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PubMed1995

Sulfobacins A and B, novel von Willebrand factor receptor antagonists. I. Production, isolation, characterization and biological activities.

Sulfobacins A and B, novel von Willebrand factor (vWF) receptor antagonists, have been isolated from the culture broth of Chryseobacterium sp. (Flavobacterium sp.) NR 2993 by ethyl acetate extraction, and by Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel column chromatographies. The physico-chemical properties of the sulfobacins indicate that their structures are completely different from that of aurintricarboxylic acid, the one known vWF receptor antagonist. Sulfobacins A and B inhibit the binding of vWF to its receptor with IC50S of 0.47 and 2.2 microM, respectively. Sulfobacin A also inhibits ristocetin-induced agglutination in human platelets fixed with paraformaldehyde with an IC50 of 0.58 microM.

Alkanesulfonic Acids↗

PubMed1997

Lipohexin, a new inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase from Moeszia lindtneri (HKI-0054) and Paecilomyces sp. (HKI-0055; HKI-0096). II. Inhibitory activities and specificity.

The new proline-containing lipohexapeptide lipohexin (I) isolated from three fungal strains, Moeszia lindtneri (HKI-0054) and Paecilomyces sp. (HKI-0055 and HKI-0096) is a competitive inhibitor of prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) from human placenta with IC50 of 3.5 microM. Specificity of lipohexin (I) is indicated by the much weaker inhibitory activity against bacterial prolyl endopeptidase from Flavobacterium meningosepticum (IC50 25 microM). No effect of lipohexin (I) was found on the activity of mechanistically related proteases such as proline specific proteases and other serine proteases.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Antibacterial activities of anthozoan corals on some marine microfoulers.

The antibacterial activities of twelve species of anthozoans (4 gorgonians, 5 soft corals and 3 antipatharians) collected off the east coast of India were assayed against four dominant marine fouling bacterial strains isolated from the biofilm of fouled aluminium panels. Of the 48 combinations (12 corals x 4 bacteria) eighteen interactions showed antibacterial activity (37.5%). Such activity was most apparent in gorgonians, which inhibited bacterial growth in ten out of sixteen interactions (62.5%) compared with that of five out of twenty interactions (25%) among soft corals and three out of twelve interactions (25%) among antipatharians. The activity scores varied with different extracts and test organisms used, and was highest in antipatharians. Among the four bacterial strains Vibrio sp. was the least sensitive (2/12) when compared with Flavobacterium sp. (6/12). This is the first report of antibacterial activities of antipatharian colonies against marine microfoulers. The results imply that anthozoan corals harbour potent agents which could be exploited for the development of antifouling technology.

Alcaligenes↗

PubMed2000

[Bacterial infection in the conjunctiva of patients with adenoviral conjunctivitis].

PURPOSE: We evaluate the microbiological features of mixed infection in adenovirus-infected conjunctiva. SUBJECTS: Isolation of bacteria was performed in 82 samples of adenoviral conjunctivitis at six eye clinics in Japan. METHODS: For microbiological diagnosis, we performed immunochromatography (IC) and polymerase chain reaction--restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis for detection and serotyping of adenovirus, and PCR for detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Chlamydia trachomatis antigens out of 82 samples with adenoviral conjunctivitis. RESULTS: Pathogenic bacteria were isolated in 6 samples out of 82. Out of these 6 cases, 5 samples were gram-negative rods and most of them were Flavobacterium meningosepticum (4 samples). Adenovirus type 8 was isolated from all these mixed infection cases. However, HSV-1 and Chlamydia trachomatis were not found. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, it is suggested that gram-negative rods, especially F. meningosepticum, are the most common bacteria causing mixed bacterial infection in adenoviral conjunctivitis.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microbiological contamination of Araucanian and North Patagonian lakes. 10th Region. Chile.

