. These findings fail to corroborate with those of Weissman et al. and support those of Yakin et al.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed2005

Leukocyte immunotherapy improves live delivery rates following embryo transfer in women with at least two previous failures: a retrospective review.

PURPOSE: To determine whether leukocyte immunotherapy (LIT) could improve live delivery rate following embryo transfer (ET) in women who were not successful in prior attempts. METHODS: Paternal leukocytes were intradermally injected in some women who had failed to have a successful pregnancy following at least two prior ETs approximately two weeks prior to fresh or frozen ET and repeated at the time of the 3rd rising serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin level and at eight weeks if a pregnancy occurred. Clinical pregnancy and live pregnancy rates (PRs) were compared to those women having ETs during the same time period not receiving LIT. RESULTS: Thirty-six of 94 (38.3%) patients receiving LIT (group 1) conceived following fresh or frozen ET vs 98 of 341 (28.7%) for women not receiving LIT (group 2) (p = NS). The live delivery rate per ET cycle was 30.8% (39/94) vs 19.7% for group 2 (p = .02). For the subset of women failing despite five previous ETs 17 of 37 (45.9%) group 1 women had a clinical pregnancy vs 18 of 64 (28.1%) group 2 women (p = .07%) and live delivery rates were 35.1% (13/37) vs 15.6% (10/64) (p = .024). CONCLUSIONS: These retrospective data encourage a prospective study of LIT combined with progesterone vs controls receiving progesterone only for recalcitrant patients having ETs.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Nonhysteroscopic falloposcopy: a proposed method for visual guidance and verification of tubal cannula placement for endotuboplasty, gamete and embryo transfer procedures.

A simplified method for visualization of the uterotubal ostium using a nonhysteroscopic falloposcopic technique has been described. This transvaginal microendoscopic technique is proposed as a realistic method for the visual monitoring of tubal cannula placement for facilitating endotuboplasty, gamete and embryo transfer procedures.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Uterine rupture in first or second trimester of pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

We report five cases of early rupture of cornual pregnancy with history of previous salpingectomy and cornual resection following in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. We discuss the predisposing factors, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in these patients. A high index of suspicion is required for an early diagnosis. It is imperative that the physicians who care for the patients be fully aware of the possibility of such a complication in a high risk population; therefore, appropriate counselling and close follow-up might help to avoid such obstetrical catastrophes, by termination of pregnancy, either surgically or medically.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Personal experiences in the introduction of laboratory methodology].

Our laboratory technique includes recovery and handling with gametes outside the body, in vitro fertilization, culture of embryos, and finally embryo-transfer. Time-table, culture media and technique of the cultivation as well as laboratory devices are described and than compared with informations about methods from other teams. The necessity of transport of the follicle fluids from operating theatre to laboratory is given caused by local conditions. All dates about number of oocytes (73), quantities of preovulatory oocytes (47) and cleavage rates (55%) are descended from 30 laparoscopic oocyte recoveries of the 2. in vitro fertilization program of the university woman hospital in Rostock, January and February 1984.

Culture Media↗

PubMed1992

Effects of parity and synchronization of donors by an oral progestogen on embryo transfer in swine.

The aim of this study was to establish whether the quantity or quality of embryos collected is affected by 1) the reproductive status of donors (nulliparous gilts vs parous sows); 2) pretreatment of donors with Oxolven. Embryos were collected from gilts (n=38) and from weaned sows (n=35). Approximately half of each group (gilts and sows) had been subjected to oral treatment with the progestogenic 19-nortestosterone derivative Oxolven for 14 to 21 days. After induction of estrus with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and following artificial insemination, the embryos were recovered surgically. The ovulation rate of donors averaged 21.6, with no significant difference among groups. Most of the ova and embryos collected were at the 4-cell stage (53%). There was a high incidence of uncleaved ova (28%) in both groups of animals. This was particularly so in gilts, both the Oxolven-treated and controls (35 and 32%). The incidence of uncleaved ova was lower, however, in Oxolven-treated (29%) and control sows (14%). Embryos at the 4- to 8-cell stage were transferred to synchronous recipient gilts. Transfer results, expressed by the survival of transferred embryos, were not significantly affected by the progestogen treatment (30% for Oxolven treatment vs 34% for the controls) or by the reproductive status of the donors (33% for gilts vs 28% for sows).

Journal Article↗

PubMed1991

Tubal ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a role for proximal occlusion or salpingectomy after failed distal tubal surgery?

OBJECTIVE: To assess predisposing factors to tubal pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of 891 ET cycles. SETTING: University-based IVF program. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: All ET cycles performed in the study period were included; the indication for IVF was tubal factor in 640 (72%) and other (nontubal) factors in 251 (28%) cycles. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Observing a higher than expected number of tubal pregnancies in our program; we examined subgroups to determine those at highest risk. RESULTS: Tubal pregnancies comprised 12% of clinical pregnancies in the tubal factor group but only 2.6% in the cycles nontubal factor group (P less than 0.05). Of 640 ET cycles in the tubal factor group, 359 were performed in patients who had prior tubal reconstructive surgery; tubal pregnancies comprised 15.6% of the clinical gestations in this subgroup. In the remainder of the tubal factor group (no prior tubal surgery), 281 ET cycles yielded a tubal pregnancy rate of only 5.5% (P less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Women with prior reconstructive surgery for distal tubal disease are at highest risk of developing tubal pregnancy after IVF.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. 2. The first 44 deliveries of 55 infants].

