PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “TOXOPLASMOSIS, OCULAR”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Association of antibody titer and chorioretinal scarring in toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis.

Thirty subjects with clinically diagnosed toxoplasmosis retinal lesions, and 30 control subjects matched for age, sex, and race, were evaluated for the presence of IgG antitoxoplasmosis antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. Positive titer was found in 56% of subjects and 20% of controls. Positivity of titer was not correlated to location of lesion, laterality, presence of satellites, sex, or race. Increasing age in both subjects and controls was weakly correlated to positive titer. Study results indicate that a relative overdiagnosis of toxoplasmosis occurs if positive antibody titer is accepted as criteria for positive diagnosis. Currently employed criteria based on physical findings appear to be of little value in predicting positive titer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Acute acquired toxoplasmosis presenting as polymyositis and chorioretinitis in a Japanese male].

A 55-year-old Japanese male who developed acute polymyositis and chorioretinitis due to toxoplasmosis is described. The patients was well until one month prior to the present admission, when he had an onset of painful swelling of lymphnodes in the posterior cervical region, proximal muscle weakness, myalgia and a partial defect in the visual field of the right eye. He admitted that he had had a chance to eat half-cooked mutton while he had visited Saudi Arabia 40 days before. He was unable to go up and down the stairs at the peak of the illness. Serum CPK was 2050 u/l (N = 5-50) on January 11, 1989. These symptoms improved spontaneously except for the visual field defect. He was admitted to our hospital on January 31, 1989. On admission, neurological examination was unremarkable except for retinal exudate in the right eye which appeared consistent with the clinical diagnosis of toxoplasma chorioretinitis. Serum CPK was 103 u/l, and EMG showed myogenic changes. The IgM-immunofluorescent (IFA) anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody titer was elevated to 640, and IgG-immunofluorescent antibody to 20480 after IgM-IFA. These clinical and serological findings indicate acute and recent Toxoplasma gondii infection. It appeared likely that Toxoplasma gondii directly caused acute myositis and chorioretinitis. Clinical manifestations of toxoplasma myositis may mimic those of idiopathic polymyositis, however, the clinical course of the former is usually self-limited probably because of generation of antibodies which will inhibit the growth of the organism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Uveitis in childhood--Part III. Posterior.

Toxoplasma, nematodes, and cytomegalovirus are the most common causes of uveitis in children involving the posterior pole. Discussion of treatment and management is detailed. Rubella retinitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis are specific entities which are limited in their initial presentation in children. Panuveitis including sympathetic ophthalmia, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, and Behçet's syndromes, while relatively rare in their occurrence, demand early treatment intervention. Specific antimicrobial therapy and adrenocorticosteroids as well as therapeutic suggestions are also included. This is the last part of a three-part series of articles.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis--a historical review and current concepts.

Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis usually presents during the first three decades of life as a consequence of intra-uterine infection by Toxoplasma gondii. The ingestion of infected undercooked meat, or foodstuffs contaminated by infected cat faeces, constitute the primary sources of infection for the non-immune mother. It is thought that following congenital infection, Toxoplasma cysts remain dormant in otherwise normal retina and that acute retinochoroiditis is the result of reactivation of the parasite, perhaps by cyst rupture. Treatment is indicated for sight threatening disease and comprises anti-Toxoplasma agents. The addition of steroids may be required to diminish the inflammatory response. Photocoagulation of normal retina around focal lesions probably decreases the incidence of recurrent inflammation. Women should be advised not to eat undercooked meat and to avoid contact with cat excrement during pregnancy. These measures will decrease the incidence of both eye disease and the more severe manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis, which include congenital abnormalities, mental retardation, hydrocephalus and blindness.

Clindamycin↗
PubMed1989

[Morphologic changes of the nucleolar system of lymphocytes as the indicator of sensitivity to tuberculin and Toxoplasma antigen].

A study was made of the nucleolar apparatus of peripheral blood lymphocytes of the newborns, infants and their mothers before and after incubation in vitro with tuberculin or toxoplasmic antigen. It was established that in the presence of sensitization to one or another antigen, there was an increase in the relative count of lymphocytes having a zone of clarification near nucleoli. In children vaccinated with BCG, such an effect was noted in 81.3% of the cases, whereas in children with verified toxoplasmosis, in all the cases. It is recommended that the method designed might be used as alternative for the complement fixation test in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Laser treatment of toxoplasmosis.

Medical treatment of toxoplasmosis may not be effective always, or toxicities may preclude further use of medications. In this situation, laser photocoagulation may be considered. Three cases of toxoplasmosis were treated with krypton/argon laser photocoagulation. One case required retreatment. All remained quiescent after treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Third nerve palsy as a presenting sign of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

The case of a 29-year-old former parenteral drug abuser who presented with a 3rd nerve palsy and contralateral ataxia is reported. The patient was found to have a positive HLTV-III titer and acquired immune deficiency syndrome was diagnosed. Computed tomography demonstrated two ring-enhancing lesions in the brain which were presumed to be due to Toxoplasma gondii.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1977

[Secondary glaucoma and uveitis: hypertensive uveitis (author's transl)].

The secondary rise of i.o. pressure in uveitis may lead to a true secondary glaucoma or to hypertensive uveitis. The etiology of the endogenous inflammation does not seem to play a role. Pathogenetically the occlusion of the pupil with the formation of iris bombé and the obliteration of the chamber angle by exudate are important factors, while the hypersecretion of aqueous humor plays a minor role. Medical treatment consists in mydriatics and steroids. Surgical treatment depends on the pathogenetic mechanism and consists either in sector iridectomy or a filtering procedure.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Invasion of the guinea pig conjunctiva by Toxoplasma gondii.

Although interactions of Toxoplasma gondii with host cells have been studied extensively in vitro, relatively little is known about the initial interactions of Toxoplasma with mucosal surfaces in vivo. We therefore studied the onset of a Toxoplasma infection in guinea pig conjunctiva. Toxoplasma were inoculated onto the conjunctival epithelium. The tissue was fixed 15 min to 48 hr after inoculation and examined by electron microscopy. Guinea pigs similarly inoculated were maintained in the laboratory for 2 to 8 weeks and tested for antibody by the Toxoplasma dye test. We found that parasites invaded both epithelial and goblet cells within minutes of inoculation. Replication occurred within 4 hr of inoculation and took place mainly in epithelial cells. Within 48 hr, the organisms were found beneath the basal lamina of the epithelium. The host developed an inflammatory response consisting first largely of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and later largely of macrophages. The parasites also replicated in macrophages, showing their ability to evade host defenses in nonimmune animals. Inoculated guinea pigs kept in the laboratory for 8 weeks survived and developed elevated antibody titers against Toxoplasma. The guinea pig conjunctiva is a suitable tissue for studying the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Endolaser photocoagulation of toxoplasmosis.

Traditional medical treatment regimens for toxoplasmosis using such agents as sulfadiazine, clindamycin, pyrimethamine, and prednisone may not be effective always. Alternative methods of treatment such as diathermy and cryotherapy have been advocated. Photocoagulation has been used with some effect. In advanced cases vitreous opacification may preclude external photocoagulation technique. Two cases are presented in which vitrectomy and endolaser photocoagulation techniques were used. Endolaser treatment may be done in situations where vitreous opacification may preclude other methods.

Adult↗