The microbiological distribution in two lakes from the Xth Region of Chile is studied. In the Lake Ranco (Araucanian), the viable counts were high and ranged from 20 to 1050 CFU/ml. The numbers of total coliforms were high, with densities between 9 and 842 CFU/100 ml. The predominant bacterial flora in the water were Enterobacteriaceae (34.0%). In the sediment the bacterial densities were always higher. Sulphate-reducing bacteria were detected in the sediments. The Lake Yelcho (Nordpatagonic), presented a very high count in relation with its oligotrophic state. In some places there were fecal coliforms. The predominant bacterial flora in the water samples corresponded to Flavobacterium-Flexibacter (26.4%) and Pseudomonas (22.0%). In the sediment the higher viable counts and total coliforms were obtained in sites adjacent to a salmon farm; the MPN of sulphate-reducing bacteria was 29500 bacteria/100g.

Chile↗

PubMed2000

Prevalence of nonfermenters in clinical specimens.

One hundred and thirty three non fermenting gram negative bacilli isolated out of 625 different clinical specimens were identified and characterised. Samples were exudate from chronic suppractive otits media (341), diabetic foot (117) wound (116) and blood (51). Of these isolates Pseudomonas aeruginosa 105(78.94%) predominated followed by Acinetobacter sp 8 [6.1%], Pseudomonas putrifaciens 6(4.5%), Flavobacterium sp 6(4.5%), Xanthomonas maltophilia 5(3.75%), Alkaligenes sp 3 (2.25). 31 (23.30%) were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Amikacin 85 (63.90%) was found to be more effective than fluoroquinolones (27.8-48.12%).

Acinetobacter↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Products of bacterial destruction of sodium dodecyl sulphate].

The products of Na dodecyl sulphate destruction by the three bacterial cultures--Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flavobacterium devorans, Achromobacter guttatus--were examined. The cultures were shown to decompose Na dodecyl sulphate in a similar way. The primary mechanism of destruction was found to be hydrolysis of the sulpho-ester bond in the molecule, leading to the separation of sulphate-ion and formation of dodecanol. Products of bacterial destruction of alkyl sulphates did not show foam forming capacity.

Alcaligenes↗

PubMed1975

Hospital infections with pigmented water bacteria.

Two types of cultures normally expected to be sterile, i.e., urine and blood, were chosen for review at a large university hospital. The bacteria isolated from urine cultures during 1966-70 and from blood cultures from 1966-73 are listed. Two organisms, Flavobacterium meningosepticum and Pseudomonas cepacia, were selected for more detailed study and review. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns for these two organisms are presented.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1998

[Study of the physiological characteristics of a strain which can change the color of red lead on Dunhuang mural].

A strain which was isolated from Dunhuang Murual was investigated. It belongs to Flavobacterium. In media added in Pb3O4, colonies show brown and black. After identified pigments, it showed that the brown was caused by the oxidation of Pb3 O4 into PbO2 by the strain. The optimal oxidative condition is at pH 9.8, 37 degrees C and dark environment. The genes for oxidation is on plasmid and the oxidation was inhibited under pure O2 and N2 conditions, too 5 x 10(-3) mol/ml NaN3 is enough. The strain was able to absorb lead initiative. The transmission electron microscope showed that lead locate in protoplasts.

Color↗

PubMed1975

[Distribution of ubiquinones (coenzyme Q) in Gram negative bacillae].

The coenzyme Q system was examined on 55 strains of Gram negative aerobic or facultatively anaerobic rods. No bacteria contain Co-Q7 nor Co-Q10. Ubiquinone Q8 predominates in Flavobacterium and in Enterobacteriaceae; Q9 was the only homolog found in the Pseudomonas, and predominates in the Acinetobacter.