During the period 1.9.1985-21.2.1988, 143 patients commenced and completed treatment with in vitro fertilization and embryo-transfer (IVF-ET) in Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen. Forty-four out of the 143 patients were delivered of a total of 55 infants. There were 35 single deliveries, seven twin deliveries and two triplet deliveries. Seven women were admitted with threatened abortion and three women developed preeclampsia, one of these was severe. On an average, the deliveries occurred in the 38th week of pregnancy and the average weight of the singletons was 3,020 g. Ten women were delivered preterm and seven of the singletons had birth weights under 2,500 g. The frequency of caesarean section was 34% for singleton deliveries and 43% for all of the deliveries. Thirty-one boys and 24 girls were delivered, all of whom had normal karyotypes. One infant had a cleft lip but no other malformations. Three premature infants required brief respirator treatment. All of the infants were thriving on discharge. This material is still too limited to permit drawing of definite conclusions but it suggests, however, just as in other IVT-ET investigations, that the infants are born slightly earlier and weigh slightly less than average neonates, but that they are otherwise normal. In order to illustrate these problems further, the authors have commenced a more extensive prospective investigation with matched control persons.

Denmark↗

PubMed2000

Number and size of antral follicles as predictive factors in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether number and size of antral follicles can predict the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. METHODS: A total of 113 patients were prospectively included into this study. After 19 days of down-regulation, number and size of follicles were determined by using recent three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound technology. Before application of gonadotropin, all follicles had been defined as antral follicles. According to size, antral follicles were categorized into four different groups: group I included antral follicles < 5 mm, group II follicles 5-10 mm; group III 11-20 mm; and group IV > 20 mm. Pregnant and non-pregnant patients were compared in terms of their number of antral follicles of group I-IV. These four groups were then compared regarding implantation rate, number of retrieved oocytes, endometrium thickness, and age. RESULTS: Pregnant patients showed an significant higher number of follicles with the size between 5 and 10 mm (P = 0.04). A significant correlation was found between number of retrieved oocytes and antral follicle size of 5-10 mm (P = 0.0001). Antral follicles with a diameter between 5 and 10 mm decreased significantly with age (P = 0.008). In group III and IV, a significant correlation was found between antral follicle size (P = 0.016) and serum estradiol level after gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist down-regulation (P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that patients with a higher number of follicles between 5 and 10 mm showed a significantly higher pregnancy rate, whereas patients with a dominant number of antral follicles > 11 mm have a higher cancellation rate due to ovarian low response.

Embryo Transfer↗

PubMed1996

Effect of maternal age on clinical outcome in women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of age of IVF success in women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer by comparing IVF outcome in two groups of patients: group 1-age < or = 35 years old and group 2-age > 35 years old. This retrospective study covered a one year period between January 1991-December 1991 and included 230 patients with 634 treatment cycles. The patients' mean age was 32 +/- 1.9 (range 20-38 years old). Inclusion criteria for treatment of patients with IVF-ET included patients with tubal disease and non-tubal disease who have failed conventional treatments. The majority of patients had infertility from tubal damage, unexplained infertility, and male infertility. This study showed that all pregnancy rates, ongoing pregnancy rates and implantation rates were found to be higher in the < or = 35 year old group. The pregnancy rate per ET, ongoing pregnancy rate and implantation rate were found to be 35.17, 27.58, 16.53 per cent respectively; while in the > 35 year old group, the pregnancy rate per ET, ongoing pregnancy rate, implantation rate were found to be only 17.93, 11.03, 8.07 per cent respectively. The miscarriage rate tended to be higher in the > 35 year old group (34.62%) compared to 15.69 per cent found in < or = 35 year old group. Multiple pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were found to be 17.65 and 5.89 per cent respectively for the < or = 35 year old group but only 7.69, 3.85 per cent respectively for the > 35 year old group. From the statistical analysis comparing the outcome of pregnancy in these two groups, the pregnancy rate per ET, implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate were found to have statistical difference with P < 0.05. However, multiple pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate did not show any statistical significance in these two groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that maternal age especially when greater than 35 years old adversely affects clinical pregnancy and the spontaneous abortion rate.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Assessment of fetal growth and serum hCG titers after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Fetal growth in early pregnancy was estimated by transvaginal ultrasonic measurement and serum hCG measurement in 13 women who became pregnant through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer treatment. The first day of observation of a gestational sac (GS) or fetal heart movement (FHM) of over 120 beats/min confirmed the pregnancy. There were 6 or 7 days difference in GS or FHM confirmation within 20 or 30 days after insemination, although statistical deviations were very small (GS: 21.3 +/- 1.8, FHM: 29.5 +/- 1.8 days after insemination, mean +/- S.D.). Increases in crown-rump length (CRL) and serum hCG were used as indicators of fetal growth. There was a good correlation between CRL or serum hCG and days after insemination (CRL: r = 0.95, n = 55; hCG: r = 0.96, n = 77), and individual cases had almost the same velocity of CRL growth and serum hCG elevation as each regression line. This data suggests that each embryo has a different growth velocity from the fertilized oocyte until the first clinical confirmation of pregnancy.

Adult↗