Acinetobacter↗

PubMed2003

[The inhibitory effect of extracts from Galla chinensis on marine fouling bacteria].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the activity of extracts from Galla Chinensis with different solvents against marine fouling bacteria in vitro. METHOD: Incubating plate with foveolae was used. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate, ethanol and water extracts showed strong inhibitory activity against marine fouling bacteria belonging to nine genera including Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Alealigenes, Flavobacterium, Vibrio, Photobacterium, Moraxella, Chromobacterium, Enterobacter. While, the petroleum ether and chloroform extracts showed no inhibitory activity. CONCLUSION: The study provided theory basis for new biologic protective dope on environment.

Aeromonas↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The unique FauI restriction-modification system: cloning and comparative analysis of protein structure].

The nucleotide sequence was established for the full-length Flavobacterium aquatile operon coding for the FauI restriction-modification system. The operon is unusual in structure and has the gene order control protein gene-DNA methyltransferase A gene-restriction endonuclease gene-DNA methyltransferase B gene, other than in the known analogs. The genes are similarly oriented and overlap. On evidence of sequence analysis, both methyltransferases are C5 enzymes, the control protein is similar to that of other restriction-modification systems, and restriction endonuclease is low-homologous to other enzymes cleaving the DNA upper strand in position 4 or 5 relative to the recognition site.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

Subcloning using simplified adaptor addition.

A simplified procedure for the addition of synthetic oligonucleotide adaptors to subclone DNA fragments with incompatible ends is presented. An organophosphate degradation gene on a PstI fragment was cloned into the HindIII site of the fungal vector pH1S. The opd gene specifies parathion hydrolase and was first isolated from a Flavobacterium sp. The gene was present in 12% of the plasmids recovered and was inserted in either direction with similar frequencies: 53% with the opd start codon distal to the single SalI site of pH1S and 47% in the other orientation. All enzymatic steps were carried out in a single microconcentrator eliminating DNA loss through manipulation and transfer. Normally, during adaptor or linker addition, a larger number of oligonucleotides are attached at each end of the insert DNA and must be removed before cloning. The need for enzymatic digestion to remove excess adaptors was avoided. Traditional methods have utilized phenol/chloroform extraction, ethanol precipitation, gel filtration chromatography, spermine precipitation, or preparative gel electrophoresis. Eliminating these steps resulted in a simpler, more reliable procedure.

Base Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Employment of associative bacteria for the inoculation of barley plants cultivated in soil contaminated with lead and cadmium].

In laboratory experiments, the rhizobacteria Azospirillum lipoferum 137, Arthrobacter mysorens 7, Agrobacterium radiobacter 10, and Flavobacterium sp. L30 were found to have a relatively high resistance to the toxic heavy metals lead and cadmium (except that strain L30 was found to be sensitive to Cd). When introduced by means of seed bacterization, the heavy metal-resistant strains actively colonized the rhizosphere of barley plants cultivated in uncontaminated and contaminated soils. In both pot and field experiments, seed bacterization improved the growth of barley plants and the uptake of nutrient elements from soil contaminated with Pb and Cd. The bacterization also prevented the accumulation of Pb and Cd in barley plants, thereby mitigating the toxic effect of these heavy metals on the plants.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2004

[Characterization of microbial population present in the edible seaweed, Monostroma undulatum, Wittrock].

The microbiological quality of Monostroma undulatum, Wittrock from the Southern Argentinean coast, was studied for its application for human food. Also the diversity and function of the native bacterial population to this green seaweed was analyzed. Samples were collected in Puerto Deseado, province of Santa Cruz, Southern Argentina (47 degrees 45'L.S., 65 degrees 55'L.W). The samples were analyzed for the presence of psycotrophic heterotrophic bacteria, marine heterotrophic bacteria, low nutritional request bacteria (LNRB), marine low nutritional request bacteria (LNRB marine), Vibrio spp, total and thermotolerant colifom bacteria, anaerobic sulfite reducing bacteria, yeasts and moulds. The isolates were identified using standard techniques based on morphologic, physiologic and metabolic characteristics. Among the gram-negative bacteria isolated, the predominant genera belonged to Vibrio (20%), E. coli inactiva (18%), Flavobacterium (11%), Flexibacter (9%), Moraxella (9%), Alcaligenes/Pseudomonas group (9%), Aeromonas (2%), Acinetobacter (2%). Cotophaga (2%), Photobacterium (2%), Ps/Caulobacter/Alteromonas/Spirillum group (2), The main genus of gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus. Human pathogenic bacteria were not detected. Fecal contamination indicator bacteria were not isolated from fresh seaweed and seawater. These results showed an adequate microbiological quality of seaweed acceptable for human food. The bacterial population associated to Monostroma undulatum, consisted of gram-negative, marine and psycotrophic microorganisms, including vibrios and enterobacteria as their main components. Also the identified bacteria showed a great capacity to hydrolyze different substrates and so they might contribute to the balance of this marine ecosystem.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria in the clinical laboratory.

A simplified, concise scheme was developed for the identification of nonfermentative, gram-negative bacteria which have most frequently been reported in the literature as definite or possible agents of human disease. These organisms included apyocyanogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. stutzeri, P. maltophilia, P. putrefaciens, P. cepacia, P. alcaligenes, FLAVOBACTERIUM SPECIES, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Acinetobacter anitratum (Herellea vaginicola), A. Iwoffi (Mima polymorpha), Moraxella species, Alcaligenes odorans and Alcaligenes species. The tests used for identification included production of cytochrome oxidase, amylase, deoxyribonuclease, gelatinase, urease and Beta-galactosidase; motility; oxidation of one per cent glucose and ten per cent lactose; fluorescence; indole, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen gas production; denitrification of nitrites; growth at 42C; penicillin sensitivity and production of an aromatic odor and greenish discoloration on blood agar. Using this scheme, 85 per cent of 243 isolates (unknowns and reference strains) were identified to genus and species. Of the 15 per cent remaining, 11 per cent were identified as alkaline organisms and four per cent were unidentifiable.

Acinetobacter↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental and mathematical modeling of population dynamics of rhizospheric bacteria under conditions of cadmium stress].

The method of membrane filters was used to study the population dynamics of bacteria belonging to the genera Arthrobacter, Flavobacterium, and Klebsiella in barley (Hordeum vulgare) rhizosphere under conditions of cadmium stress (5-15 mg Cd/g soil). Mathematical modeling allowed us to demonstrate that the phytoprotective effect is implemented via the following succession of events: the bacteria synthesize phytohormones (IAA and ethylene)-->root excretory activity increases-->the number of the bacteria in the rhizoplane grows-->the flux of bacteria migrating from the rhizoplane to the rhizosphere increases-->the number of bacteria binding cadmium ions in the rhizosphere grows-->the amount of free ions entering the plant decreases. Among the bacteria studied, K. mobilis 880 displayed the highest migration and immobilization activity and the best survival rate under conditions of cadmium stress. Consequently, K. mobilis 880 is recommended for use in biopreparations for stimulating plant growth under conditions of heavy metal pollution.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2005

[Study on benzene degraded by soil microorganism].

The experiments were made in laboratory to analyze the characteristics and principle of benzene's biodegradation using the microorganism (G-, Flavobacterium) taken from Daqing oil fields. Results show that the maximal concentration of benzene, which microorganisms could endure is between 8.8 mg x L(-1) and 17.6 mg x L(-1); microorganisms were inhibited as benzene's concentration was beyond 17.6 mg x L(-1). Trends of benzene's concentration in and out of microorganism's cell are almost same; the biodegradation could be achieved efficiently as the pH range of 6.5 - 7.0 and benzene initial concentration range of 7.04 - 13.2 mg x L(-1). Change of - lgP (P is the distributive ratio of benzene in membrane and water) could be illustrated the trends of toxicity and degradation of benzene in and out of microorganism's cell; the biodegradation rate varied simultaneously with the change of P as initial concentration of benzene was beyond 8.8 mg x L(-1).

Bacteria↗